7,602 research outputs found
Terrorism and Ressentiment: Using Nietzsche to Think About Inequality
This paper attempts to contribute to the sociological literature on terrorism by testing Friedrich Nietzsche\u27s (1967) ideas about the relationship between inequality and terrorism. Nietzsche\u27s work predicts that political and economic inequality are positively related to ressentiment, a hatred of the elites in society. Ressentiment, in turn, is positively related to political violence, one form of which is terrorism. Working from Nietzsche\u27s writing and a body of literature that examines the connection between terrorism and regime type, it is also predicted that these relationships will be stronger in liberal democracies than any other regime type. Using country-level data, the findings reveal that none of the predicted relationships hold true for other regime types. However, liberal democracies do exhibit the expected positive relationships between economic inequality and ressentiment. Implications the findings have for Nietzsche\u27s theory and possible explanations for unexpected findings are discussed
Indirect Measurement of Left Ventricular EndDiastolic Pressure in Congestive Cardiomyopathy and Constrictive Pericarditis
Pulmonary artery diastolic and pulmonary capillary wedge mean pressures were measured in 30 patients with congestive cardiomyopathy and in 30 patients with constrictive pericarditis. These measurements were compared with left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) to assess their value as indirect measurements of left ventricular function. There was close correlation between the indirect measurements and LVEDP in both disorders: a better statistical correlation was achieved using a power curve than with linear regression, since pulmonary artery diastolic pressure increased disproportionately when LVEDP was high.S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 540 (1974
Remaking of Race and Labor in British Guiana and Louisiana: 1830-1880
During the nineteenth century, the Gulf of Mexico fostered the movement of people, ideas, and news throughout the surrounding regions. Although each colony and state surrounding the basin had distinct cultures and traditions, they shared the legacy of slavery and emancipation. This study examines the transformation of labor that occurred for sugar planters in British Guiana and southern Louisiana during the age of emancipation. In this comparative project, I argue that in the 1830s planters from the British West Indies set the trajectory for solutions to the labor problem by curtailing the freedom of former slaves with Asian contract labor. Those in the sugar parishes of southern Louisiana followed this same framework in the 1860s yet it led to different outcomes. The nature of the circum-Caribbean provided opportunities for planters throughout the Gulf to observe the Asian indentured system and use a form of it in their distinct societies
Inferring Population Preferences via Mixtures of Spatial Voting Models
Understanding political phenomena requires measuring the political
preferences of society. We introduce a model based on mixtures of spatial
voting models that infers the underlying distribution of political preferences
of voters with only voting records of the population and political positions of
candidates in an election. Beyond offering a cost-effective alternative to
surveys, this method projects the political preferences of voters and
candidates into a shared latent preference space. This projection allows us to
directly compare the preferences of the two groups, which is desirable for
political science but difficult with traditional survey methods. After
validating the aggregated-level inferences of this model against results of
related work and on simple prediction tasks, we apply the model to better
understand the phenomenon of political polarization in the Texas, New York, and
Ohio electorates. Taken at face value, inferences drawn from our model indicate
that the electorates in these states may be less bimodal than the distribution
of candidates, but that the electorates are comparatively more extreme in their
variance. We conclude with a discussion of limitations of our method and
potential future directions for research.Comment: To be published in the 8th International Conference on Social
Informatics (SocInfo) 201
Generalised left ventricular dysfunction after traumatic right coronary artery - right atrial fistula
A patient with traumatic right coronary artery to right atrial fistula, which was repaired by direct closure and aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass grafting, is described. Cardiac catheterisation and selective cine angiocardiography were performed pre- and postoperatively, and left ventricular (LV) function was studied in detail by invasive and non-invasive techniques. There was regional (diaphragmatic) LV asynergy but also generalised impairment of myocardial function, and these abnormalities persisted after operation.S. Afr. Med. J., 48, 1829 (1974)
Latinx Children’s Push and Pull of Spanish Literacy and Translanguaging
We explored 19 Latinx children’s literacies in Spanish and translanguaging by asking, “What are Latinx children’s experiences and beliefs regarding Spanish and translanguaging reading and writing? How do tutorial staff and teacher candidates (TCs) help the youth to resist hegemonic and bracketing practices of English-only?” This study took place in a South Texas tutorial agency, where children voluntarily attended for after-school homework help. Data sources consisted of questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, hobby essays, and newsletter articles. Most children reported negative school-related language experiences and expressed dislike and unease regarding Spanish and translanguaging reading and writing, although they lived less than 10 miles from the Mexico border. However, two tutorial staff and 15 TCs provided counter narratives and modeled that Spanish and translanguaged (hybrid) reading and writing are neither wrong nor difficult. Schools’ accountability pressures and the U.S. socio-political milieu move language to the center (centripetal forces), while forces that resist normalization are centrifugal. Implications relate to how neighborhood educational centers, TCs, and classroom teachers can help subaltern youth to resist centripetal language forces
Seasonality of presentation and birth in catatonia
BACKGROUND:
Catatonia is a neuropsychiatric syndrome associated with both psychiatric disorders and medical conditions. Understanding of the pathophysiology of catatonia remains limited, and the role of the environment is unclear. Although seasonal variations have been shown for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, the seasonality of this syndrome has not yet been adequately explored.
METHODS:
Clinical records were screened to identify a cohort of patients suffering from catatonia and a control group of psychiatric inpatients, from 2007 to 2016 in South London. In a cohort study, the seasonality of presentation was explored fitting regression models with harmonic terms, while the effect of season of birth on subsequent development of catatonia was analyzed using regression models for count data. In a case-control study, the association between month of birth and catatonia was studied fitting logistic regression models.
RESULTS:
In total, 955 patients suffering from catatonia and 23,409 controls were included. The number of catatonic episodes increased during winter, with a peak in February. Similarly, an increasing number of cases was observed during summer, with a second peak in August. However, no evidence for an association between month of birth and catatonia was found.
CONCLUSIONS:
The presentation of catatonia showed seasonal variation in accordance with patterns described for many of the disorders underlying catatonia, such as mood disorders and infections. We found no evidence for an association between season of birth and risk of developing catatonia. This may imply that recent triggers may underpin catatonia, rather than distal events
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis, the formation of fibrofatty lesions in the artery wall, causes much morbidity and mortality worldwide, including most myocardial infarctions and many strokes, as well as disabling peripheral artery disease. Development of atherosclerotic lesions probably requires low-density lipoprotein, a particle that carries cholesterol through the blood. Other risk factors for atherosclerosis and its thrombotic complications include hypertension, cigarette smoking and diabetes mellitus. Increasing evidence also points to a role of the immune system, as emerging risk factors include inflammation and clonal haematopoiesis. Studies of the cell and molecular biology of atherogenesis have provided considerable insight into the mechanisms that link all these risk factors to atheroma development and the clinical manifestations of this disease. An array of diagnostic techniques, both invasive (such as selective coronary arteriography) and noninvasive (such as blood biomarkers, stress testing, CT and nuclear scanning), permit assessment of cardiovascular disease risk and targeting of therapies. An expanding armamentarium of therapies that can modify risk factors and confer clinical benefit is available; however, we face considerable challenge in providing equitable access to these treatments and in maximizing adherence. Yet, the clinical application of the fruits of research has advanced preventive strategies, enhanced clinical outcomes in affected individuals, and improved their quality of life. Rapidly accelerating knowledge and continued research promise to provide further progress in combating this common chronic disease
Adverse Birth Outcomes and Maternal Exposure to Trichloroethylene and Tetrachloroethylene through Soil Vapor Intrusion in New York State
Background: Industrial spills of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Endicott, New York (USA), have led to contamination of groundwater, soil, and soil gas. Previous studies have reported an increase in adverse birth outcomes among women exposed to VOCs in drinking water
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