60 research outputs found
Towards a regional ocean forecasting system for the IBI (Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area): developments and improvements within the ECOOP project framework
The regional ocean operational system remains a key element in downscaling from large scale (global or basin scale) systems to coastal ones. It enables the transition between systems in which the resolution and the resolved physics are quite different. Indeed, coastal applications need a system to predict local high frequency events (inferior to the day) such as storm surges, while deep sea applications need a system to predict large scale lower frequency ocean features. In the framework of the ECOOP project, a regional system for the Iberia-Biscay-Ireland area has been upgraded from an existing V0 version to a V2. This paper focuses on the improvements from the V1 system, for which the physics are close to a large scale basin system, to the V2 for which the physics are more adapted to shelf and coastal issues. Strong developments such as higher regional physics resolution in the NEMO Ocean General Circulation Model for tides, non linear free surface and adapted vertical mixing schemes among others have been implemented in the V2 version. Thus, regional thermal fronts due to tidal mixing now appear in the latest version solution and are quite well positioned. Moreover, simulation of the stratification in shelf areas is also improved in the V2
Partial complementation of Sinorhizobium meliloti bacA mutant phenotypes by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis BacA protein
The Sinorhizobium meliloti BacA ABC transporter protein plays an important role in its nodulating symbiosis with the legume alfalfa (Medicago sativa). The Mycobacterium tuberculosis BacA homolog was found to be important for the maintenance of chronic murine infections, yet its in vivo function is unknown. In the legume plant as well as in the mammalian host, bacteria encounter host antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). We found that the M. tuberculosis BacA protein was able to partially complement the symbiotic defect of an S. meliloti BacA-deficient mutant on alfalfa plants and to protect this mutant in vitro from the antimicrobial activity of a synthetic legume peptide, NCR247, and a recombinant human \u3b2-defensin 2 (HBD2). This finding was also confirmed using an M. tuberculosis insertion mutant. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis BacA-mediated protection of the legume symbiont S. meliloti against legume defensins as well as HBD2 is dependent on its attached ATPase domain. In addition, we show that M. tuberculosis BacA mediates peptide uptake of the truncated bovine AMP, Bac71-16. This process required a functional ATPase domain. We therefore suggest that M. tuberculosis BacA is important for the transport of peptides across the cytoplasmic membrane and is part of a complete ABC transporter. Hence, BacA-mediated protection against host AMPs might be important for the maintenance of latent infections
Association Between Plasma Caffeine and Other Methylxanthines and Metabolic Parameters in a Psychiatric Population Treated With Psychotropic Drugs Inducing Metabolic Disturbances
Importance: Multiple studies conducted in the general population identified an association between self-reported coffee consumption and plasma lipid levels. To date, no study assessed whether and which plasma methylxanthines (caffeine and/or its metabolites, i.e., paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine) are associated with plasma lipids. In psychiatric patients, an important coffee consumption is often reported and many psychotropic drugs can induce a rapid and substantial increase of plasma lipid levels.Objective: To determine whether plasma methylxanthines are associated with metabolic parameters in psychiatric patients receiving treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances.Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were obtained from a prospective study including 630 patients with metabolic parameters [i.e., body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and fasting triglycerides (TG)] monitored routinely during psychotropic treatment.Exposures: Plasma methylxanthines levels.Main Outcomes and Measures: Metabolic variables including BMI and plasma lipid levels.Results: Multivariate analyses indicated that BMI, TC, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C increased significantly with increasing total methylxanthines (pcorrected †0.05). In addition, compared to patients with plasma caffeine concentration in the lowest quartile, those with caffeine concentration in the highest quartile were twice more prone to suffer from non-HDL hypercholesterolemia (pcorrected = 0.05), five times more likely to suffer from hypertriglyceridemia (pcorrected = 0.01) and four times more susceptible to be overweight (pcorrected = 0.01).Conclusions and Relevance: This study showed that plasma caffeine and other methylxanthines are associated with worsening of metabolic parameters in patients receiving psychotropic treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances. It emphasizes that important caffeine consumption could be considered as an additional environmental risk factor for metabolic worsening in patients receiving such treatments
Regional circulation patterns of Mediterranean Outflow Water near the Iberian and African continental slopes
The Mediterranean Outflow Water (MOW) is a dense water
mass originated in the Strait of Gibraltar. Downstream of the Gulf of CĂĄdiz,
the MOW forms a reservoir region west of the Iberian continental slopes at a
buoyant depth of approximately 1000 m. This region plays a key role as the
main centre where the MOW is mixed and distributed into the North Atlantic.
The seafloor in this area is characterized by the presence of a complex
bathymetry with three abyssal plains separated by mountain chains. Although
the topographic features do not reach the surface, they influence ocean
flows at intermediate and deep ocean layers, conditioning the distribution
and circulation of MOW.
The Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service (CMEMS) IberianâBiscayâIreland (IBI) ocean reanalysis is used to provide a detailed view of the
circulation and mixing processes of MOW near the Iberian and African
continental slopes. This work emphasizes the relevance of the complex
bathymetric features defining the circulation processes of MOW in this
region. The high resolution of the IBI reanalysis allows us to make a
description of the mesoscale features forced by the topography. The
temperature, salinity, velocity, transport, and vorticity fields are
analysed to understand the circulation patterns of MOW. The high-resolution
circulation patterns reveal that Horseshoe Basin and the continental
slope near Cape Ghir (a.k.a. Cap Rhir or Cabo de Aguer) are key areas controlling the mixing processes of MOW
with the surrounding water masses, mainly North Atlantic Central Water (NACW)
and Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). The water mass
variability is also analysed by means of composite analysis. Results
indicate the existence of a variability in the MOW tongue which retracts and
expands westwards in opposition to the movement of the underlying North
Atlantic Deep Water.</p
Arbeitsmedizin
Das Kapitel ist in vier Unterkapital gegliedert. "Allgemeines zur Arbeitsmedizin" beinhaltet die Rolle und Ziele der Arbeitsmedizin und die wesentlichen gesetzlichen Grundlagen. "Berufskrankheiten" umfasst die Berufs- und Arbeitsplatzanamnese sowie die wichtigsten Berufskrankheiten und Noxen. Das dritte Unterkapitel behandelt die arbeitsassoziierten Gesundheitsstörungen, die Ergonomie, Arbeitsorganisation und Arbeitslosigkeit. Die Kapitel "Absenzen- und Case Management" sowie "Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung und Arbeitsgestaltung" zeigen Möglichkeiten auf, wie ein Betrieb die Gesundheit und ArbeitsfÀhigkeit seiner Mitarbeiter aufrechterhalten und fördern kann. Das Kapitel befÀhigt die Studierenden, die Interaktion zwischen Arbeit und Gesundheit zu erkennen und adÀquate Massnahmen zu ergreifen.[Autoren]]]>
Occupational Medicine ; Occupational Diseases
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Résultats à court terme des arthroplasties totales de hanche non cimentées chez des patients de moins de 60 ans
Larequi, Ivan-Philippe
Université de Lausanne, Faculté de médecine
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
phdthesis
1999
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Association Between Plasma Caffeine and Other Methylxanthines and Metabolic Parameters in a Psychiatric Population Treated With Psychotropic Drugs Inducing Metabolic Disturbances
info:doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00573
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00573
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/30473668
Delacrétaz, Aurélie
Vandenberghe, Frederik
Glatard, AnaĂŻs
Levier, Axel
Dubath, CĂ©line
Ansermot, Nicolas
Crettol, SĂ©verine
Gholam-Rezaee, Mehdi
Guessous, Idris
Bochud, Murielle
von Gunten, Armin
Conus, Philippe
Eap, Chin B.
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
article
2018-11-09
Frontiers in Psychiatry, vol. 9
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1664-0640
<![CDATA[Importance: Multiple studies conducted in the general population identified an association between self-reported coffee consumption and plasma lipid levels. To date, no study assessed whether and which plasma methylxanthines (caffeine and/or its metabolites, i.e., paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine) are associated with plasma lipids. In psychiatric patients, an important coffee consumption is often reported and many psychotropic drugs can induce a rapid and substantial increase of plasma lipid levels.
Objective: To determine whether plasma methylxanthines are associated with metabolic parameters in psychiatric patients receiving treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were obtained from a prospective study including 630 patients with metabolic parameters [i.e., body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and fasting triglycerides (TG)] monitored routinely during psychotropic treatment. Exposures: Plasma methylxanthines levels. Main Outcomes and Measures: Metabolic variables including BMI and plasma lipid levels.
Results: Multivariate analyses indicated that BMI, TC, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C increased significantly with increasing total methylxanthines (pcorrected <= 0.05). In addition, compared to patients with plasma caffeine concentration in the lowest quartile, those with caffeine concentration in the highest quartile were twice more prone to suffer from non-HDL hypercholesterolemia (p(corrected) = 0.05), five times more likely to suffer from hypertriglyceridemia (p(corrected) = 0.01) and four times more susceptible to be overweight (p(corrected) = 0.01).
Conclusions and Relevance: This study showed that plasma caffeine and other methylxanthines are associated with worsening of metabolic parameters in patients receiving psychotropic treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances. It emphasizes that important caffeine consumption could be considered as an additional environmental risk factor for metabolic worsening in patients receiving such treatments
Protection of Sinorhizobium against Host Cysteine-Rich Antimicrobial Peptides Is Critical for Symbiosis
A bacterial membrane protein, BacA, protects Sinorhizobium meliloti against the antimicrobial activity of host peptides, enabling the peptides to induce bacterial persistence rather than bacterial death
Copernicus Marine Service Ocean State Report
This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record
Copernicus Marine Service ocean state report, issue 4
This is the final version. Available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record.âŻFCT/MCTE
Observations of the Ushant front displacements with MSG/SEVIRI derived sea surface temperature data
International audienceHourly Sea Surface Temperature (SST) fields derived from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infra-Red Imager (SEVIRI) onboard Meteosat Second Generation (MSG) are frequently used in studies of the diurnal cycle of the ocean. In this article, we focus on high frequency SST variability induced by tidal currents in the Iroise Sea, west of Brittany (France). This region is known for its strong tidal currents that are responsible in summer for the generation of an intense thermal front, the Ushant front. We use hourly MSG/SEVIRI derived SST to compute the displacements of this front. In the northern part of the front, at 48.75°N, we show that the longitudinal displacements of the front on subdiurnal time scales can be explained by the Lagrangian advection induced by surface currents.We also present maps of surface currents computed from hourly SEVIRI derived SST data using the Maximum Cross Correlation (MCC) method. Comparison of SEVIRI derived velocities with velocities obtained with high frequency (HF) radar measurements and a hindcast numerical simulation (Mercator Ocean) gives encouraging results in the northern part of the Ushant front, near the Ushant Island. Within that region, the mean bias of the SEVIRI velocities was below 0.12 m·sâ 1, with the standard deviation ranging from 0.26 m·sâ 1 during moderate tides to 0.49 m·sâ 1 during spring tides. Further offshore, where the surface thermal structures are weaker and the SST more homogeneous, currents derived using the MCC method were overestimated by 0.3 m·sâ 1 and showed larger error standard deviations
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