DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF AN ULTRA WIDEBAND MINIATURE MEDICAL ANTENNA FOR RADIOMETRIC MULTI-CHANNEL MULTI-FREQUENCY THERMAL MONITORING

The article is devoted to the development of a printed ultra-wideband miniature antenna that can be used for microwave radiometry. An antenna design with a ring-shaped radiator has been proposed, which provides reception of microwave radiation from biological tissues in the 1800–4600 MHz range. The results of mathematical modeling of the antenna electromagnetic field in biological tissues using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method are presented. Optimization of the antenna design has been carried out to ensure acceptable matching parameters and optimal antenna functionality. The developed antenna has a height of 6 mm and a calculated mass of 5 g; it is planned to manufacture a dielectric substrate based on PDMS polymer with the addition of barium titanate. The issues of calculating the antenna parameters (measurement depth, resolution and distribution of radiation power over the volume of biological tissue, sensitivity, etc.) are considered. The research results and design parameters of the developed antenna demonstrated the effectiveness of the new antenna and the possibility of its adaptation to the object of research. Considering the presence of an ultra-wide band and miniature dimensions, the antenna can be a sensor of a multi-frequency multi-channel microwave radiothermograp

Quantitative analysis of ribosome–mRNA complexes at different translation stages

Inhibition of primer extension by ribosome–mRNA complexes (toeprinting) is a proven and powerful technique for studying mechanisms of mRNA translation. Here we have assayed an advanced toeprinting approach that employs fluorescently labeled DNA primers, followed by capillary electrophoresis utilizing standard instruments for sequencing and fragment analysis. We demonstrate that this improved technique is not merely fast and cost-effective, but also brings the primer extension inhibition method up to the next level. The electrophoretic pattern of the primer extension reaction can be characterized with a precision unattainable by the common toeprint analysis utilizing radioactive isotopes. This method allows us to detect and quantify stable ribosomal complexes at all stages of translation, including initiation, elongation and termination, generated during the complete translation process in both the in vitro reconstituted translation system and the cell lysate. We also point out the unique advantages of this new methodology, including the ability to assay sites of the ribosomal complex assembly on several mRNA species in the same reaction mixture

Russia and Belarus

The topic of this issue is “Russia and Belarus.” In it, Margarita M. Balmaceda, Siarhei Bohdan, Fabian Burkhardt, Arkady Moshes, Ryhor Nizhnikau, Oxana Schmies and Joerg Forbrig assess the protests in Belarus after the presidential election from the perspective of Russia’s role in Belarus. An interview with Russian sociologist Lev Gudkov and an opinion poll highlighting Russian attitudes towards Belarus round out the issue.Das Thema dieser Ausgabe ist "Russland und Weissrussland". Darin bewerten Margarita M. Balmaceda, Siarhei Bohdan, Fabian Burkhardt, Arkady Moshes, Ryhor Nizhnikau, Oxana Schmies und Jörg Forbrig die Proteste in Belarus nach den Präsidentschaftswahlen aus dem Blickwinkel der Rolle Russlands in Weissrussland. Ein Interview mit dem russischen Soziologen Lew Gudkow und eine Meinungsumfrage, die die russische Haltung gegenüber Weissrussland beleuchtet, runden das Thema ab.ISSN:1863-042

Russia and China: converging responses to globalization

This article compares the impact of globalization on the political systems and political economy of Russia and China since the beginning of their respective reform periods. Overall, it argues that both should now be viewed within the paradigm of 'developmental states'. The article first presents some comparative economic statistics on the changes that have taken place. Second, it looks at the converging attitudes of the two regimes towards industrial restructuring and privatization, highlighting the continued role that they both reserve for state direction. This includes an orientation towards national industrial champions. Third, the evolution of policies of both states towards guided democratization are discussed leading to an assessment of the importance of nationalism in their responses to globalization, particularly in the recent doctrine of 'sovereign democracy' of Putin's United Russia party. Finally, the article argues that a greater wariness towards western recipes for political and economic development will frame the efforts of both states to construct a more cooperative bilateral relationship