A Theoretical Model of Augmented Reality Acceptance

Recent tourism research increasingly explored the opportunities of using Augmented Reality (AR) in order to boost tourism and increase the value for tourists while travelling within a destination. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been applied to a number of research disciplines, lately also AR however, studies focusing on the tourism context are still scarce. As this field is expected to increase in importance rapidly due to technological advancements and research into functionality, acceptance and usefulness, it is important to identify what the basic requirements are for AR to be accepted by users. Furthermore, the provision of a conceptual model provides researchers with a starting point on which they can base their future research. Therefore, this paper proposes an AR acceptance model including five external variables that might be included in future AR acceptance research

A Theoretical Model of Augmented Reality Acceptance

Recent tourism research increasingly explored the opportunities of using Augmented Reality (AR) in order to boost tourism and increase the value for tourists while travelling within a destination. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) has been applied to a number of research disciplines, lately also AR however, studies focusing on the tourism context are still scarce. As this field is expected to increase in importance rapidly due to technological advancements and research into functionality, acceptance and usefulness, it is important to identify what the basic requirements are for AR to be accepted by users. Furthermore, the provision of a conceptual model provides researchers with a starting point on which they can base their future research. Therefore, this paper proposes an AR acceptance model including five external variables that might be included in future AR acceptance research

Google Glass Augmented Reality: Generic Learning Outcomes for Art Galleries

Art galleries are increasingly asked to provide evidence of their efforts towards facilitating visitors’ learning experience. Augmented reality (AR) and wearable computing has the potential to create a realistic learning environment. Using Google Glass allows art gallery visitors to receive augmented information while looking at paintings. The Generic Learning Outcomes (GLO) framework was specifically designed to investigate visitors’ learning experience in museums and art galleries however, research on art galleries visitors’ learning experience through wearable computing and AR applications is scarce. This study aims to assess how Google Glass enhances visitors’ learning outcomes within the art gallery environment. Twenty-two visitors participated in a test of the Google Glass Museum Zoom application. Visitors were interviewed and the data were analysed using thematic analysis and revealed that Google Glass helps visitors to see connections and enhance the knowledge and understanding of paintings

QuantUM: Quantitative Safety Analysis of UML Models

When developing a safety-critical system it is essential to obtain an assessment of different design alternatives. In particular, an early safety assessment of the architectural design of a system is desirable. In spite of the plethora of available formal quantitative analysis methods it is still difficult for software and system architects to integrate these techniques into their every day work. This is mainly due to the lack of methods that can be directly applied to architecture level models, for instance given as UML diagrams. Also, it is necessary that the description methods used do not require a profound knowledge of formal methods. Our approach bridges this gap and improves the integration of quantitative safety analysis methods into the development process. All inputs of the analysis are specified at the level of a UML model. This model is then automatically translated into the analysis model, and the results of the analysis are consequently represented on the level of the UML model. Thus the analysis model and the formal methods used during the analysis are hidden from the user. We illustrate the usefulness of our approach using an industrial strength case study.Comment: In Proceedings QAPL 2011, arXiv:1107.074

Menge, Verteilung und Zusammensetzung organischer Bodensubstanz auf Oberflächen von Makroporen in Bt-Horizonten

In strukturierten Unterböden können die Oberflächen von Makroporen (Aggregatränder und Bioporen) in Folge von präferenzieller Verlagerung und Stabilisierungsprozessen mit organischer Bodensubstanz (OBS) angereichert sein. Menge, Verteilung und Zusammensetzung der OBS beeinflussen über die physiko-chemischen Oberflächeneigenschaften der Makroporen den präferenziellen Transport und den Massentransfer zwischen Fließweg und Bodenmatrix. Darüber hinaus führt eine räumlich diskrete Verteilung von OBS auf Oberflächen von Makroporen zu - in Unterböden wenig erforschten - „hot spots“ mit erhöhten Umsatzraten. Die Analyse der OBS-Zusammensetzung gestattet außerdem Rückschlüsse auf die Landnutzung, so deutet z.B. das Auftreten von Benzonitril und Naphtalen (BN+NA) auf Biomasse-Verbrennung hin. Ziel der Arbeit war die Quantifizierung von organischem Kohlenstoff (Corg) und BN+NA auf intakten Makroporen-Oberflächen in Bt-Horizonten von Parabraunerden aus Löss und Geschiebemergel. Die zweidimensionale (2D), mm-skalige Verteilung von Corg und BN+NA auf verschiedenen Makroporen-Typen wurde mittels Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform (DRIFT) Spektroskopie in Kombination mit Corg-Messungen und Pyrolyse-Feldionisation Massenspektrometrie (Py-FIMS) quantitativ beschrieben. Für eine Horizont-bezogene Quantifizierung wurden die Porenverteilungen und Porenraum-Geometrien mit Röntgen-Computertomographie (CT) dreidimensional (3D) analysiert. Erhöhte Gehalte an Corg- und BN+NA korrelierten mit dem Auftreten von Ton-haltigen Kutanen und Porenfüllungen. Die Kombination von 2D- und 3D-Daten zeigte Unterschiede in der räumlichen Verteilung von Corg bzw. OBS sowie von BN+NA in Abhängigkeit der Makroporen-Typen und Standorte bzw. bodenbildenden Substrate. Die Ergebnisse tragen zur genaueren Beschreibung von Stoffumsetzungsprozessen und Stofftransporten in strukturierten Unterböden bei und ermöglichen darüber hinaus Schlüsse auf die Genese von Bt-Horizonten in Parabraunerden

Psychometric evaluation of an experience sampling method–based patient-reported outcome measure in functional dyspepsia

Background: Due to important biases, conventional end-of-day and end-of-week assessment methods of gastrointestinal symptoms in functional dyspepsia (FD) are considered suboptimal. Real-time symptom assessment based on the experience sampling method (ESM) could be a more accurate measurement method. This study aimed to evaluate validity and reliability of an ESM-based patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for symptom assessment in FD. Methods: Thirty-five patients with FD (25 female, mean age 44.7 years) completed the ESM-based PROM (a maximum of 10 random moments per day) and an end-of-day symptom diary for 7 consecutive days. On day 7, end-of-week questionnaires were completed including the Nepean Dyspepsia Index (NDI) and Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM). Key Results: Experience sampling method and corresponding end-of-day scores for gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly associated (ICCs range 0.770–0.917). However, end-of-day scores were significantly higher (Δ0.329–1.031) than mean ESM scores (p < 0.05). Comparing ESM with NDI and PAGI-SYM scores, correlations were weaker (Pearson's r range 0.467–0.846). Cronbach's α coefficient was good for upper gastrointestinal symptoms (α = 0.842). First half-week and second half-week scores showed very good consistency (ICCs range 0.913–0.975). Conclusion and Inferences: Good validity and reliability of a novel ESM-based PROM for assessing gastrointestinal symptoms in FD patients was demonstrated. Moreover, this novel PROM allows to evaluate individual symptom patterns and can evaluate interactions between symptoms and environmental/contextual factors. ESM has the potential to increase patients' disease insight, provide tools for self-management, and improve shared decision making. Hence, this novel tool may aid in the transition toward personalized health care for FD patients

How can Tourist Attractions profit from Augmented Reality?

The benefits, value and potential of Augmented Reality (AR) are widely researched. However, the value of AR is most commonly discussed in relation to enhancing the tourist experience, rather than generating revenue or economic returns. Although AR promises to add value to the visitor experience and generate associated benefits, the financial implications and revenue model for AR implementation remain uncertain and therefore too much of a financial risk for most tourist organisations, typically Small to Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) characterised by limited funding. Thus, using the case of UNESCO recognised Geevor Tin Mine Museum, in Cornwall, UK, this study identifies ways in which tourism organisations can profit from AR implementation. Fifty semi-structured interviews with Geevor stakeholders, analysed using content analysis reveal a number of ways AR can be introduced to increase revenue generation and profits, therefore filling a gap in research and minimising the risk for managers and practitioners considering AR implementation

Embodiment of Wearable Augmented Reality Technology in Tourism Experiences

The increasing use of wearable devices for tourism purposes sets the stage for a critical discussion on technological mediation in tourism experience. This paper provides a theoretical reflection on the phenomenon of embodiment relation in technological mediation and then assesses the embodiment of wearable augmented reality technology in a tourism attraction. The findings suggest that technology embodiment is a multidimensional construct consisting of ownership, location, and agency. These support the concept of technology withdrawal, where technology disappears as it becomes part of human actions, and contest the interplay of subjectivity and intentionality between humans and technology in situated experiences such as tourism. It was also found that technology embodiment affects enjoyment and enhances experience with tourism attractions

A modern network approach to revisiting the positive and negative affective schedule (PANAS) construct validity

Introduction: The factor structure of the Positive and Negative Affective Schedule (PANAS) is still a topic of debate. There are several reasons why using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) for scale validation is advantageous and can help understand and resolve conflicting results in the factor analytic literature. Objective: The main objective of the present study was to advance the knowledge regarding the factor structure underlying the PANAS scores by utilizing the different functionalities of the EGA method. EGA was used to (1) estimate the dimensionality of the PANAS scores, (2) establish the stability of the dimensionality estimate and of the item assignments into the dimensions, and (3) assess the impact of potential redundancies across item pairs on the dimensionality and structure of the PANAS scores. Method: This assessment was carried out across two studies that included two large samples of participants. Results and Conclusion: In sum, the results are consistent with a two-factor oblique structure.Fil: Flores Kanter, Pablo Ezequiel. Universidad Empresarial Siglo XXI; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Garrido, Luis Eduardo. Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra; República DominicanaFil: Moretti, Luciana Sofía. Universidad Empresarial Siglo XXI; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra; República Dominicana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Medrano, Leonardo. Universidad Empresarial Siglo XXI; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra; República Dominicana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin