HUBUNGAN ANTARA STRES KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA PADA KARYAWAN DIBAGIAN PRODUKSI PT. SAMUDRA MANDIRI SENTOSA BITUNG

Pentingnya produktivitas dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan telah disadari secara universal. Tidak ada jenis kegiatan manusia yang tidak mendapat keuntungan dari produktivitas yang ditingkatkan sebagai kekuatan untuk menghasilkan lebih banyak barang maupun jasa. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahuiadanya hubungan stres kerja dan motivasi kerja dengan produktivitas kerja pada karyawan dibagian produksi PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional study. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah karyawan di bagian produksi PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive samplingdengan jumlah sampel 87 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil pengujian didapatkan nilai p-value 0,033 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara stres dan produktivitas kerja pada karyawan. Selanjutnya didapatkan juga nilai p-value 0,036 yang menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang antara motivasi kerja dengan produktivitas kerja pada karyawan.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan yaitu terdapat hubungan antara stres kerja dan produktivitas kerja dan terdapat hubungan antara motivasi kerja dengan produktivitas kerja pada karyawan dibagian produksi PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung.Kata Kunci: Produktivitas Kerja, Stress Kerja, Motivasi Kerja ABSTRACTThe importance of productivity in improving welefare has been universally realized. There is no type of a human activity that does not benefit from increased productivity as a force to produce more goods and services. The purpose of the research is to find out the relationship between work stress and work motivation with work productivity on employees in the production section of PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung. This research is a cross sectional study which is one of the research methods of analytic survey. The population and sample in this study were employees in the production section of PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung.This research is a cross sectional study which is one of the research methods of analytic survey. The population and sample in this study were employees in the production section of PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique with a sample size of 87 people.Data analysis using chi-square test. The test results obtained p-value 0.033 which indicates that there is a relationship between stress and work productivity on employees. Furthermore, it also obtained a p-value of 0.036 which indicates that there is a relationship between work motivation and work productivity on employees.From the results of the study obtained conclusions that there is a relationship between work stress and work productivity and there is a relationship between work motivation and work productivity on employees in the production section of PT. Samudra Mandiri Sentosa Bitung.Keywords: Work Productivity, Work Stress,Work Motivation

HUBUNGAN ANTARA STRES KERJA DAN MOTIVASI KERJA DENGAN PERASAAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA TENAGA KERJA LAUNDRY DI KELURAHAN KLEAK DAN BAHU KOTA MANADO

Segala kesibukan yang ada dalam masyarakat di era globalisasi ini, misalnya para pekerja kantoran yang selalu mengabiskan waktunya di kantor serta para mahasiswa yang sibuk dengan tugas dari para dosen sehingga sudah tidak mempunyai waktu untuk melakukan aktivitas seperti mencuci pakaian dan lain sebagainya, oleh sebab itu mereka memilih cara-cara yang instan diantaranya dengan memasukan pakaian di tempat laundry terdekat. Kelelahan merupakan suatu reaksi tubuh yang muncul akibat seseorang bekerja terlalu berat. Kelelahan kerja dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti faktor dari pekerja itu sendiri dan faktor dari lingkungan kerja. Stress kerja dan motivasi dari pekerja juga turut mempengaruhi kelelahan kerja. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional study. Adapun sumber data diambil dari data primer yang berupa kuesioner dan data sekunder data dari tenaga kerja ­laundry di kelurahan kleak dan bahu kota manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observational analitik. Dengan jumlah populasi sebesar 70 tenaga laundry, Analisis ini dilakukan dengan uji statistik fisher exact yang dimana jika nilai ρ. <0.05 maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat korelasi/hubungan antara variable independent dan variable dependent. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik didapat hasil ρ.= 0,028 (ρ.<0,05), yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara stress kerja dan perasaan kelelahan kerja. dan didapat hasil ρ.= 0.017 (ρ.<0,05) yang berarti terdapat hubungan antara motivasi kerja dan perasaan kelelahan kerja . Kata Kunci : Stres Kerja, Motivasi Kerja, Perasaan Kelelahan Kerja ABSTRACTAll the activities that exist in society in this era of globalization, for example office workers who always spend their time in the office and students who are busy with the duties of the lecturers so that they do not have time to do activities such as washing clothes and so on, by because of that they chose instant ways including by putting clothes in the nearest laundry place. Fatigue is a body reaction that results from someone working too hard. Work exhaustion can be influenced by several factors such as factors of the workers themselves and factors from the work environment. Job stress and motivation from workers also influence work motivation. The study was conducted using a cross sectional study. Sources of data are taken from primary data consisting of questionnaires and secondary data data from the labor force ¬laundry in kelle kleak and shoulders of the city of Manado. This study uses observational analytic methods. With an approximate amount of 70 laundry workers, this analysis is done by testing the fisher statistics exactly which value is ρ. <0.05, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. Based on the results of the statistical analysis the results of ρ. = 0.028 (ρ. <0.05), which means that it relates to work stress and feeling of getting a job. and the results obtained ρ. = 0.017 (ρ. <0.05). Keywords: Work Stress, Work Motivation, Feelings of Fatigue Wor

Structure and Stability of Keplerian MHD Jets

MHD jet equilibria that depend on source properties are obtained using a simplified model for stationary, axisymmetric and rotating magnetized outflows. The present rotation laws are more complex than previously considered and include a Keplerian disc. The ensuing jets have a dense, current-carrying central core surrounded by an outer collar with a return current. The intermediate part of the jet is almost current-free and is magnetically dominated. Most of the momentum is located around the axis in the dense core and this region is likely to dominate the dynamics of the jet. We address the linear stability and the non-linear development of instabilities for our models using both analytical and 2.5-D numerical simulation's. The instabilities seen in the simulations develop with a wavelength and growth time that are well matched by the stability analysis. The modes explored in this work may provide a natural explanation for knots observed in astrophysical jets.Comment: 35 pages, accepted by the Ap

Dynamics and Structure of Three-Dimensional Trans-Alfvenic Jets. II. The Effect of Density and Winds

Two three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of strongly magnetized conical jets, one with a poloidal and one with a helical magnetic field, have been performed. In the poloidal simulation a significant sheath (wind) of magnetized moving material developed and partially stabilized the jet to helical twisting. The fundamental pinch mode was not similarly affected and emission knots developed in the poloidal simulation. Thus, astrophysical jets surrounded by outflowing winds could develop knotty structures along a straight jet triggered by pinching. Where helical twisting dominated the dynamics, magnetic field orientation along the line-of-sight could be organized by the toroidal flow field accompanying helical twisting. On astrophysical jets such structure could lead to a reversal of the direction of Faraday rotation in adjacent zones along a jet. Theoretical analysis showed that the different dynamical behavior of the two simulations could be entirely understood as a result of dependence on the velocity shear between jet and wind which must exceed a surface Alfven speed before the jet becomes unstable to helical and higher order modes of jet distortion.Comment: 25 pages, 15 figures, in press Astrophysical Journal (September

A New Solution to the Plasma Starved Event Horizon Magnetosphere: Application to the Forked Jet in M87

© 2018 ESO. Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics. Content in the UH Research Archive is made available for personal research, educational, and non-commercial purposes only. Unless otherwise stated, all content is protected by copyright, and in the absence of an open license, permissions for further re-use should be sought from the publisher, the author, or other copyright holder.Very Long Baseline Interferometry observations at 86 GHz reveal an almost hollow jet in M87 with a forked morphology. The detailed analysis presented here indicates that the spectral luminosity of the central spine of the jet in M87 is a few percent of that of the surrounding hollow jet 200-400 μ as from the central black hole. Furthermore, recent jet models indicate that a hollow "tubular" jet can explain a wide range of plausible broadband spectra originating from jetted plasma located within ~30 μ as of the central black hole, including the 230 GHz correlated flux detected by the Event Horizon Telescope. Most importantly, these hollow jets from the inner accretion flow have an intrinsic power capable of energizing the global jet out to kiloparsec scales. Thus motivated, this paper considers new models of the event horizon magnetosphere (EHM) in low luminosity accretion systems. Contrary to some models, the spine is not an invisible powerful jet. It is an intrinsically weak jet. In the new EHM solution, the accreted poloidal magnetic flux is weak and the background photon field is weak. It is shown how this accretion scenario naturally results in the dissipation of the accreted poloidal magnetic flux in the EHM not the accumulation of poloidal flux required for a powerful jet. The new solution indicates less large scale poloidal magnetic flux (and jet power) in the EHM than in the surrounding accretion flow and cannot support significant EHM driven jets.Peer reviewe

Radiatively inefficient MHD accretion-ejection structures

We present magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a resistive accretion disk continuously launching transmagnetosonic, collimated jets. We time-evolve the full set of magnetohydrodynamic equations, but neglect radiative losses in the energetics (radiatively inefficient). Our calculations demonstrate that a jet is self-consistently produced by the interaction of an accretion disk with an open, initially bent large-scale magnetic field. A constant fraction of heated disk material is launched in the inner equipartition disk regions, leading to the formation of a hot corona and a bright collimated, super-fastmagnetosonic jet. We illustrate the complete dynamics of the ``hot'' near steady-state outflow (where thermal pressure $\simeq$ magnetic pressure) by showing force balance, energy budget and current circuits. The evolution to this near stationary state is analyzed in terms of the temporal variation of energy fluxes controlling the energetics of the accretion disk. We find that unlike advection-dominated accretion flow, the energy released by accretion is mainly sent into the jet rather than transformed into disk enthalpy. These magnetized, radiatively inefficient accretion-ejection structures can account for under-luminous thin disks supporting bright fast collimated jets as seen in many systems displaying jets (for instance M87).Comment: Astrophysical Journal (in press). Figures are missing due to file size restrictions. To have the complete paper just click on http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/~fcasse/MS56638.pd

Structure and functional characterization of pyruvate decarboxylase from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus

BACKGROUND: Bacterial pyruvate decarboxylases (PDC) are rare. Their role in ethanol production and in bacterially mediated ethanologenic processes has, however, ensured a continued and growing interest. PDCs from Zymomonas mobilis (ZmPDC), Zymobacter palmae (ZpPDC) and Sarcina ventriculi (SvPDC) have been characterized and ZmPDC has been produced successfully in a range of heterologous hosts. PDCs from the Acetobacteraceae and their role in metabolism have not been characterized to the same extent. Examples include Gluconobacter oxydans (GoPDC), G. diazotrophicus (GdPDC) and Acetobacter pasteutrianus (ApPDC). All of these organisms are of commercial importance. RESULTS: This study reports the kinetic characterization and the crystal structure of a PDC from Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus (GdPDC). Enzyme kinetic analysis indicates a high affinity for pyruvate (KM 0.06 mM at pH 5), high catalytic efficiencies, pHopt of 5.5 and Topt at 45 degrees C. The enzyme is not thermostable (T of 18 minutes at 60 degrees C) and the calculated number of bonds between monomers and dimers do not give clear indications for the relatively lower thermostability compared to other PDCs. The structure is highly similar to those described for Z. mobilis (ZmPDC) and A. pasteurianus PDC (ApPDC) with a rmsd value of 0.57 A for C? when comparing GdPDC to that of ApPDC. Indole-3-pyruvate does not serve as a substrate for the enzyme. Structural differences occur in two loci, involving the regions Thr341 to Thr352 and Asn499 to Asp503. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study of the PDC from G. diazotrophicus (PAL5) and lays the groundwork for future research into its role in this endosymbiont. The crystal structure of GdPDC indicates the enzyme to be evolutionarily closely related to homologues from Z. mobilis and A. pasteurianus and suggests strong selective pressure to keep the enzyme characteristics in a narrow range. The pH optimum together with reduced thermostability likely reflect the host organisms niche and conditions under which these properties have been naturally selected for. The lack of activity on indole-3-pyruvate excludes this decarboxylase as the enzyme responsible for indole acetic acid production in G. diazotrophicus.IS

3D MHD Simulations of Laboratory Plasma Jets

Jets and outflows are thought to be an integral part of accretion phenomena and are associated with a large variety of objects. In these systems, the interaction of magnetic fields with an accretion disk and/or a magnetized central object is thought to be responsible for the acceleration and collimation of plasma into jets and wider angle flows. In this paper we present three-dimensional MHD simulations of magnetically driven, radiatively cooled laboratory jets that are produced on the MAGPIE experimental facility. The general outflow structure comprises an expanding magnetic cavity which is collimated by the pressure of an extended plasma background medium, and a magnetically confined jet which develops within the magnetic cavity. Although this structure is intrinsically transient and instabilities in the jet and disruption of the magnetic cavity ultimately lead to its break-up, a well collimated, knotty jet still emerges from the system; such clumpy morphology is reminiscent of that observed in many astrophysical jets. The possible introduction in the experiments of angular momentum and axial magnetic field will also be discussed.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science for Special Issue High Energy Density Laboratory Astrophysics Conferenc

Todas as criaturas do mundo: a arte dos mapas como elemento de orientação geográfica

Vague in the outlines and abounding in figures of real or fabulous creatures, the iconography of medieval maps played a significant role in helping users to recognize lands that were virtually unknown to Christendom. In a world with no reliable latitudes and longitudes, the land contours, inhabitants and even certain elements of fauna and flora could become variables of utmost importance for geographic orientation. Notwithstanding the higher levels of precision achieved in their efforts to represent geographic space, the considerable advancements made in latitude determination, and their continuous pursuit of a practical method for the establishment of longitudes, the cartographers of the Age of Discoveries still went to the trouble of depicting notable elements - whether real or imaginary - to help travelers get their bearings around different regions of the globe. As the presence of Europeans continued to expand and an authentic scientific revolution took place in the 17th century, the lengthy notes and eye¿catching representations of nature and local inhabitants soon lost their utility as points of reference on 17th-century maps to become mere accessories of aesthetic and commercial value. The advent of the 18th century consolidated, once and for all, the transformation of such illustrations into essentially decorative elements with no other relevant role to play in mapmaking. In addition to decreasing in number, the figures became more stylized and moved to the borders of the maps as ornamental motifs. Although they often maintained some sort of relation with the geographic space depicted on the map, the motifs chosen could also constitute a rather independent element. In fact, allegories, compositions with a variety of mythological figures, and historical representations were often used to underscore the power of certain political agents