Women’s Compiled Scores in Early Film Music

In this essay I address an area of cinematic musical development where the importance of women’s contributions has gone un(der) noticed: the compiled score, a film score created for early film primarily from pre-existing pieces, in both its written and recorded varieties. I examine written and recorded compiled scores created by Hazel Burnett, Alice Smythe Burton Jay, and Carrie Hetherington. All three were music directors at some of the largest motion picture houses in the United States between 1908 and 1927, but despite their contributions to cinema music, they are today unknown. Jay and Hethering-ton were also entrepreneurs whose desire for better musical accompaniment for motion pictures eventually led them from compiling written scores to developing the technology and processes necessary for creating recorded compilations for automated instruments for use in the early cinema

Evaluierung im Radverkehr: Praxishandbuch

Die Bedeutung des Radverkehrs in Deutschland nimmt rasant zu. Immer mehr Menschen nutzen das Fahrrad für ihre Alltags- und Freizeitwege. Auch die Radverkehrsplanung erfährt einen stetig wachsenden Stellenwert mit dem Ziel, zusammenhängende Radverkehrsnetze zu schaffen. Den Kommunen und öffentlich-rechtlichen Körperschaften bieten sich neue Förder- und Finanzierungsmöglichkeiten für Infrastrukturmaßnahmen, aber auch für Kommunikations- und Marketingaktivitäten. Mit der zunehmenden Bedeutung des Radverkehrs und den damit verbundenen Aktivitäten der Radverkehrsförderung vor Ort stellt sich gleichzeitig die Frage nach dem Erfolg der Maßnahmen. Evaluationen können einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten, Stärken und Schwächen der Radverkehrsförderung zu erkennen und liefern Verwaltung und Politik eine wichtige Grundlage für zukünftige Entscheidungen. Gleichzeitig fördern sie die Transparenz und bieten Fakten und Argumente für die Kommunikationvon radverkehrsbezogenen Projekten. Evaluationen tragen somit effektiv zur Realisierung von fahrradfreundlichen Städten und Kommunen mit nachhaltigen Verkehrsstrukturen bei. Das vorliegende Praxishandbuch soll kommunalen Planerinnen und Planern sowie der interessierten Öffentlichkeit eine anwendungsfreundliche und niedrigschwellige Hilfestellung in der Evaluation von Radverkehrsprojekten liefern. Neben einer Anleitung zur Erstellung eines Evaluationskonzepts werden u.a. Erhebungsmethoden im Radverkehr vorgestellt und die Anwendung an Beispielen veranschaulicht. Das Praxishandbuch ist im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts RADeval an der Technischen Universität Dresden entstanden und wurde aus Mitteln zur Umsetzung des Nationalen Radverkehrsplans vom Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur gefördert.:0. Einleitung 0.1. Warum gibt es diesen Leitfaden? 0.2. Aufbau des Leitfadens 1. Evaluierung: grundlegende Begriffe und Abgrenzungen 1.1. Was steckt hinter dem Begriff „Evaluierung“? 1.2. Fokus der Evaluierung 1.3. Welchen Nutzen haben Evaluierungen? 2. Was ist eine Wirkungsevaluierung? 2.1. Was bedeutet „Wirkung“? 2.2. Einbindung einer Evaluierung in die Planung 3. Schritt für Schritt zum Evaluierungskonzept 3.1. Schritt 1: Analyse der Ausgangssituation 3.2. Schritt 2: Festlegung der Projektziele 3.3. Schritt 3: Beschreibung der Wirklogik eines Projekts 3.4. Schritt 4: Erarbeitung der Wirkungsindikatoren 3.5. Schritt 5: Auswahl des Erhebungsdesigns 3.6. Schritt 6: Planung der Erhebung 4. Erhebungsmethoden im Radverkehr 4.1. Zählungen zur Erhebung des Radverkehrsaufkommens 4.2. Messung von Geschwindigkeiten 4.3. Erhebung von Wartezeiten 4.4. Befragung von Radfahrenden 4.5. Methoden zur Erhebung und Bewertung der Verkehrssicherheit 4.6. Abschätzung der Wirkungen auf den Klimaschutz 4.7. Abschätzung der mit dem Radfahren verbundenen Gesundheitswirkungen 5. Evaluierung konkret – Praxisbeispiele 5.1. Beispiel für die Evaluierung von Strategien und Förderprogrammen 5.2. Beispiele für die Evaluierung von Baumaßnahmen 5.3. Beispiele für die Evaluierung von Service- und regulativen Maßnahmen 6. Weitere Ressourcen 6.1. Typische Ziele der Radverkehrsförderung 6.2. Prototypische Wirklogiken 6.3. Typische Kenngrößen von Erhebungen im Radverkehr 7. Literaturverzeichni

A comparison of the revised Delirium Rating Scale (DRS–R98) and the Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) in a palliative care cohort with DSM–IV delirium

Objective: Assessment of delirium is performed with a variety of instruments, making comparisons between studies difficult. A conversion rule between commonly used instruments would aid such comparisons. The present study aimed to compare the revised Delirium Rating Scale (DRS–R98) and Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale (MDAS) in a palliative care population and derive conversion rules between the two scales. Method: Both instruments were employed to assess 77 consecutive patients with DSM–IV delirium, and the measures were repeated at three-day intervals. Conversion rules were derived from the data at initial assessment and tested on subsequent data. Results: There was substantial overall agreement between the two scales [concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) = 0.70 (CI95 = 0.60–0.78)] and between most common items (weighted κ ranging from 0.63 to 0.86). Although the two scales overlap considerably, there were some subtle differences with only modest agreement between the attention (weighted κ = 0.42) and thought process (weighted κ = 0.61) items. The conversion rule from total MDAS score to DRS–R98 severity scores demonstrated an almost perfect level of agreement (r = 0.86, CCC = 0.86; CI95 = 0.79–0.91), similar to the conversion rule from DRS–R98 to MDAS. Significance of results: Overall, the derived conversion rules demonstrated promising accuracy in this palliative care population, but further testing in other populations is certainly needed

Relação genética entre cepas de Neisseria meningitidis sorogrupo B sorotipo 4

We compared the results obtained by serotyping of PorB epitopes using an expanded panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) including mAb 7 and mAb 10, with results obtained by RFLP of rRNA genes (ribotyping). The purpose of this study was to assess the correlation between phenotypic- and genotypic- methods for typing N. meningitidis. The ribotypes obtained using ClaI or EcoRV endonucleases grouped the strains in seven and two different patterns, respectively. This additional characterization of PorB epitopes improved the correlation between these two methods of typing N. meningitidis.Nós comparamos os resultados obtidos pela sorotipagem usando um painel de anticorpos monoclonais (mAb) ao qual se incluíam os mAbs 7 e 10, com os resultados obtidos pelo RFLP do gene rRNA (ribotipagem). O propósito deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação entre os métodos fenotípico e genotípico de tipagem de N. meningitidis. Os ribotipos obtidos usando as endonucleases de restrição ClaI e EcoRV foram hábeis em dividir as cepas em sete e dois diferentes perfis de restrição, respectivamente. A caracterização adicional de epítopos na proteína PorB melhorou a correlação entre os dois métodos de tipagem de N. meningitidis

IgE and T cell reactivity to a comprehensive panel of cockroach allergens in relation to disease

IgE sensitization to cockroach allergens is associated with development of allergic diseases, such as asthma. To understand the relevance of different cockroach allergens for diagnosis and immunotherapy, a comprehensive analysis of IgE antibody levels and T cell reactivity to an expanded set of cockroach allergens and their relationship to disease was performed in a cohort of USA cockroach sensitized patients. IgE antibody levels to recombinant chitinase and hemocyanin were measured for 23 subjects by custom-made ImmunoCAPs and compared with IgE levels to eight cockroach allergens we previously reported for the same cohort

Sustained productivity in recombinant Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cell lines: proteome analysis of the molecular basis for a process-related phenotype

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The ability of mammalian cell lines to sustain cell specific productivity (Qp) over the full duration of bioprocess culture is a highly desirable phenotype, but the molecular basis for sustainable productivity has not been previously investigated in detail. In order to identify proteins that may be associated with a sustained productivity phenotype, we have conducted a proteomic profiling analysis of two matched pairs of monoclonal antibody-producing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines that differ in their ability to sustain productivity over a 10 day fed-batch culture.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Proteomic profiling of inherent differences between the two sets of comparators using 2D-DIGE (Difference Gel Electrophoresis) and LC-MS/MS resulted in the identification of 89 distinct differentially expressed proteins. Overlap comparisons between the two sets of cell line pairs identified 12 proteins (AKRIB8, ANXA1, ANXA4, EIF3I, G6PD, HSPA8, HSP90B1, HSPD1, NUDC, PGAM1, RUVBL1 and CNN3) that were differentially expressed in the same direction.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>These proteins may have an important role in sustaining high productivity of recombinant protein over the duration of a fed-batch bioprocess culture. It is possible that many of these proteins could be useful for future approaches to successfully manipulate or engineer CHO cells in order to sustain productivity of recombinant protein.</p

Monitoreo a los procesos y síntesis jurisprudencial en materia de restitución de tierras para la reparación de pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Colombia 2011-2020

The count of the victims within the armed conflict in Colombia demonstrated the colossal undertaking that meant reparation to all the victims of the conflict. In the midst of this dynamic, indigenous peoples and communities have been exposed to events that have turned them into victims both individually and collectively, and for this reason, susceptible to reparation. Within this context, with Law 1448 of 2011, Decree-Law 4633 of 2011 and the concordant legal instruments generated in the peace agreements, relevant actions of differential reparation have been promoted and in particular in terms of land restitution, whose genealogy It is always related to these victimizing acts: forced displacement, confinement, dispossession and abandonment of land. This article aims to monitor the status of land restitution processes, their trajectory and main advances in administrative, judicial and post-ruling matters, along with a synthesis of the rulings of land restitution judges during the 2011-2020 period. The methodology used corresponds to a qualitative documentary study that uses figures and data from official sources as units of analysis, as well as judicial pronouncements, which allow determining the status of land restitution processes and their jurisprudential evolution in the aforementioned period. As a result of the investigation, the magnitude of the victimizing acts and their victims are identified through figures; On the other hand, the data corresponding to the state of land restitution processes at the administrative and judicial level are presented. Finally, the judicial decisions of land judges from 2011 to 2020 are synthesized, showing their main legal and interpretative foundations that identify patterns of judicial decision within the restitution of lands for indigenous peoples and communities in Colombia, without forgetting the difficulties that are interposed for the full restoration of their rights, namely: lack of institutional coordination, mining and energy interests, second occupants, threats to security and the reappearance of new situations of violence and appropriation of resources.El conteo de las víctimas dentro del conflicto armado en Colombia demostró la colosal empresa que significaba reparar a todas las víctimas del conflicto. En medio de esta dinámica, los pueblos y comunidades indígenas han estado expuestas a eventos que los han convertido en víctimas tanto de forma individual como colectiva, y por tal motivo, susceptibles de ser reparados. Dentro de este contexto con la Ley 1448 de 2011, el Decreto-Ley 4633 de 2011 y los instrumentos jurídicos concordantes generados en los acuerdos de paz, se han propiciado acciones relevantes de reparación diferencial y en particular en materia de restitución de tierras, cuya genealogía siempre se relaciona con estos hechos victimizantes: desplazamiento forzado, confinamiento, despojo y abandono de tierras. Este artículo pretende monitorear el estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras, su trayectoria y principales avances en materia administrativa, judicial y posfallo, junto con una síntesis de las sentencias de los jueces de restitución de tierras durante el periodo 2011-2020. La metodología utilizada corresponde a un estudio cualitativo de corte documental que utiliza como unidades de análisis, cifras y datos de fuentes oficiales, así como pronunciamientos judiciales, que permiten determinar el estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras y su evolución jurisprudencial en el periodo mencionado. Como resultado de la investigación se identifican mediante cifras la magnitud de los hechos victimizantes y sus víctimas; de otra parte, se presentan los datos correspondientes al estado de los procesos de restitución de tierras a nivel administrativo y judicial. Finalmente, se sintetizan las decisiones judiciales de los jueces de tierras desde 2011 a 2020, mostrando sus principales fundamentos jurídicos e interpretativos que identifican patrones de decisión judicial dentro de la restitución de tierras para pueblos y comunidades indígenas en Colombia, sin olvidar, las dificultades que se interponen para el pleno restablecimiento de sus derechos a saber: falta de coordinación institucional, intereses mineros y energéticos, segundos ocupantes, amenazas a la seguridad y reaparición de  nueva situaciones de violencia y apropiación de recursos

Liver X receptor inhibition potentiates mitotane induced adrenotoxicity in ACC

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive malignancy with a poor outcome largely due to limited treatment options. Here, we propose a novel therapeutic approach through modulating intracellular free cholesterol via the liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) in combination with current first line pharmacotherapy, mitotane. H295R and MUC-1 ACC cell lines were pretreated with LXRα inhibitors in combination with mitotane. In H295R, mitotane (20, 40, 50µM) induced dose-dependent cell death, however, in MUC-1 this only occurred at a supratherapeutic concentration (200µM). LXRα inhibition potentiated mitotane-induced cytotoxicity in both cell lines. This was confirmed through use of the CompuSyn model which showed moderate pharmacological synergism and was indicative of apoptotic cell death via an increase in annexinV and cleaved-caspase 3 expression. Inhibition of LXRα was confirmed through downregulation of cholesterol efflux pumps ABCA1 and ABCG1, however, combination treatment with mitotane attenuated this effect. Intracellular free cholesterol levels were associated with increased cytotoxicity in H295R (r2=0.5210) and MUC-1 (r2=0.9299) cells. While both cell lines exhibited similar levels of free cholesterol at baseline, H295R were cholesterol ester rich whereas MUC-1 were cholesterol ester poor. We highlight the importance of LXRα mediated cholesterol metabolism in the management of ACC, drawing attention to its role in the therapeutics of mitotane sensitive tumours. We also demonstrate significant differences in cholesterol storage between mitotane sensitive and resistant disease.</jats:p

Simultaneous monitoring of CMV and human herpesvirus 6 infections and diseases in liver transplant patients: one-year follow-up

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to simultaneously monitoring cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6 active infections using nested-polymerase chain reaction and, together with clinical findings, follow the clinical status of patients undergoing liver transplant. INTRODUCTION: The human &#946;-herpesviruses, including cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6, are ubiquitous among human populations. Active infections of human herpesvirus 6 and cytomegalovirus are common after liver transplantation, possibly induced and facilitated by allograft rejection and immunosuppressive therapy. Both viruses affect the success of the transplant procedure. METHODS: Thirty patients submitted to liver transplant at the Liver Transplant Unit, at the Gastro Center, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil, were studied prospectively from six months to one year, nested-polymerase chain reaction for cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6 DNA detections. Two or more consecutive positive nested-polymerase chain reaction were considered indicative of active infection. RESULTS: Active infection by cytomegalovirus was detected in 13/30 (43.3%) patients, median time to first cytomegalovirus detection was 29 days after transplantation (range: 0-99 days). Active infection by human herpesvirus 6 was detected in 12/30 (40%) patients, median time to first human herpesvirus 6 detection was 23.5 days after transplantation (range: 0-273 days). The time-related appearance of each virus was not statistically different (p = 0.49). Rejection of the transplanted liver was observed in 16.7% (5/30) of the patients. The present analysis showed that human herpesvirus 6 and/or cytomegalovirus active infections were frequent in liver transplant recipients at our center. CONCLUSIONS: Few patients remain free of betaherpesviruses after liver transplantation. Most patients presenting active infection with more than one virus were infected sequentially and not concurrently. Nested-polymerase chain reaction can be considered of limited value for clinically monitoring cytomegalovirus and human herpesvirus 6