Kritiske bemærkninger til artikel af Henning Bergenholtz, Helle Dam og Torben Henriksen i Hermes 5 - 1990, side 127-136

No abstract

Den selektive specialordbog

Den selektive spedalordbog er en oversættelsesordbog, der fokuserer på underområder inden for fagsproglige enkeltfag. I kraft af det selektive tilsnit, kan ordbogen både være slank og alligevel samtidig satse på høj kvalitet. Makro- og mikrostruktur kan således med fordel indrettes specifikt for hver enkelt ordbog. For at kunne arbejde med fremstilling af sådanne ordbøger som undervisningsdiciplin, er det nØdvendigt at have meget klare kriterier for det selektive emnes afgrænsning. Disse problemer diskuteres i lyset af to selektive ordbøger, hver med sin specifikke struktur

Genveje i den elektroniske bilingvale ordbog illustreret ved hjælp af man -> you, one, we, they og syntaktiske løsninger

Short cuts in an electronic bilingual dictionary illustrated by man ÷ you, one, we, they andsyntactic solutions. Generally speaking, advanced language students in Denmark fail to tacklethe non-existence of a full equivalent of the Danish indefinite pronoun man competently whenexpressing themselves in English – they heavily overuse the partial equivalent you. German andFrench have similar pronouns: man and on, but their dictionaries, just like Danish-producedEnglish grammars, make a better point of warning and of offering solutions than do most Danish-English active dictionaries. On the basis of the combined material from dictionaries andgrammars, this paper provides a suggestion for a flow chart for the Danish lemma man, intendedfor an electronic, dynamic, active Danish-English dictionary with links to external sources suchas corpora and word lists

False friends som pop-up-funktion

SammendragHer præsenteres den ide at elektroniske ordbøger vil kunne afhjælpe den leksikalske faldgrube der hedder falske venner, dvs. fremmedsprogsord der ligner ord i ens eget sprog, men betyder noget andet på det fremmede sprog, og som derfor er lumske og kan få pinlige og måske endda katastrofale følger. Falske venner bør kunne indfanges med en elektronisk tjekker på samme måde som stavefejl kan indfanges. Dette indlæg er ikke et gennemført projekt til en tjekker, men et pilotstudie

Leksikalsk materiale fra sekundære kilder og ophavsret

This subject is important in the light of the growing number of machine-readable dictionaries because they are secondary sources that are easy to copy from for inclusion in new dictionaries (Svensén 1993:62). This paper will take its starting point in the question of how much lexical material can be drawn from secondary sources such as other dictionaries for the inclusion in a new dictionary without risking to infringe upon the copyrights of others; but in particular it will focus on how we can represent what and how much we want to draw, or how much we think might have been drawn from another secondary source for the use in a new dictionary? Two Danish English LSP dictionaries have been used for the illustration of practical attempts at such comparison

Prospective observational cohort study on grading the severity of postoperative complications in global surgery research

Background The Clavien–Dindo classification is perhaps the most widely used approach for reporting postoperative complications in clinical trials. This system classifies complication severity by the treatment provided. However, it is unclear whether the Clavien–Dindo system can be used internationally in studies across differing healthcare systems in high- (HICs) and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods This was a secondary analysis of the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), a prospective observational cohort study of elective surgery in adults. Data collection occurred over a 7-day period. Severity of complications was graded using Clavien–Dindo and the simpler ISOS grading (mild, moderate or severe, based on guided investigator judgement). Severity grading was compared using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Data are presented as frequencies and ICC values (with 95 per cent c.i.). The analysis was stratified by income status of the country, comparing HICs with LMICs. Results A total of 44 814 patients were recruited from 474 hospitals in 27 countries (19 HICs and 8 LMICs). Some 7508 patients (16·8 per cent) experienced at least one postoperative complication, equivalent to 11 664 complications in total. Using the ISOS classification, 5504 of 11 664 complications (47·2 per cent) were graded as mild, 4244 (36·4 per cent) as moderate and 1916 (16·4 per cent) as severe. Using Clavien–Dindo, 6781 of 11 664 complications (58·1 per cent) were graded as I or II, 1740 (14·9 per cent) as III, 2408 (20·6 per cent) as IV and 735 (6·3 per cent) as V. Agreement between classification systems was poor overall (ICC 0·41, 95 per cent c.i. 0·20 to 0·55), and in LMICs (ICC 0·23, 0·05 to 0·38) and HICs (ICC 0·46, 0·25 to 0·59). Conclusion Caution is recommended when using a treatment approach to grade complications in global surgery studies, as this may introduce bias unintentionally

The surgical safety checklist and patient outcomes after surgery: a prospective observational cohort study, systematic review and meta-analysis

© 2017 British Journal of Anaesthesia Background: The surgical safety checklist is widely used to improve the quality of perioperative care. However, clinicians continue to debate the clinical effectiveness of this tool. Methods: Prospective analysis of data from the International Surgical Outcomes Study (ISOS), an international observational study of elective in-patient surgery, accompanied by a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature. The exposure was surgical safety checklist use. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and the secondary outcome was postoperative complications. In the ISOS cohort, a multivariable multi-level generalized linear model was used to test associations. To further contextualise these findings, we included the results from the ISOS cohort in a meta-analysis. Results are reported as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals. Results: We included 44 814 patients from 497 hospitals in 27 countries in the ISOS analysis. There were 40 245 (89.8%) patients exposed to the checklist, whilst 7508 (16.8%) sustained ≥1 postoperative complications and 207 (0.5%) died before hospital discharge. Checklist exposure was associated with reduced mortality [odds ratio (OR) 0.49 (0.32–0.77); P\u3c0.01], but no difference in complication rates [OR 1.02 (0.88–1.19); P=0.75]. In a systematic review, we screened 3732 records and identified 11 eligible studies of 453 292 patients including the ISOS cohort. Checklist exposure was associated with both reduced postoperative mortality [OR 0.75 (0.62–0.92); P\u3c0.01; I2=87%] and reduced complication rates [OR 0.73 (0.61–0.88); P\u3c0.01; I2=89%). Conclusions: Patients exposed to a surgical safety checklist experience better postoperative outcomes, but this could simply reflect wider quality of care in hospitals where checklist use is routine

Critical care admission following elective surgery was not associated with survival benefit: prospective analysis of data from 27 countries

This was an investigator initiated study funded by Nestle Health Sciences through an unrestricted research grant, and by a National Institute for Health Research (UK) Professorship held by RP. The study was sponsored by Queen Mary University of London