Human Rights Due Diligence (HRDD) and Human Rights Impact Assessment (HRIA) Best Practices to Corporate Shared Value (CSV): a Case of British Petroleum Tangguh Project in Papua

The Tangguh Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) Project is a planned natural gas development project located in the remote area of Berau-Bintuni Bay in Papua Province, Indonesia. British Petroleum (BP) Tangguh project aims tobe the pioneer in producing natural gas. It can be concluded that BP contributes an innovative approach, bearing in mind to sustainable development, cultural preservation and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, in each of its corporate actions, BP always integrates the value of community, partnership, consultation and corporate responsibility. It is mentioned that through experience and observation, BP as an extractive company, haveestimated the costs of not finding a better mechanism to adjust to social challenges can be higher than the costs of the uncertainties inherent in the trial of new ideas. However, according to International Non-GovernmentalOrganization (NGO), Down to Earth, BP has conducted a series of human rights violations by exploiting natural resources in Papua and restricting Papuans in enjoying their fundamental human rights. If only the BP keeps this Tangguh project in line with its aim to accommodate concerns from the affected surroundings, thus, will surely bring positive changes in BP\u27s corporate shared value

Molecular identification and food source inference of constructive plants, native to the Ophiocordyceps sinensis habitat

Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a precious and effectual Traditional Chinese Medicine, native to Tibetan Plateau. Its development originated from parasitization of Hirsutella sinensis to Hepialus larvae, which was deemed to be of great importance including feeding food habit. Hereby in the present, study on food resource plants and their molecular identification technique were performed by some methods such as vegetation investigation, morphological taxonomy, sequence alignment, phylogenetic inference, primer design and correlation analysis and so on. In consequence, molecular identification system of constructive plants native to the O. sinensis habitat was established, and then feeding food habit of Hepialus pui larvae and its correlation with genesis mechanism of O. sinensis were preliminarily analyzed and discussed. It is very significant for phylogenetic systematicbotany research of plateau plants on a relative large scale, and it is the first time to study feeding food habit of Hepialus larvae and its related infected process on the molecular level.Keywords: Phylogenetic inference, molecular identification, constructive plant, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Hepialus pu

Association between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among health check-up population in Japan: A retrospective cross-sectional study

AimThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between a new metric—metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR)—and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) among Japanese participants who underwent health check-ups.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study that involved participants in a medical health screening program, which was conducted at the Medical Health Check-up Center in Japan. This retrospective study examined the relationship between METS-IR and eGFR among 881 individuals that joined the program between March 1, 2004, and December 31, 2012. Covariates consisted of serum laboratory tests and lifestyle questionnaires. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to explore the association between METS-IR and eGFR. In addition, subgroup and interaction analyses were done based on age, sex, body mass index (BMI), alcohol use, smoking status, and hyperuricemia.ResultsA total of 881 individuals participated in this study. High METS-IR was highly linked with reduced eGFR (adjusted β = -5.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): -7.65 to -2.43), while METS-IR was utilized as a categorical variable inside the multiple regression analysis. A decrease in eGFR of 2.54 units was reported for every 10-unit rise in METS-IR (adjusted β = -2.54, 95% CI: -4.04 to -1.05, P-value = 0.001). Stratified analysis suggested no marked interaction between METS-IR and eGFR across age, sex, BMI, and alcohol consumption groups. However, there was an indication of interaction between METS-IR level, smoking status (P-value = 0.001), and uric level (P-value = 0.011) on eGFR decrease.ConclusionsMETS-IR is remarkably associated with eGFR among the participants who underwent health check-ups in Gifu, Japan. Although more studies are required to prove it, METS-IR could be applied as a monitoring index for early screening, primary prevention, and diagnostic and treatment management strategies for chronic kidney disease

Pholidota chinensis alleviates azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium-induced colorectal carcinogenesis through inhibition of TLR4 and COX-2

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) always progresses to colorectal cancer (CRC) which is the second most frequent cause of death by cancer. It is about 2% of population in the lifetime worldwide who at the risk for development of CRC. Oxaliplatin is an effective anticancer drug used for the treatment of advanced CRC; however, it always causes a robust painful neuropathy. Pholidota chinensis is a Chinese folk herbal medicine which was used for treatment of inflammation such as gastroenteritis, duodenal ulcer and bronchitis.Materials and Methods: The azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) were used to induce the colon tumor of mice. The effect of Pholidota chinensis on colon tumorigenesis was evaluated. Immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colon.Results: Pholidota chinensis can alleviate the colon tumorigenesis. The prevention effects of Pholidota chinensis are similar to oxaliplatin. Specifically, administration of Pholidota chinensis solution suppresses the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2).Conclusion: Our findings suggested that Pholidota chinensis participate in the regulation of colon cancer development through inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and COX-2.Keywords: Pholidota chinensis; colorectal cancer; Toll-like receptor 4; Cyclooxygenase-

PHOLIDOTA CHINENSIS ALLEVIATES AZOXYMETHANE/DEXTRAN SULFATE SODIUM-INDUCED COLORECTAL CARCINOGENESIS THROUGH INHIBITION OF TLR4 AND COX-2

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) always progresses to colorectal cancer (CRC) which is the second most frequent cause of death by cancer. It is about 2% of population in the lifetime worldwide who at the risk for development of CRC. Oxaliplatin is an effective anticancer drug used for the treatment of advanced CRC, however, it always causes a robust painful neuropathy. Pholidota chinensis is a Chinese folk herbal medicine which was used for treatment of inflammation such as gastroenteritis, duodenal ulcer and bronchitis. In the present study, we examined the role of Pholidota chinensis in inflammation-related colon tumorigenesis which was induced by azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in mice. We found that Pholidota chinensis can alleviate the colon tumorigenesis. The prevention effects of Pholidota chinensis is similar to oxaliplatin. Specifically, administration of Pholidota chinensis solution suppresses the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Our findings suggested that Pholidota chinensis participate in the regulation of colon cancer development through inhibiting the expression of TLR4 and COX-2