Study on Corrosion Inhibitor Availability

The scope of study focused on real field database of two pipelines, published literature and laboratory simulation of CO2 corrosion. Laboratory simulation test is based on corrosion inhibitor bubble test protocol in brine 3% NaCl at 40oC and pH5. The result from field data analysis showed that proper implementation of corrosion inhibitor is critical to the integrity of the pipeline

Maximising the Circular Economy and Sustainability Outcomes: An End-of-life Tyre Recycling Outlets Selection Model

The increasing concern for sustainability and longing for the transition into the circular economy has fostered an immense interest in re-configuring the end-of-life tyre supply networks. However, the existing literature is incapable of providing sufficient guidance in regard to the allocation of end-of-life tyre among recycling outlets to maximise the circular economy and sustainability outcomes. Hence, this study aims to propose a comprehensive list of evaluation criteria to rank recycling outlets, and develop an end-of-life tyre outlets selection matrix. A hybrid method is proposed by integrating fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process, fuzzy Technique of Order Preference Similarity to the Ideal Solution, the multi-objective linear programming, and semi-structured interviews. By analysing the empirical data collected from one of the largest European collectors, this study reveals that cement manufacturing, which is the primary recycling outlet, ranks the lowest among the five recycling outlets in terms of the circular economy and sustainability outcome. Nevertheless, synthetic turf manufacturing and moulded objects manufacturing rank the highest in the circular economy and sustainability outcomes, respectively. It is proved that cost and profit are key drivers for recycling outlets selection, subjected to end consumers’ perceptions and the ease of end-of-life tyre processing. The ranking and the performance of recycling outlets also signify the competitive relationship between the circular economy and sustainability as excelling in the circular economy outcome would trade-off sustainability performance

Severe mitral regurgitation in a young female with pansinusitis and bronchiectasis

SummaryPrimary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a disease characterized by symptoms of upper and lower respiratory tract infections due to abnormal structure and function of cilia.Cardiac involvement is characterized by situs inversus (Kartagener's syndrome in PCD) and other congenital cardiovascular abnormalities. We describe a 34-year-old female with a history of recurrent sinusitis and bronchiectasis but without situs inversus or other congenital cardiac anomalies in whom an association between mitral regurgitation secondary to myxoid degeneration and primary ciliary dyskinesia was suggested

Congenital microcephaly

The underlying etiologies of genetic congenital microcephaly are complex and multifactorial. Recently, with the exponential growth in the identification and characterization of novel genetic causes of congenital microcephaly, there has been a consolidation and emergence of certain themes concerning underlying pathomechanisms. These include abnormal mitotic microtubule spindle structure, numerical and structural abnormalities of the centrosome, altered cilia function, impaired DNA repair, DNA Damage Response signaling and DNA replication, along with attenuated cell cycle checkpoint proficiency. Many of these processes are highly interconnected. Interestingly, a defect in a gene whose encoded protein has a canonical function in one of these processes can often have multiple impacts at the cellular level involving several of these pathways. Here, we overview the key pathomechanistic themes underlying profound congenital microcephaly, and emphasize their interconnected nature

Uncontrolled Self-Medication with Venlafaxine in a Patient with Major Depressive Disorder

Antidepressants are known to have no significant ability to cause addiction. However, a recent study showed many individuals with mood disorders self-medicated with antidepressants to relieve symptoms. We report here a male physician, diagnosed five years ago with major depressive disorder, with insomnia, anxiousness, and chest heaviness. He began self-medicating with 150 mg of venlafaxine daily, without any monitoring. During his most recent severe depressive episode, he was taking up to 1,500 mg of venlafaxine daily. Without this medication, he experienced discontinuation syndrome, which included severe anxiety, chest heaviness, and breathing difficulty, and which he judged as indicating a more severely depressed state. He also experienced overdose symptoms, such as hypertension and tachycardia. He attempted suicide with drugs that he possessed. In conclusion, careful monitoring is needed when treating patients with venlafaxine, because its discontinuation syndrome is similar to symptoms of major depressive disorder, and suicidality may result from an overdose

Acute Idiopathic Hemorrhagic Pericarditis with Cardiac Tamponade as the Initial Presentation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

This paper presents a case of cardiac tamponade with idiopathic hemorrhagic pericarditis as the initial symptom of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. A 29-year-old male came to the emergency room with a sudden onset of dizziness. Upon arrival, he was hypotensive although not tachycardic, and his jugular venous pressure was not elevated. His chest X-rays revealed a mild cardiomegaly. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a large amount of pericardial effusion with a diastolic collapse of the right ventricle, a dilated inferior vena cava with little change in respiration, and exaggerated respiratory variation of mitral inflow velocities, representing echocardiographic evidence of cardiac tamponade. After pericardiocentesis, his blood pressure improved to 110/70 mmHg without inotropics support. Serial 12-lead electrocardiograms during hospitalization revealed upwardly concave diffuse ST-segment elevation followed by a T-wave inversion suggestive of acute pericarditis. Pericardial fluid cytology and cultures for bacteria, mycobacteria, adenovirus, and fungus were all negative. HIV enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was positive and confirmed by Western blot. The CD4 cell count was 168/mm3. Finally, the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade due to HIV-associated hemorrhagic pericarditis was made. It was concluded that HIV infection should be considered in the diagnosis of unexplained pericardial effusion or cardiac tamponade in Korea