3,417 research outputs found
Ancient Martian Floods in a Plausible Variable Climatic Environment as Revealed from the Sequential Growth of Allan Hills 84001 Carbonate Globules
No abstract available
Onset of Thermogravitational Convection in a Ferrofluid Layer with Temperature Dependent Viscosity
The onset of thermogravitational convection in a horizontal ferrofluid layer is investigated with viscosity depending exponentially on temperature. The bounding surfaces of the ferrofluid layer are considered to be either stress free or rigid-ferromagnetic and insulated to temperature perturbations. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved numerically using the Galerkin technique and also by a regular perturbation technique for different types of velocity boundary conditions, namely free-free, rigid-rigid, and lower rigid- upper free. It is observed that increasing the viscosity parameter, ÎÎ, and the magnetic number, M1M1, is to hasten the onset of ferroconvection, while the nonlinearity of fluid magnetization, M3M3, is found to have no influence on the stability of the system. The critical stability parameters are found to be the same in the limiting cases of either no magnetic forces or no buoyancy forces
Effect of Coriolis Force on BĂ©nardâMarangoni Convection in a Rotating Ferrofluid Layer with MFD Viscosity
The simultaneous effect of Coriolis force due to
rotation and magnetic field dependent (MFD) viscosity on
the onset of BĂ©nard-Marangoni convection in a horizontal
ferrofluid layer in the presence of a uniform vertical magnetic
field is studied. The lower boundary is rigid while the
upper free boundary is open to the atmosphere and at which
the temperature-dependent surface tension effect is allowed
for. The Galerkin technique is employed to extract the critical
stability parameters numerically. The results show that
the onset of BĂ©nard-Marangoni ferroconvection is delayed
with an increase in the MFD viscosity parameter , Taylor
number T a, magnetic susceptibility Ï and Biot number
Bi but opposite is the case with an increase in the value of
magnetic numberM1 and nonlinearity of fluid magnetization
M3. Further, increase inM1, M3 and decrease in , T a,
Ï and Bi is to decrease the size of the convection cells.
Comparisons of results between the present and the existing
ones are made under the limiting conditions and good
agreement is found
Ferromagnetic convection in a rotating ferrofluid saturated porous layer
The effect of Coriolis force on the onset of ferromagnetic convection in a rotating horizontal ferrofluid satd. porous layer in the presence of a uniform vertical magnetic field is studied. The boundaries are considered to be either stress free or rigid. The modified Brinkman-âForchheimer-âextended Darcy equation with fluid viscosity different from effective viscosity is used to characterize the fluid motion. The condition for the occurrence of direct and Hopf bifurcations is obtained anal. in the case of free boundaries, while for rigid boundaries the eigenvalue problem has been solved numerically using the Galerkin method. Contrary to their stabilizing effect in the absence of rotation, increasing the ratio of viscosities, Î, and decreasing the Darcy no. Da show a partial destabilizing effect on the onset of stationary ferromagnetic convection in the presence of rotation, and some important observations are made on the stability characteristics of the system. Moreover, the similarities and differences between free-âfree and rigid-ârigid boundaries in the presence of buoyancy and magnetic forces together or in isolation are emphasized in triggering the onset of ferromagnetic convection in a rotating ferrofluid satd. porous layer. For smaller Taylor no. domain, the stress-âfree boundaries are found to be always more unstable than in the case of rigid boundaries. However, this trend is reversed at higher Taylor no. domain because the stability of the stress-âfree case is increased more quickly than the rigid case
User guide for the Biosphere Isotope Domains GB (Version 1) dataset and web portal
This report is a user guide for the Biosphere Isotope Domains GB (V1) dataset, which includes (1) a GIS layer for strontium, sulphur and oxygen isotopes (2) datasets of strontium and sulphur isotope measurements from samples across the Great Britain - published separately and available via BGS and (3) a web portal for viewing and querying the data. A description of the data, methodology and assumptions used in the construction of the Biosphere Isotope Domains GB map is included in the associated publications for strontium (Evans, 2018) and sulphur (Chenery, 2018). The primary application of such datasets is for determining the provenance of skeletal material; although the data may also be of use in modern traceability studies of fauna and flora
A high-throughput approach developing lithium-niobium-tantalum oxides as electrolyte/cathode interlayers for high-voltage all-solid-state lithium batteries
The ever-increasing interest in sustainable mobility is driving the development of innovative batteries with increased energy densities relative to currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries. All-solid-state batteries using 5 V-class positive electrodes are one of those batteries due to their larger volumetric energy density and their superior durability. However, their power density tends to be limited by the large charge transfer resistance at their electrolyte/5 V-electrode interfaces; one explanation for this is the development of significant Li+ deficient layers at the interface. Here we propose a new interlayer material that would effectively resolve the Li+ deficient layers. The partially-crystallized Li56Nb22Ta22 oxide was identified using the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) based high-throughput physical vapor deposition (HT-PVD) approach. Its higher ionic conductivity of 4.2 ?S cm?1 and higher permittivity of 165 when measured at 254 kHz, relative to those of conventional LiNbO3 interlayer (1.8 ?S cm?1 and 95, respectively) will be effective for fast charge transfer reactions at the electrolyte /cathode interfaces in 5 V-class all-solid-state batteries
Performance of distributed mechanisms for flow admission in wireless adhoc networks
Given a wireless network where some pairs of communication links interfere
with each other, we study sufficient conditions for determining whether a given
set of minimum bandwidth quality-of-service (QoS) requirements can be
satisfied. We are especially interested in algorithms which have low
communication overhead and low processing complexity. The interference in the
network is modeled using a conflict graph whose vertices correspond to the
communication links in the network. Two links are adjacent in this graph if and
only if they interfere with each other due to being in the same vicinity and
hence cannot be simultaneously active. The problem of scheduling the
transmission of the various links is then essentially a fractional, weighted
vertex coloring problem, for which upper bounds on the fractional chromatic
number are sought using only localized information. We recall some distributed
algorithms for this problem, and then assess their worst-case performance. Our
results on this fundamental problem imply that for some well known classes of
networks and interference models, the performance of these distributed
algorithms is within a bounded factor away from that of an optimal, centralized
algorithm. The performance bounds are simple expressions in terms of graph
invariants. It is seen that the induced star number of a network plays an
important role in the design and performance of such networks.Comment: 21 pages, submitted. Journal version of arXiv:0906.378
Long term verification of glucose-insulin regulatory system model dynamics
doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403269Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients increases the
risk of further complications and mortality. A long-term
verification of a model that captures the essential glucose- and
insulin-kinetics is presented, using retrospective data gathered
in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The model uses only two
patient specific parameters, for glucose clearance and insulin
sensitivity. The optimization of these parameters is
accomplished through a novel integration-based fitting
approach, and a piecewise linearization of the parameters. This
approach reduces the non-linear, non-convex optimization
problem to a simple linear equation system. The method was
tested on long-term blood glucose recordings from 17 ICU-patients,
resulting in an average error of 7%, which is in the
range of the sensor error. One-hour predictions of blood
glucose data proved acceptable with an error range between 7-
11%. These results verify the modelâs ability to capture longterm
observed glucose-insulin dynamics in hyperglycaemic
ICU patients
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