Promoción de la Cultura cubana en los futuros estomatólogos

La defensa de la identidad cultural en los momentos actuales, exige una atención priorizada y un abordaje responsable por parte de la sociedad en su conjunto, y debe ser centro, por tanto, de la labor de Extensión Universitaria. El artículo aborda experiencias relacionadas con el objetivo de perfeccionar la labor de promoción de la Cultura Cubana en los futuros profesionales de la Estomatología, mediante la realización de un diagnóstico cuyos resultados permitieron el diseño de una estrategia para el enfrentamiento de las dificultades detectadas. Para la realización del diagnóstico se aplicaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemáticos, entre ellos: entrevistas a expertos, la observación, el análisis de documentos, cuestionarios a alumnos de nuevo ingreso de los cursos 2003-2004 y 2004-2005; así como determinar los porcentajes en las pruebas aplicadas. Los resultados del diagnóstico demostraron la existencia, en una parte del alumnado, de insuficiencias de carácter comunicacional y con respecto a los conocimientos sobre Cultura Cubana; lo que manifestó la necesidad de contar con un sistema de actividades y acciones, más coherente e integrador para el enfrentamiento de las insuficiencias detectadas. A partir de estos resultados se estructuró --y ejecuta actualmente-- en la Facultad de Estomatología, un sistema de actividades curriculares y extracurriculares, docentes y extradocentes, y una Programación de actividades, en perfeccionamiento constante, para favorecer una acción más integradora y sistemática de la Facultad en su conjunto, y una participación más activa y consciente de la comunidad universitaria en el logro del objetivo propuesto. Palabras clave: Extensión Universitaria, promoción cultural, Cultura Cubana, identidad. </span

Terminación anticipada en la etapa intermedia y la celeridad procesal de los juzgados penales de Santa Anita, 2021

El objetivo del presente estudio fue explicar el impacto de la terminación anticipada durante la etapa intermedia en la celeridad procesal de los juzgados penales de Santa Anita, 2021. Asimismo, el enfoque de investigacion fue cualitativa porque se buscó señalar las características del objeto estudiado, de tipo básica porque se buscó incrementar los conocimientos dentro de un campo de estudio, con diseño de la teoría fundamentada porque se buscó comprender como los grupos sociales construyeron interpretaciones sobre el problema de investigacion. Se obtuvo como resultado que la aplicación de la terminación anticipada tiene parámetros para ser aprobada y mejora la productividad del juzgado dándole también celeridad procesal a otros procesos. Como conclusión se tuvo que la aplicación de la terminación anticipada en la etapa intermedia mejora la celeridad procesal de los juzgados penales de Santa Anita, asimismo ello reduce la carga procesal y aumenta la productividad del juzgado. Y que el buen consenso de las partes procesales tuvo como como efecto la aprobación de la terminación anticipada y por consecuencia una sentencia célere, lo cual causo que otros procesos también puedan ser resueltos o atendidos a la brevedad por los juzgados penales de Santa Anita

Benthic foraminifera show some resilience to ocean acidification in the northern Gulf of California, Mexico.

The version on PEARL: Corrected proofs are Articles in Press that contain the authors' corrections. Final citation details, e.g., volume/issue number, publication year and page numbers, still need to be added and the text might change before final publication. Although corrected proofs do not have all bibliographic details available yet, they can already be cited using the year of online publication and the DOI , as follows: author(s), article title, journal (year), DOIExtensive CO2 vents have been discovered in the Wagner Basin, northern Gulf of California, where they create large areas with lowered seawater pH. Such areas are suitable for investigations of long-term biological effects of ocean acidification and effects of CO2 leakage from subsea carbon capture storage. Here, we show responses of benthic foraminifera to seawater pH gradients at 74-207m water depth. Living (rose Bengal stained) benthic foraminifera included Nonionella basispinata, Epistominella bradyana and Bulimina marginata. Studies on foraminifera at CO2 vents in the Mediterranean and off Papua New Guinea have shown dramatic long-term effects of acidified seawater. We found living calcareous benthic foraminifera in low pH conditions in the northern Gulf of California, although there was an impoverished species assemblage and evidence of post-mortem test dissolution

Determination of Cross-Sectional Area of Focused Picosecond Gaussian Laser Beam

Measurement of the waist diameter of a focused Gaussian-beam at the 1/e(sup 2) intensity, also referred to as spot size, is key to determining the fluence in laser processing experiments. Spot size measurements are also helpful to calculate the threshold energy and threshold fluence of a given material. This work reports an application of a conventional method, by analyzing single laser ablated spots for different laser pulse energies, to determine the cross-sectional area of a focused Gaussian-beam, which has a nominal pulse width of approx. 10 ps. Polished tungsten was used as the target material, due to its low surface roughness and low ablation threshold, to measure the beam waist diameter. From the ablative spot measurements, the ablation threshold fluence of the tungsten substrate was also calculated

Determination of Trace Silicone Contamination on Composites by Quantitative XPS and LIBS

Surface treatment and surface characterization techniques are critical to ensure that adherends are chemically activated and free of contaminants prior to adhesive bonding. Silicone contamination from mold-release agents and other sources can interfere with interfacial bonding, decreasing the durability and performance of bonded composite structures. Tools and methods are needed that can be used in a production environment to reliably detect low levels of contaminants in a rapid, simple, and cost-effective manner to improve bond reliability. In this work, surface characterization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was performed using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the results were compared with those obtained from X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The objective was to investigate the ability to quantify the surface species measured by LIBS since it offers many advantages over XPS in terms of ease of use, sample preparation, and real-time results. The as-processed CFRP panels had trace surface silicone contamination from the fabrication process, the source of which was not investigated. The composites were laser treated at select average laser power levels, resulting in varying levels of contamination reduction. The Si atomic percentage measurements using XPS were conducted both before and after laser ablation. The XPS results were compared with those obtained from LIBS to assess the reliability of each technique for surface contaminant characterization. The results showed an excellent correlation in Si atomic concentration between the two techniques

Surface Characterization of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers by Picosecond Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Adhesive bonding of composite materials requires reliable monitoring and detection of surface contaminants as part of a vigorous quality control process to assure robust and durable bonded structures. Surface treatment and effective monitoring prior to bonding are essential in order to obtain a surface which is free from contaminants that may lead to inferior bond quality. In this study, the focus is to advance the laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique by using pulse energies below 100 J (LIBS) for the detection of low levels of silicone contaminants in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Various CFRP surface conditions were investigated by LIBS using 10 ps, 355 nm laser pulses with pulse energies below 30 J. Time-resolved analysis was conducted to optimize the gate delay and gate width for the detection of the C I emission line at 247.9 nm to monitor the epoxy resin matrix of CFRP composites and the Si I emission line at 288.2 nm for detection of silicone contaminants in CFRP. To study the surface sensitivity to silicone contamination, CFRP surfaces were coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the active ingredient in many mold release agents. The presence of PDMS was studied by inspecting the Si I emission lines at 251.6 nm and 288.2 nm. The measured PDMS areal densities ranged from 0.15 to 2 g/cm(sup 2). LIBS measurements were performed before and after laser surface ablation. The results demonstrate the successful detection of PDMS thin layers on CFRP using picosecond LIBS

Optimization of Picosecond Laser Parameters for Surface Treatment of Composites Using a Design of Experiments (DOE) Approach

Based on guidelines from the Federal Aviation Administration, research supported by the NASA Advanced Composites Project is investigating methods to improve process control for surface preparation and pre-bond surface characterization on aerospace composite structures. The overall goal is to identify high fidelity, rapid, and reproducible surface treatments and surface characterization methods to reduce the uncertainty associated with the bonding process. The desired outcome is a more reliable bonded airframe structure, and to reduce time to achieve certification. In this work, a design of experiments (DoE) approach was conducted to determine optimum laser ablation conditions using a pulsed laser source with a nominal pulse width of 10 picoseconds. The laser power, frequency, scan speed, and number of passes (1 or 2) were varied within the laser system operating boundaries. Aerospace structural carbon fiber reinforced composites (Torayca 3900-2/T800H) were laser treated, then characterized for contamination, and finally bonded for mechanical testing. Pre-bond characterization included water contact angle (WCA) using a handheld device, ablation depth measurement using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and silicone contamination measurement using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). In order to accommodate the large number of specimens in the DoE, a rapid-screening, double cantilever beam (DCB) test specimen configuration was devised based on modifications to ASTM D5528. Specimens were tested to assess the failure modes observed under the various laser surface treatment parameters. The models obtained from this DoE indicated that results were most sensitive to variation in the average laser power. Excellent bond performance was observed with nearly 100% cohesive failure for a wide range of laser parameters. Below about 200 mW, adhesive failure was observed because contamination was left on the surface. For laser powers greater than about 600 mW, large amounts of fiber were exposed, and the failure mode was predominately fiber tear

Impact evaluation of competitiveness of bean production in Costa Rica

Durante la cosecha del año agrícola 2000/2001, se evaluaron los cambios producidos por la influencia de la competitividad entre los agentes económicos involucrados en la actividad frijolera de Costa Rica. Se analizó el entorno nacional, identificando los principales hechos relevantes de la competitividad ejercida durante el proceso de apertura del comercio internacional; mientras que, el entorno regional se estudió mediante un censo de la población de los productores de frijol de la Subregión de Santa Rosa de Pocosol (representando más del 60% del área de siembra de frijol la Región Huetar Norte). Se cotejó el comportamiento socioeconómico de la actividad con respecto al primer censo obtenido en esa misma zona durante la cosecha 1994/1995. Del entorno nacional se presentan resultados de las siguientes variables: el precio del producto, el desarrollo organizacional, las políticas arancelarias y la producción nacional; mientras que respecto al entorno regional la producción, sistemas de siembra, semilla, tenencia de la tierra, costos de producción y organización de los productores.The changes produced by the influence of the competitiveness on the economic agents involved in the bean production in Costa Rica were analyzed and evaluated during the harvesting of the crop year 2000-2001. The national surrounding was studied, identifying the main relevant facts that merged as result of the competitiveness, introduced through the process of the international trade aperture. The regional surrounding were studied through a population census of bean growers at the Subregion of Santa Rosa de Pocosol, which is representative of the Region Huetar Norte, with a participation of over 60% of the bean planted area in the latter five years. The social-economical behavior of the activity was collated to the first census conducted in the same zone during the years 1994-1995. The results were presented from the following variables about the national surrounding: price of good, organizational development, tariff policies and national production; and with respect to the regional surroundings: regional production, planting systems, seed, land tenure, production costs and organization of growers.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Agroalimentarias::Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM