Efecto del ultrasonido en la limpieza del sistema de conductos radiculares: revisión de literatura

The cleaning of root canal system is one of the principal factors in determining the success of endodontic treatment. Thus, complementary irrigation to the instrumentation plays a fundamental role in the removal of bacteria, dentin remains and therapeutic materials. In addition, the irrigation method is primordial to ensure the cleaning efficiency of the root canal system; it can be performed manually by syringe and needle, but also by using specific devices for this purpose, such as ultrasound. The objective of this study was to perform a review of the literature on the effect of ultrasound on the cleaning of root canal system. An electronic search was performed in the PubMed, LILACS and Cochrane Library databases, with the terms "passive ultrasonic irrigation", "root canal" and "endodontic irrigation". Articles were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was concluded that passive ultrasonic irrigation is effective as the elimination of bacteria, calcium hydroxide, dentin debris and smear layer, using sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) as an irrigating solution, thus allowing an optimization in the cleaning of root canal system.La limpieza del sistema de conductos radiculares constituye uno de los principales factores para determinar el éxito del tratamiento endodóntico. Por lo tanto, la irrigación complementaria a la instrumentación juega un papel fundamental en la eliminación de las bacterias, restos de dentina y materiales terapéuticos. Además, el método de irrigación es fundamental para garantizar la eficiencia en la limpieza del sistema de conductos radiculares, que puede realizarse manualmente con una jeringa y una aguja, también utilizando dispositivos específicos para esta finalidad, como el ultrasonido. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión de literatura sobre el efecto del ultrasonido en la limpieza del sistema de conductos radiculares. Una búsqueda eletrónica fue realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, LILACS y Cochrane Library, con los términos: “passive ultrasonic irrigation”, “root canal” y “endodontic irrigation”. Los artículos fueron seleccionados a partir de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se concluyó que la irrigación ultrasónica pasiva es eficaz en relación a la eliminación de bacterias, hidróxido de calcio, restos dentinarios y smear layer, utilizándose hipoclorito de sodio (NaOCl) como solución de irrigación, permitiendo así una optimización en la limpieza del sistema de conductos radiculares

Esthetic prevention with soft tissue and biomaterial grafts

Gingival recessions are periodontal defects that may need the association of surgical techniques in order to be successfully treated. The absence of treatment of these defects may lead to local esthetics being compromised, patient dissatisfaction, and reduced time and duration of treatment. When dealing with dental implants, the esthetic condition is no different, with the aggravating factor that the lack of this protective tissue may accelerate vestibular bone loss and lead to loss of the implant. The clinical case presented report the performance of a conjunctive tissue grafting technique, associated with vestibular filling with biomaterial, to prevent a gingival recession in an immediate implant with immediate loading. The aim of the procedure was to prevent gingival recession, which would lead to a severe esthetic defect, and also to reinforce the vestibular bone wall. After three years of follow-up of the case, it was possible to conclude that the association of thetechniques had predictable and satisfactory results for preventing periimplant gingival recession

ENTRENAMIENTO DE POSTURA EN PACIENTES PORTADORES DE DISFUNCIONES TEMPORO-MANDIBULARES

El objetivo de este trabajo fue el de realizar una revisión de literatura con el fin de identificar las alteraciones de posturales consecuentes de la Disfunción Temporomandibular y el tratamiento fisioterapéutico con entrenamiento postural. La metodología empleada fue una revisión bibliográfica por intermedio del sistema Medline y Lilacs, entre los años de 1993 y 2003, además de otros artículos y textos considerados importantes para este trabajo. Después de la lectura crítica fueron identificados dos temas: Las Disfunciones Temporomandibulares y su relación con la postura; las Disfunciones Temporomandibulares y el tratamiento fisioterapéutico por ejercicios y entrenamiento de postura. Conclusión: las alteraciones posturales pueden estar relacionadas a la Disfunción Temporomandibular y el uso de tratamiento fisioterapéutico con entrenamiento postural puede obtener resultados positivos.RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão da literatura a fim de se obter um levantamento sobre quais alterações posturais sao decorrentes da Disfunção Temporomadibular e sua correlação com o tratamento fisioterapêutico e treino de postura. A metodologia empregada foi um levantamento bibliográfico realizado pelo sistema Medline e Lilacs, entre 1993 e 2003, além de outros artigos e textos considerados importantes para este trabalho. Após leitura crítica foram identificados dois temas: As Disfunções Temporomandibulares e sua relação com a postura; as Disfunções Temporomandibulares e o tratamento fisioterapêutico por exercícios e treino de postura. Conclusão: as alterações posturais podem estar relacionadas à Disfunção Temporomandibular, e o tratamento fisioterapêutico com treino de postura pode-se obter resultados positivos.ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to present survey on posture alterations due to Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction and the related Physiotherapy treatment using posture training. The employed methodology was based on a large survey from 1993 to 2003 over well known datbases like Medline and Lilacs. Two main issues are present in almost all articles: how Dysfunction Temporomandibular Joint and posture are related and the Dysfunction Temporomandibular Joint treatment using training and exercises. The was observed that physiotherapy treatment using training and exercises was help patients to decrease the symptoms and, as a consequence, their posture

Imagens, analogias, modelos e charge : distintas abordagens no ensino de química envolvendo o tema polímeros.

No presente trabalho, a equipe do PIBID Química da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto proporcionou, aos alunos da educação básica da região, a participação ativa no processo de construção do conceito de polímeros. Para a execução da proposta, foi solicitado aos alunos que selecionassem imagens por meio da internet. A partir daí, atividades desenvolvidas pelos alunos do PIBID baseadas em analogias, modelos e charge foram usadas com o intuito de proporcionar uma ampla discussão sobre simbologia e estrutura em química, ligação química e sobre questões importantes para todos os cidadãos como reciclagem e uso consciente de matéria-prima

Proposed nomenclature for Pseudallescheria, Scedosporium and related genera

As a result of fundamental changes in the International Code of Nomenclature on the use of separate names for sexual and asexual stages of fungi, generic names of many groups should be reconsidered. Members of the ECMM/ISHAM working group on Pseudallescheria/Scedosporium infections herein advocate a novel nomenclature for genera and species in Pseudallescheria, Scedosporium and allied taxa. The generic names Parascedosporium, Lomentospora, Petriella, Petriellopsis, and Scedosporium are proposed for a lineage within Microascaceae with mostly Scedosporium anamorphs producing slimy, annellidic conidia. Considering that Scedosporium has priority over Pseudallescheria and that Scedosporium prolificans is phylogenetically distinct from the other Scedosporium species, some name changes are proposed. Pseudallescheria minutispora and Petriellidium desertorum are renamed as Scedosporium minutisporum and S. desertorum, respectively. Scedosporium prolificans is renamed as Lomentospora prolificans.10 page(s

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data