CAR-associated vesicular transport of an adenovirus in motor neuron axons.

Axonal transport is responsible for the movement of signals and cargo between nerve termini and cell bodies. Pathogens also exploit this pathway to enter and exit the central nervous system. In this study, we characterised the binding, endocytosis and axonal transport of an adenovirus (CAV-2) that preferentially infects neurons. Using biochemical, cell biology, genetic, ultrastructural and live-cell imaging approaches, we show that interaction with the neuronal membrane correlates with coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) surface expression, followed by endocytosis involving clathrin. In axons, long-range CAV-2 motility was bidirectional with a bias for retrograde transport in nonacidic Rab7-positive organelles. Unexpectedly, we found that CAR was associated with CAV-2 vesicles that also transported cargo as functionally distinct as tetanus toxin, neurotrophins, and their receptors. These results suggest that a single axonal transport carrier is capable of transporting functionally distinct cargoes that target different membrane compartments in the soma. We propose that CAV-2 transport is dictated by an innate trafficking of CAR, suggesting an unsuspected function for this adhesion protein during neuronal homeostasis

Nanostructured manganese dioxides: Synthesis and properties as supercapacitor electrode materials

International audienceLow-cost layered manganese oxides with the rancieite structural type were prepared by reduction of KMnO4 or NaMnO4 in acidic aqueous medium, followed or not by successive proton- and alkali-ion-exchange reactions. Samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, BET surface area measurements, thermal analyses and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. As a result of successive exchange steps, compounds with high surface area (reaching 200 m(2) g(-1)) can be obtained, and in the case of syntheses made with KMnO4, the alpha-MnO2 phase is formed. Capacitive properties of the synthesized materials were studied using potentiodynamic cycling in K2SO4. Correlations between the electrochemical and the physicochemical properties of the samples were investigated. The interesting conclusion is that the morphology and the size of the particles influence directly the capacitance, and that among the samples presenting the best morphology, the compounds derived from K-containing rancieite-type compounds (and containing alpha-MnO2) present a better cycleability

Characteristics and performance improvement of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells based on BaIn(0.)3Ti(0.7)O(2.85) (BIT07) as electrolyte, BIT07-Ni as anode and La(0.58)Sr(0.4)Co(0.2)Fe(0.8)O(3-delta) (LSCF) as cathode

International audienceThis study deals with the electrochemical performance of anode supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on perovskite-type materials: BaIn0.3Ti0.7O2.85 (BIT07) as electrolyte, BIT07-Ni as a cermet anode and La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF) as cathode. Anode/electrolyte assemblies have been realised by tape casting and co-firing and the cathode has been deposited by screen-printing. The performance of BIT07-Ni/BIT07/LSCF cells has been determined at 700 °C under humidified (3% H2O) hydrogen as fuel and air as oxidant. Two cells, with different electrolyte thicknesses: 23 and 11 μm, have been tested and they exhibited power densities at 0.7 V around 209 and 336 mW cm−2, respectively. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) measurements have also been carried out and allowed to differentiate between the series and polarisation resistances

Electricity production from lignocellulosic biomass by direct coupling of a gasifier and a Nickel/Yttria-stabilized Zirconia-based solid oxide fuel cell. Part 1: From gas production to direct electricity production

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Electrochemical Study of a SOFC with Various H 2 -CO-CH 4 -CO 2 -N 2 Gaseous Mixtures

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Influence of the autocombustion synthesis conditions and the calcination temperature on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of BaCe0.8Zr0.1Y0.1O3−δ electrolyte material

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Evaluation of Ba-2(In0.8Ti0.2)(2)O5.2-n(OH)(2n) as a potential electrolyte material for proton-conducting solid oxide fuel cell

International audienceElectrochemical measurements of fuel cells based on proton conductor electrolyte Ba-2(In0.8Ti0.2)(2) O5.2-n(OH)(2n) and prepared through a tape casting process and a co-pressing of anode-composite powder and electrolyte tape were performed at 500 degree