ACUTA eNews August 1991, Vol. 20, No. 8

In This Issue President\u27s column Business meeting Regional meetings User groups Director\u27s column Workshop in Atlant

Aubusson, Néoux, Moutier-Rozeille, Saint-Alpinien, Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 2732 Date de l'opération : 2007 (PR) Inventeur(s) : Le Hello Gilles (BEN) Nous avons terminé le report des microtoponymes sur l’intégralité du plan cadastral napoléonien correspondant aux cinq communes concernées par la prospection. Ce travail ouvre d’intéressantes perspectives de recherches et, dans un premier temps, a permis de retrouver sur le terrain quatre mas disparus sur la commune de Moutier-Rozeille : Lissol, Malhons, Badohon et Veyrieras p..

Aubusson, Néoux, Moutier-Rozelle, Saint-Alpinien, Saint-Pardoux-le-Neuf

Identifiant de l'opération archéologique : 2662 Date de l'opération : 2006 (PI) Le temps fort de l'année 2006 aura été le sondage sur le site du Pauquet à Moutier-Rozeille, site daté du Néolithique moyen et d'une grande homogénéité. Deux autres thèmes déjà traités au coup par coup lors des années précédentes ont fait l'objet de recherches plus étendues : les mottes castrales et la frontière naturelle gauloise présumée entre Arvernes et Lémovices sur notre secteur de prospection, prolongée ver..

The SuperCam Instrument Suite on the Mars 2020 Rover: Science Objectives and Mast-Unit Description

On the NASA 2020 rover mission to Jezero crater, the remote determination of the texture, mineralogy and chemistry of rocks is essential to quickly and thoroughly characterize an area and to optimize the selection of samples for return to Earth. As part of the Perseverance payload, SuperCam is a suite of five techniques that provide critical and complementary observations via Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS), Time-Resolved Raman and Luminescence (TRR/L), visible and near-infrared spectroscopy (VISIR), high-resolution color imaging (RMI), and acoustic recording (MIC). SuperCam operates at remote distances, primarily 2-7 m, while providing data at sub-mm to mm scales. We report on SuperCam's science objectives in the context of the Mars 2020 mission goals and ways the different techniques can address these questions. The instrument is made up of three separate subsystems: the Mast Unit is designed and built in France; the Body Unit is provided by the United States; the calibration target holder is contributed by Spain, and the targets themselves by the entire science team. This publication focuses on the design, development, and tests of the Mast Unit; companion papers describe the other units. The goal of this work is to provide an understanding of the technical choices made, the constraints that were imposed, and ultimately the validated performance of the flight model as it leaves Earth, and it will serve as the foundation for Mars operations and future processing of the data.In France was provided by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). Human resources were provided in part by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and universities. Funding was provided in the US by NASA's Mars Exploration Program. Some funding of data analyses at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) was provided by laboratory-directed research and development funds

Les fièvres typhoïdes et paratyphoïdes en France entre 2004 et 2009

International audienceBetween 2004 and 2009, 615 cases of typhoid fever, 178 cases of paratyphoid A fever, 82 cases of paratyphoid B fever and 6 cases of paratyphoid C fever were reported in France. The annual incidence of cases notified in metropolitan France was 0.23 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. The sex ratio was 1.1.The average age of the cases was 28 years. In 91% of cases, typhoid fever had been acquired during a stay in endemic areas, mainly in Africa and in the Indian subcontinent. This proportion was 88% for paratyphoid fever.All strains of S. Typhi acquired in North Africa were sensitive to all antibiotics. This sensitivity was only 18% for Asian strains.Several episodes of clustered cases were detected during these six years, thanks to investigations conducted by the local services of the Ministry of Health, in collaboration with the InVS cells in regions and microbiological monitoring conducted with the National Reference Centre for Salmonella.Entre 2004 et 2009, 615 cas de fièvre typhoïde, 178 cas de fièvre paratyphoïde A, 82 cas de fièvre paratyphoïde B et 6 cas de fièvre paratyphoïde C ont été déclarés en France. L'incidence annuelle des cas déclarés en métropole était de 0,23 cas pour 100 000 habitants. Le sexe-ratio était de 1,1. L'âge moyen des cas était de 28 ans.Dans 91% des cas, la fièvre typhoïde avait été acquise lors d'un séjour en zone d'endémie, principalement en Afrique et dans le sous-continent indien. Cette proportion était de 88% pour les fièvres paratyphoïdes.Toutes les souches de S. Typhi acquises en Afrique du Nord étaient sensibles à l'ensemble des antibiotiques. Cette sensibilité n'était que de 18% pour les souches asiatiques.Plusieurs épisodes de cas groupés ont été détectés durant ces 6 années, grâce aux investigations menées par les services extérieurs du ministère chargé de la santé en départements, en collaboration avec les Cellules de l'InVS en régions, et à la surveillance microbiologique menée avec le Centre national de référence des Salmonella

Statement for Doppler waveforms analysis

International audiencePeripheral artery disease of the lower limbs (PAD) is a common disease. Evaluation of PAD is primarily based on non-invasive examinations with analysis of the arterial Doppler signal being a key element. However, the description of arterial Doppler waveforms morphologies varies considerably across medical schools and from country to country. In order to overcome this issue, the French College of Teachers for Vascular Medicine (Collège des Enseignants de Médecine Vasculaire; CEMV) has summarised the published data on Doppler waveforms analysis and proposes a new "Saint-Bonnet" classification system to describe Doppler waveforms morphologies. The simplified Saint-Bonnet classification comprises eight types and allows taking into account if the Doppler signal does not revert to baseline. This classification, which is based on previous classifications, could improve the descriptions of both physiological and pathological waveforms, recorded in lower limb arteries. According to the reviewed literature, recommendations about the use of Doppler waveforms are proposed. This statement is a preamble to reach an international consensus on the subject, which would standardize the description of arterial waveforms and improve the management of PAD patients

Use of multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) in eight European countries, 2012.

International audienceGenotyping of important medical or veterinary prokaryotes has become a very important tool during the last decades. Rapid development of fragment-separation and sequencing technologies has made many new genotyping strategies possible. Among these new methods is multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Here we present an update on the use of MLVA in eight European countries (Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway and Sweden). Researchers in Europe have been active in developing and implementing a large array of different assays. MLVA has been used as a typing tool in several contexts, from aiding in resolving outbreaks of foodborne bacteria to typing organisms that may pose a bioterrorist threat, as well as in scientific studies

Comparison of the Use of Arterial Doppler Waveform Classifications in Clinical Routine to Describe Lower Limb Flow

International audienceBACKGROUND: Characterisation of arterial Doppler waveforms is a persistent problem and a source of confusion in clinical practice. Classifications have been proposed to address the problem but their efficacy in clinical practice is unknown. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of the categorisation rate of Descotes and Cathignol, Spronk et al. and the simplified Saint-Bonnet classifications. METHODS: This is a multicentre prospective study where 130 patients attending a vascular arterial ultrasound were enrolled and Doppler waveform acquisition was performed at the common femoral, the popliteal, and the distal arteries at both sides. Experienced vascular specialists categorized these waveforms according to the three classifications. RESULTS: of 1033 Doppler waveforms, 793 (76.8%), 943 (91.3%) and 1014 (98.2%) waveforms could be categorized using Descotes and Cathignol, Spronk et al. and the simplified Saint-Bonnet classifications, respectively. Differences in categorisation between classifications were significant (Chi squared test, p < 0.0001). Of 19 waveforms uncategorized using the simplified Saint-Bonnet classification, 58% and 84% were not categorized using the Spronk et al. and Descotes and Cathignol classifications, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study suggest that the simplified Saint-Bonnet classification provides a superior categorisation rate when compared with Spronk et al. and Descotes and Cathignol classifications