Особенности влияния условий роста на структурные и оптические свойства пленок Zn0.9Cd0.1O

The influence of the magnetron power and the gas ratio Ar/O2 on the microstructure and the optical properties of Zn0.9Cd0.1O films is studied. The films were deposited with the use of the dc magnetron sputtering technique at a temperature of 250 ◦C. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) researches of a surface morphology demonstrated a strong influence of deposition procedure parameters on the film microstructure. The XRD analysis revealed that all grown films were polycrystalline and single-phase. The increase of the gas ratio Ar/O2 was found to be beneficial for the crystalline structure of Zn0.9Cd0.1O ternary alloys. Peculiarities of the control over the band gap and the surface morphology for Zn0.9Cd0.1O ternary alloys by varying the growth parameters are discussed.Дослiджено вплив потужностi магнетрона i спiввiдношення тискiв робочих газiв Ar/O2 на мiкроструктуру та оптичнi властивостi плiвок Zn0.9Cd0.1O. Плiвки осаджено методом магнетронного розпилювання на постiйному струмi при температурi пiдкладки 250 C. Дослiдження морфологiї поверхнi, здійснені за допомогою атомно-силової мiкроскопiї (АСМ), i рентгено-фазовий аналiз (РФА) виявили сильний вплив технологічних параметрiв осадження на мiкроструктуру плiвок. РФА аналiз показав, що всi вирощенi плiвки є полiкристалiчними i однофазними. Встановлено, що зростання парцiального тиску аргону в газовiй сумiшi Ar/O2 сприятливо впливає на кристалічну структуру твердих розчинiв Zn0.9Cd0.1O. Обговорено особливостi контролю ширини забороненої зони та морфологiї поверхнi твердих розчинiв Zn0.9Cd0.1O шляхом змiни параметрiв вирощування.В работе исследовано влияние мощности магнетрона и соотношения давлений рабочих газов Ar/O2 на микроструктуру и оптические свойства пленок Zn0.9Cd0.1O. Пленки осаждены методом магнетронного распыления на постоянном токе при температуре подложки 250 C. Исследования морфологии поверхности, проведенные с помощью атомно-силовой микроскопии (АСМ), и рентгенофазовый анализ (РФА) выявили сильное влияние технологических параметров роста на микроструктуру пленок. РФА анализ показал, что все выращенные пленки являются поликристаллическими и однофазными. Было установлено, что рост парциального давления аргона в газовой смеси Ar/O2 благоприятно влияет на кристаллическую структуру твердых растворов Zn0;9Cd0;1O. Обсуждены особенности контроля ширины запрещенной зоны и морфологи поверхности твердых растворов Zn0;9Cd0;1O путем изменения параметров осаждени

Персонал как основа и главный ресурс организации

У статті досліджено участь людей у суспільному виробництві, проаналізовано сучасні погляди на управління персоналом. Визначено основну мету процесу управління персоналом на сучасному етапі.The paper investigates people's participation in social production, analyzes the current views of management personnel. Determined the main purpose of the management staff at the present stage.В статье исследовано участие людей в общественном производстве, проанализированы современные взгляды на управление персоналом. Определена основная цель процесса управления персоналом на современном этапе

Основные подходы к управлению персоналом

У даній статті проаналізовано сутність основних підходів до управління персоналом, досліджено роль кадрових відносин в системі управління персоналом. Визначено, що управління людиною в організації виключно складна, але в той же час відповідальна і важлива для організації справа.This paper explores the nature of the main approaches to management, investigated the role of human relations in the system management. Determined that the management person in the organization only difficult, but at the same time responsible and important to the organization right.В данной статье проанализированы сущность основных подходов к управлению персоналом, исследована роль кадровых отношений в системе управления персоналом. Определено, что управление человеком в организации исключительно сложное, но в то же время ответственное и важное для организации дело

Kyiv Meridian Axial Circle Catalogue (KMAC1) of stars in fields with extragalactic radio sources

The catalogue of astrometric (positions, proper motions) and photometric (B, V , R, r', J) data of stars in 192 fields with the ICRF objects has been compiled at the Main Astronomical Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Astronomical Observatory of the Kyiv National University. All fields are located in declination zone from 0° up to +30° ; a nominal field size is 46' (right ascension)×24' (declination). The observational basis of this work is 1100 CCD scans deep to V =17 mag which were obtained with the Kyiv Meridian Axial Circle in 2001–2003 and which contain one million of images. Coordinates of star image centroids have been computed both as the weighted centers of gravity and as the linearized Gaussian profile fitting with unequal weights. Astrometric reductions have included corrections depending on image size fluctuations and position of a star on the CCD frame on the declination axis. A special approach was used for correction of magnitude-dependent errors since images of bright stars were oversaturated. The KMAC1 catalogue is presented in two versions. The KMAC1–T version contains 159 fields (104 796 stars) and was obtained with reduction to the Tycho-2 catalogue. For another 33 fields, the reduction was found to be unreliable due to a low sky density of the Tycho-2 stars. Therefore, transformation the second version of the KMAC1–CU to the ICRF was derived using the UCAC2 and CAMC13 catalogues as reference ones; it contains 115 032 stars in 192 fields and is of slightly better accuracy. As compared with the first version proper motions were derived using the USNOA2.0 catalogue as a first epoch catalogue. An external accuracy (based on comparison with UCAC2 and CMC13) of one catalogue position is about 60–70 mas for 14–15 mag stars. An average value of photometry error is better than 0.1 mag for stars to 16 mag

Optical and structural studies of phase transformations and composition fluctuations at annealing of Zn₁₋xCdxO films grown by dc magnetron sputtering

Ternary Zn₁₋xCdxO (x < 0.12) alloy crystalline films with highly preferred orientation (002) have been successfully deposited on sapphire c-Al₂O₃ substrates using the direct current (dc) reactive magnetron sputtering technique and annealed at temperature 600 °C in air. The structural and optical properties of Zn₁₋xCdxO thin films were systematically studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), micro-Raman and photoluminescent (PL) spectroscopy. XPS measurements clearly confirmed Cd incorporation into ZnO lattice. XRD data revealed that the growth of wurtzite Zn₁₋xCdxO films occurs preferentially in the (002) direction. Also, when the Cd content is increased, the XRD peaks shift towards smaller angles and the full width at half-maximum of the lines increases. When the Cd content increases, LO A1 ( Zn₁₋CdxO )-like Raman modes show composition dependent frequency decrease and asymmetrical broadening. The near band-edge PL emission at room temperature shifts gradually to lower energies as the Cd content increases and reaches 2.68 eV for the highest Cd content (x = 0.12). The analysis of NBE band emission and Raman LO A1 ( Zn₁₋xCdxO ) mode shows that at a higher Cd content the coexistence of Zn₁₋xCdxO areas with different concentrations of Cd inside the same film occurs. The presence of CdO in annealed Zn₁₋xCdxO films with the higher Cd content was confirmed by Raman spectra of cubic CdO nanoinclusions. The XRD data also revealed phase segregation of cubic CdO in annealed Zn₁₋xCdxO films (Tann = 600 °C) for x ≥ 0.013

Web management as a marketing management determinant: case for pharmaceutical enterprises

Nowadays, the online business is fast-growing since it is convenient, more profitable, and less energy-consuming. The changing consumers’ needs force companies and organizations to adjust and modernize their marketing strategies. The authors emphasized that Internet advertising channels would overcome the traditional ones

The Kyiv Meridian Axial Circle Catalogue of stars in fields with extragalactic radio sources

A catalogue of astrometric (positions, proper motions) and photometric (B, V, R, r', J) data of stars in fields with ICRF objects has been compiled at the Observatory of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Kyiv University Observatory. All fields are located in the declination zone from 0 to +30 degrees; the nominal field size is 46' (right ascension) x 24' (declination). The observational basis of this work is 1100 CCD scans down to V=17 mag which were obtained with the Kyiv meridian axial circle in 2001-2003. The catalogue is presented in two versions. The version KMAC1-T contains 159 fields (104 796 stars) and was obtained with reduction to the Tycho2 catalogue. For another 33 fields, due to a low sky density of Tycho2 stars, the reduction was found to be unreliable. Transformation to the ICRF system in the second version of the catalogue (KMAC1-CU) was performed using the UCAC2 and CMC13 catalogues as a reference; it contains 115 032 stars in 192 fields and is of slightly better accuracy. The external accuracy of one catalogue position is about 50-90 mas for V < 15 mag stars. The average error of photometry is better than 0.1 mag for stars down to 16 mag.Comment: 13 pages, 19 figure

Optimization modeling of business processes of engineering service enterprises in the national economy

Purpose. Construction of an economic and mathematical model of the optimal organization of a system of business processes and its testing at an enterprise in the field of engineering services. Methodology. Methods of analysis and synthesis, systematization, theoretical generalization are used to study approaches to optimizing business processes of enterprises; modeling – to create an economic and mathematical model of the optimal organization of the system of business processes; approbation of the developed model at an enterprise in the field of engineering services. Findings. The article proves the need to assess the impact of various economic factors on the financial results of economic activities of enterprises and the construction of business systems of enterprises, economic and mathematical models for their optimization. It has been determined that business process modeling is an effective means of improving quality management systems in accordance with the requirements of the international standard ISO 9001:2015, determining, identifying and minimizing the risks of enterprises, ensuring their successful activities in general. An economic and mathematical model has been developed for the optimal organization of the system of business processes of an enterprise as a means of maximizing the total profit from the implementation of works and services. Originality. An economic and mathematical model of the optimal organization of the system of business processes of enterprises in the field of engineering services has been built as an effective tool for improving their quality management systems and activities in general. Practical value. The use of the constructed economic and mathematical model of the optimal organization of the system of business processes of enterprises in the field of engineering services will provide the management team with important information for making management decisions aimed at improving quality management systems, achieving key business goals and maximizing profits

Isolation of two strains of West Nile virus during an outbreak in southern Russia, 1999.

From July to September 1999, a widespread outbreak of meningoencephalitis associated with West Nile virus (Flavivirus, Flaviviridae) occurred in southern Russia, with hundreds of cases and dozens of deaths. Two strains of West Nile virus isolated from patient serum and brain-tissue samples reacted in hemagglutination-inhibition and neutralization tests with patients' convalescent-phase sera and immune ascites fluid from other strains of West Nile virus

Innovations in Online Advertising Management of Ukrainian Business Entities

The purpose of this article is to substantiate theoretical provisions and develop recommendations for innovative advertising management of enterprises producing biological preparations. The study analyzes the features of the modern Ukrainian market of veterinary products, in particular in the segment of biological products. The authors focus on innovative advertising tools in the industrial sphere. The authors substantiate the importance of the image of biological products producers. The analysis of websites and targeted advertising features in Facebook social network for the producers of this profile are made