445 research outputs found
Russian Binary Meters. Part Two. Chapters 5–6
Part I of Russian Binary Meters, the English translation of Kiril Taranovsky’s classic study Ruski dvodelni ritmovi (Taranovsky 1953), appeared in volume 7.2 (2020) of Studia Metrica et Poetica (pp. 110–176). Part I bears the title (inadvertently omitted from our translation) “Theoretical Bases for the Study of Russian Binary Meters”, and consists of the first four of the book’s nineteen sections. Following are the first two sections of Part II (“Historical Development of the Rhythmic Drive of Russian Binary Meters”), devoted, respectively, to the trochaic and iambic tetrameter. The reader should bear in mind that the numbering of sections and footnotes is continuous with the earlier installment, beginning here with Section 5 and footnote 71
Dynamics of 2D pancake vortices in layered superconductors
The dynamics of 2D pancake vortices in Josephson-coupled
superconducting/normal - metal multilayers is considered within the
time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory. For temperatures close to a
viscous drag force acting on a moving 2D vortex is shown to depend strongly on
the conductivity of normal metal layers. For a tilted vortex line consisting of
2D vortices the equation of viscous motion in the presence of a transport
current parallel to the layers is obtained. The specific structure of the
vortex line core leads to a new dynamic behavior and to substantial deviations
from the Bardeen-Stephen theory. The viscosity coefficient is found to depend
essentially on the angle between the magnetic field and the
axis normal to the layers. For field orientations close to the layers
the nonlinear effects in the vortex motion appear even for slowly moving vortex
lines (when the in-plane transport current is much smaller than the
Ginzburg-Landau critical current). In this nonlinear regime the viscosity
coefficient depends logarithmically on the vortex velocity .Comment: 15 pages, revtex, no figure
The London theory of the crossing-vortex lattice in highly anisotropic layered superconductors
A novel description of Josephson vortices (JVs) crossed by the pancake
vortices (PVs) is proposed on the basis of the anisotropic London theory. The
field distribution of a JV and its energy have been calculated for both dense
() PV lattices with distance
between PVs, and the nonlinear JV core size . It is shown that the
``shifted'' PV lattice (PVs displaced mainly along JVs in the crossing vortex
lattice structure), formed in high out-of-plane magnetic fields transforms into
the PV lattice ``trapped'' by the JV sublattice at a certain field, lower than
, where is the flux quantum, is the
anisotropy parameter and is the distance between CuO planes.
With further decreasing , the free energy of the crossing vortex lattice
structure (PV and JV sublattices coexist separately) can exceed the free energy
of the tilted lattice (common PV-JV vortex structure) in the case of with the in-plane penetration depth if the low
() or high ()
in-plane magnetic field is applied. It means that the crossing vortex structure
is realized in the intermediate field orientations, while the tilted vortex
lattice can exist if the magnetic field is aligned near the -axis and the
-plane as well. In the intermediate in-plane fields
, the
crossing vortex structure with the ``trapped'' PV sublattice seems to settle in
until the lock-in transition occurs since this structure has the lower energy
with respect to the tilted vortex structure in the magnetic field
oriented near the -plane.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in PR
The Victorian Newsletter (Spring 1990)
The Victorian Newsletter is sponsored for the Victorian Group of Modern Language Association by the Western Kentucky University and is published twice annually.Pensée Sauvage at the MLA: Victorian Cultural Imperialism Then and Now / Patrick Brantlinger -- The Power of the Word: Scientific Nomenclature and the Spread of Empire / Harriet Ritvo -- The Anti-Comedy of The Trumpet Major / Richard Nemesvari -- Behind "Golden Barriers": Framing and Taming the Blessed Damozel / Andrew Leng -- Scenes of Marital Life: The Middle March of Extratextual Reading / Monica L. Feinberg -- "The Coronation of the Whirlwind": The Victorian Poetics of Indeterminacy / Lawrence J. Starzyk -- The Dover Switch, Or the New Sexism at "Dover Beach" / Eugene R. August -- Books Receive
AURKB-mediated effects on chromatin regulate binding versus release of XIST RNA to the inactive chromosome
How XIST RNA strictly localizes across the inactive X chromosome is unknown; however, prophase release of human XIST RNA provides a clue. Tests of inhibitors that mimic mitotic chromatin modifications implicated an indirect role of PP1 (protein phosphatase 1), potentially via its interphase repression of Aurora B kinase (AURKB), which phosphorylates H3 and chromosomal proteins at prophase. RNA interference to AURKB causes mitotic retention of XIST RNA, unlike other mitotic or broad kinase inhibitors. Thus, AURKB plays an unexpected role in regulating RNA binding to heterochromatin, independent of mechanics of mitosis. H3 phosphorylation (H3ph) was shown to precede XIST RNA release, whereas results exclude H1ph involvement. Of numerous Xi chromatin (chromosomal protein) hallmarks, ubiquitination closely follows XIST RNA retention or release. Surprisingly, H3S10ph staining (but not H3S28ph) is excluded from Xi and is potentially linked to ubiquitination. Results suggest a model of multiple distinct anchor points for XIST RNA. This study advances understanding of RNA chromosome binding and the roles of AURKB and demonstrates a novel approach to manipulate and study XIST RNA
A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less
Background: The efficacy and safety of adding a protease inhibitor to two nucleoside analogues to
treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
infection are not clear. We compared treatment with
the protease inhibitor indinavir in addition to zidovudine
and lamivudine with treatment with the two nucleosides
alone in HIV-infected adults previously treated
with zidovudine.
Methods: A total of 1156 patients not previously
treated with lamivudine or protease inhibitors were
stratified according to CD4 cell count (50 or fewer vs.
51 to 200 cells per cubic millimeter) and randomly
assigned to one of two daily regimens: 600 mg of zidovudine
and 300 mg of lamivudine, or that regimen
with 2400 mg of indinavir. Stavudine could be substituted
for zidovudine. The primary end point was
the time to the development of the acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS) or death.
Results: The proportion of patients whose disease
progressed to AIDS or death was lower with indinavir,
zidovudine (or stavudine), and lamivudine (6 percent)
than with zidovudine (or stavudine) and lamivudine
alone (11 percent; estimated hazard ratio,
0.50; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.33 to 0.76;
P�0.001). Mortality in the two groups was 1.4 percent
and 3.1 percent, respectively (estimated hazard
ratio, 0.43; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.19 to
0.99; P=0.04). The effects of treatment were similar
in both CD4 cell strata. The responses of CD4 cells
and plasma HIV-1 RNA paralleled the clinical results.
Conclusions: Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine,
and lamivudine as compared with zidovudine and
lamivudine alone significantly slows the progression
of HIV-1 disease in patients with 200 CD4 cells or
fewer per cubic millimeter and prior exposure to zidovudine.
(N Engl J Med 1997;337:725-33.
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