Anschlussstellen zwischen Sprachbildung und adaptiver Lehrkompetenz für den inklusiven Unterricht

Die Autorinnen widmen sich der Bedeutung sprachbildungsbezogener Kompetenzen für professionelles Lehrkräftehandeln im inklusiven Unterricht. Ausgehend von Schnittpunkten und Unterschieden der Konzepte Sprachbildung und Inklusion werden gemeinsame Zielsetzungen sprachsensiblen und adaptiven Unterrichtens identifiziert. Sie zeigen Anschlussstellen zwischen sprachbildnerischem und adaptivem Lehrkräftehandeln auf und erläutern, wie diese in der inklusionssensiblen Lehrkräftebildung nutzbar gemacht werden können. (DIPF/Orig.

Temporal prediction and evaluation of Brassica growth in the field using conditional generative adversarial networks

Farmers frequently assess plant growth and performance as basis for making decisions when to take action in the field, such as fertilization, weed control, or harvesting. The prediction of plant growth is a major challenge, as it is affected by numerous and highly variable environmental factors. This paper proposes a novel monitoring approach that comprises high-throughput imaging sensor measurements and their automatic analysis to predict future plant growth. Our approach’s core is a novel machine learning-based generative growth model based on conditional generative adversarial networks, which is able to predict the future appearance of individual plants. In experiments with RGB time series images of laboratory-grown Arabidopsis thaliana and field-grown cauliflower plants, we show that our approach produces realistic, reliable, and reasonable images of future growth stages. The automatic interpretation of the generated images through neural network-based instance segmentation allows the derivation of various phenotypic traits that describe plant growth

Establishing Student Publication Seminars in Higher Education

A publication seminar is a course (lecture, seminar, project, etc.) during which students create material with the intent and infrastructure to publish it. The publication concept is broadly understood as ‘making the work publicly available’ and is not limited to publications via publishing houses or journals. This handbook results from the "Student Publication Seminars" project (2022-2023) and gives step-by-step instructions and provides checklists for instructors who want to make student course works publicly visible

Einführung studentischer Publikationsseminare an Hochschulen

Ein Publikationsseminar ist eine Lehrveranstaltung (Vorlesung, Seminar, Projekt etc.), in der Studierende Material mit der Absicht und der Infrastruktur erstellen, es zu veröffentlichen. Das Konzept der Ver¨offentlichung soll weitreichend als “die Arbeit öffentlich zugänglich machen” verstanden werden und ist nicht auf Veröffentlichungen über Verlage oder Fachzeitschriften beschränkt. In dieser Handreichung, die aus dem Projekt "Studentische Publikationsseminare" (2022-2023) entstanden ist, fassen wir Erfahrungen aus verschiedenen Lehrveranstaltungen zusammen und geben Hilfestellungen und Checklisten für Lehrende, die es ihren Studierenden ermöglichen wollen, Seminararbeiten etc. öffentlich zu machen

Differences in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways between coastal and interior Douglas-fir seedlings in response to drought

Plants have evolved energy dissipation pathways to reduce photooxidative damage under drought when photosynthesis is hampered. Non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids are involved in non-photochemical quenching of excess light energy and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. A better understanding of trees’ ability to cope with and withstand drought stress will contribute to mitigate the negative effects of prolonged drought periods expected under future climate conditions. Therefore we investigated if Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.)) provenances from habitats with contrasting water availability reveal intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways. In a controlled drought experiment with 1-year-old seedlings of an interior and a coastal Douglas-fir provenance, we assessed the photosynthetic capacity, pool sizes of non-volatile isoprenoids associated with the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as pool sizes and emission of volatile isoprenoids. We observed variation in the amount and composition of non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids among provenances, which could be linked to variation in photosynthetic capacity under drought. The coastal provenance exhibited an enhanced biosynthesis and emission of volatile isoprenoids, which is likely sustained by generally higher assimilation rates under drought. In contrast, the interior provenance showed an enhanced photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus by generally higher amounts of non-volatile isoprenoids and increased amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments under drought. Our results demonstrate that there is intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways among Douglas-fir provenances, which may be important traits when selecting provenances suitable to grow under future climate conditions

Differences in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways between coastal and interior Douglas-fir seedlings in response to drought

Plants have evolved energy dissipation pathways to reduce photooxidative damage under drought when photosynthesis is hampered. Non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids are involved in non-photochemical quenching of excess light energy and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. A better understanding of trees’ ability to cope with and withstand drought stress will contribute to mitigate the negative effects of prolonged drought periods expected under future climate conditions. Therefore we investigated if Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii(Mirb.)) provenances from habitats with contrasting water availability reveal intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways. In a controlled drought experiment with 1-year-old seedlings of an interior and a coastal Douglas-fir provenance, we assessed the photosynthetic capacity, pool sizes of non-volatile isoprenoids associated with the photosynthetic apparatus, as well as pool sizes and emission of volatile isoprenoids. We observed variation in the amount and composition of non-volatile and volatile isoprenoids among provenances, which could be linked to variation in photosynthetic capacity under drought. The coastal provenance exhibited an enhanced biosynthesis and emission of volatile isoprenoids, which is likely sustained by generally higher assimilation rates under drought. In contrast, the interior provenance showed an enhanced photoprotection of the photosynthetic apparatus by generally higher amounts of non-volatile isoprenoids and increased amounts of xanthophyll cycle pigments under drought. Our results demonstrate that there is intraspecific variation in isoprenoid-mediated energy dissipation pathways among Douglas-fir provenances, which may be important traits when selecting provenances suitable to grow under future climate conditions.ISSN:0829-318XISSN:1758-446

Copepod Grazing Influences Diatom Aggregation and Particle Dynamics

In marine ecosystems, carbon export is driven by particle flux which is modulated by aggregation, remineralization, and grazing processes. Zooplankton contribute to the sinking flux through the egestion of fast sinking fecal pellets but may also attenuate the flux by tearing apart phytoplankton aggregates into small pieces through swimming activity or direct ingestion. Freely suspended cells, artificial monospecific aggregates from two different diatom species (Chaetoceros neogracile and Skeletonema marinoi) and natural aggregates of Melosira sp. were independently incubated with five different copepod species (Acartia clausi, Temora longicornis, Calanus helgolandicus, Euterpina acutifrons, and Calanus hyperboreus). During the grazing experiments initiated with free diatoms, E. acutifrons feeding activity evidenced by ingestion rates of 157 ± 155 ng Chl a ind–1 d–1, induced a significant increase of S. marinoi aggregation. Transparent exopolymeric particles (TEP) production was only slightly boosted by the presence of grazers and turbulences created by swimming may be the main trigger of the aggregation processes. All copepods studied were able to graze on aggregates and quantitative estimates led to chlorophyll a ingestion rates (expressed in Chla a equivalent, i.e., the sum of chlorophyll a and pheopigments in their guts) ranging from 4 to 23 ng Chl aeq ind–1 d–1. The relation between equivalent spherical diameters (ESDs) and sinking velocities of the aggregates did not significantly change after grazing, suggesting that copepod grazing did not affect aggregate density as also shown by Si:C and C:N ratios. Three main trends in particle dynamics could be identified and further linked to the copepod feeding behavior and the size ratio between prey and predators: (1) Fragmentation of S. marinoi aggregates by the cruise feeder T. longicornis and of Melosira sp. aggregates by C. hyperboreus at prey to predator size ratios larger than 15; (2) no change of particle dynamics in the presence of the detritic cruise feeder E. acutifrons; and finally (3) re-aggregation of C. neogracile and S. marinoi aggregates when the two filter feeders A. clausi and C. helgolandicus were grazing on aggregate at prey to predator size ratios lower than 10. Aggregation of freely suspended cells or small aggregates was facilitated by turbulence resulting from active swimming of small copepods. However, stronger turbulence created by larger cruise feeders copepods prevent aggregate formation and even made them vulnerable to breakage

Copepod grazing on diatom aggregates: Influences on particles size, sinking velocities and carbon export

International audienceWithin the marine field, zooplankton grazing may contribute to carbon export through faecal pellets emission or delay vertical sinking flux sinking phytoplankton aggregates. To assess this process, artificial monospecific aggregates of two diatom species (Chaetoceros neogracile and Skeletonema marinoi) and natural aggregates of Melosira sp. were incubated with different copepod species (Acartia clausi, Temora longicornis, Calanus helgolandicus, Euterpina acutifrons and Calanus hyperboreus). We measured a direct grazing on aggregates with ingestion rates ranging from 0.39 to 6.71 µg pigment ind-1 d-1. The relation between aggregates equivalent spherical diameters and sinking velocities have not changed, showing that copepods grazing do not affect their densities. Regarding the particle flux, we observed three main trends: 1) Fragmentation: copepods activities increase the number of particles and decrease sinking velocities, the case of incubation with T. longicornis, the number of aggregates per litter increased with significant decrease of aggregates sinking velocities; 2) Re-aggregation: copepods activities increase aggregates size spectra and consequently the sinking velocities, the average size spectra of C. neogracile aggregates significantly increased during incubation with A. clausi but not with E. acutifrons; 3) No impact, when S. marinoi aggregates were incubated with E. acutifrons or C. helgolandicus. Our results showed that copepod grazing could modulate biological pump of carbon through fragmenting or re-aggregating but not through change of aggregate density

Nutrient limitation during diatom growth Influence the copepod grazing and the carbon export

International audienceWithin the marine realm, diatoms play a major role in trophic food web and carbon export. On the other hand, Zooplankton grazing pressure on diatoms may contribute to carbon export through faecal pellets emission in the surface mixed layer or after vertical migration in the mesopelagic layers. Change in the water column stratification induced by global warming should increase the nutrients limitation in the surface ocean. Nitrogen and Silicon limitation during two diatoms growth monospecific culture (Chaetoceros neogracile and Skeletonema marinoi) conducted to a quick modulation of the diatom Si/C ratio and cell chain length of S. marinoi. To assess the influence of zooplankton, grazing incubation with both diatoms and copepods has been performed. Change in Si/C ratio and cell chain length influenced the ingestion rate of three copepods species (Acartia clausi, Calanus helgolandicus and Euterpina acutifrons) and faecal pellets emission and composition. The influence nutrient limitations during diatoms growth on copepods grazing could modulate biological pump of carbon through an increase of aggregates formation within the surface water and export more particles