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Sleep Problems in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder
The purpose of the current study was to examine the effect of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs) on the relationship between sleep problems and externalizing behaviors in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Sixty-six participants with ASD and a mean age of 4 years and their parents participated in the study. Parents reported on their child’s sleep, ASD symptoms, and externalizing behavior during a one-time lab visit. Bivariate correlations and a mediation analysis were conducted to assess the associations between sleep problems, externalizing behavior, and RRB. Results suggested that children with higher scores in measures of RRB had higher scores in sleep problems and externalizing behavior. Results also suggested that RRB partially mediated the relationship between sleep problems and externalizing behavior. Implications for the early identification of sleep and behavior problems, as well as ASD symptoms, are discussed
Thread Counting in Plain Weave for Old Paintings Using Semi-Supervised Regression Deep Learning Models
In this work, the authors develop regression approaches based on deep
learning to perform thread density estimation for plain weave canvas analysis.
Previous approaches were based on Fourier analysis, which is quite robust for
some scenarios but fails in some others, in machine learning tools, that
involve pre-labeling of the painting at hand, or the segmentation of thread
crossing points, that provides good estimations in all scenarios with no need
of pre-labeling. The segmentation approach is time-consuming as the estimation
of the densities is performed after locating the crossing points. In this novel
proposal, we avoid this step by computing the density of threads directly from
the image with a regression deep learning model. We also incorporate some
improvements in the initial preprocessing of the input image with an impact on
the final error. Several models are proposed and analyzed to retain the best
one. Furthermore, we further reduce the density estimation error by introducing
a semi-supervised approach. The performance of our novel algorithm is analyzed
with works by Ribera, Vel\'azquez, and Poussin where we compare our results to
the ones of previous approaches. Finally, the method is put into practice to
support the change of authorship or a masterpiece at the Museo del Prado.Comment: 21 page
“It’s so Cute I Could Crush It!”: Understanding Neural Mechanisms of Cute Aggression
The urge people get to squeeze or bite cute things, albeit without desire to cause harm, is known as “cute aggression.” Using electrophysiology (ERP), we measured components related to emotional salience and reward processing. Participants aged 18–40 years (n = 54) saw four sets of images: cute babies, less cute babies, cute (baby) animals, and less cute (adult) animals. On measures of cute aggression, feeling overwhelmed by positive emotions, approachability, appraisal of cuteness, and feelings of caretaking, participants rated more cute animals significantly higher than less cute animals. There were significant correlations between participants’ self-report of behaviors related to cute aggression and ratings of cute aggression in the current study.N200: A significant effect of “cuteness” was observed for animals such that a larger N200 was elicited after more versus less cute animals. A significant correlation between N200 amplitude and the tendency to express positive emotions in a dimorphous manner (e.g., crying when happy) was observed.RewP: For animals and babies separately, we subtracted the less cute condition from the more cute condition. A significant correlation was observed between RewP amplitude to cute animals and ratings of cute aggression toward cute animals. RewP amplitude was used in mediation models.Mediation Models: Using PROCESS (Hayes, 2018), mediation models were run. For both animals and babies, the relationship between appraisal and cute aggression was significantly mediated by feeling overwhelmed. For cute animals, the relationship between N200 amplitude and cute aggression was significantly mediated by feeling overwhelmed. For cute animals, there was significant serial mediation for RewP amplitude through caretaking, to feeling overwhelmed, to cute aggression, and RewP amplitude through appraisal, to feeling overwhelmed, to cute aggression. Our results indicate that feelings of cute aggression relate to feeling overwhelmed and feelings of caretaking. In terms of neural mechanisms, cute aggression is related to both reward processing and emotional salience
Detection and genotyping of HPV DNA in a group of unvaccinated young women from Colombia : baseline measures prior to future monitoring program
Q2Q1In 2012, Colombia launched human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program for girls ages 9 to 12,
and in 2013, the target age was expanded to 9 to
17 years. Monitoring the changes of HPV infection
prevalence among young women has been proposed
as an endpoint for early assessment of HPV vaccination programs. However, the data on HPV prevalence
in young ages are very limited. The purpose of this
study was to determine the prevalence of HPV infection and the distribution of genotypes in a group of
nonvaccinated women ages 18 to 25 years old in three
Colombian cities as baseline for the monitoring of the
HPV national vaccination program. A total of 1,782
sexually active women were included. Cervical smear
samples were collected to perform the Pap smear and
HPV DNA detection using a Linear Array HPV assay.
Of the 1,782 specimens analyzed, 60.3% were positive for any HPV type; 42.2% were positive for highrisk HPV (HR-HVP) types, and 44.4% for low-risk
HPV (LR-HPV) types. Multiple and single infections
were identified in 37.1% and 23.2% of samples,
respectively. HR-HPV types -16, -52, and -51 were the
most predominant with proportions of 11.3%,
7.92%, and 7.9%, correspondingly. The prevalence
for HR-HPV 16/18 was 14.4%. HR-HPV prevalence in
women with abnormal cytology (75.16%) was higher
than in women with normal cytology (38.6%). In
conclusion, a high prevalence of HR-HPV was
observed among younger women. This HPV typespecific prevalence baseline may be used to monitor
postvaccination longitudinal changes and to determine its impact on HPV-related disease incidence in
Colombia population.https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0610-6477https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7187-9946https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3373-1809https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6295-7316Revista Internacional - Indexad
Corrigendum to “Prostaglandin F2a-induced prostate transmembrane protein, androgen induced 1 mediates ovarian cancer progression increasing epithelial plasticity” [Neoplasia 21 (2019) 1073–1084]
Cellular mechanisms in basic and clinical gastroenterology and hepatolog
Metabolic fate and cardiometabolic effects of phenolic compounds from red-fleshed apple in hypercholesterolemic rats: A comparative study with common white-fleshed apple. The AppleCOR Study
The present study aims to investigate the metabolic fate and the cardiometabolic effects of phenolic compounds provided by a red-fleshed apple variety biofortified in anthocyanins (ACN). Wistar rats are fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to induce hypercholesterolemia and supplemented with red-fleshed apple (HFD+R), white-fleshed apple (HFD+W), or an ACN-rich infusion from aronia fruit (HFD+A) providing matched content and profile of ACN. Plasma biochemical parameters, histological analysis, and phenol biological metabolites are determined. Plasma, urine, and feces show a significant increase of ACN metabolites after HFD+R andHFD+A, while flavan-3-ols are significantly increased after HFD+W and dihydrochalcones derivatives increased after both apples supplementation. A cardioprotective effect sobserved after both apples and aronia infusion supplementation in the reduction of aortic thickness. The kidney function is improved after all supplementations and a decrease in insulin plasma concentration after both apples supplementation (HFD+R andHFD+W) is also observed. The
findings support that ACN without apple matrix can induce cardioprotective effects. ACN or flavan-3-ols, together with dihydrochalcones, compose a phenolic phytocomplex in red- and white-fleshed apples, respectively, which
can act synergistically in the attenuation of cardiovascular outcomes in hypercholesterolemic rats.This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Economy and Competitiveness through the AGL2016-76943-C2-1-R and AGL2016-76943-C2-2-R projects (co-funded by the European Social Fund, European Union). I.A.L. enjoyed a post-doctoral contract (2017PMF-POST2-19) from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement and from the Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV). S.Y. was supported by a grant from the University of Lleida. Ú.C. has a Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS) post-doctoral grant (SLT002/16/00239; Catalunya, Spain) from Generalitat de Catalunya. A.P. enjoys a post-doctoral grant (PTQ-15-08068; Spain). L.R. is a Serra Húnter Fellow. In addition, the authors were grateful to NUFRI SAT (Mollerussa, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain) for providing the red-fleshed apples; to Ana Martínez (Department of Medicine, University of Lleida) for helpful with the histological stains; and finally, to SCT-Estabulari of the University of Lleida where the animal experiment was carried out. A few spelling and layout mistakes were corrected on May 14, 2021
Automatic assessment of transcatheter aortic valve implantation results on four-dimensional computed tomography images using artificial intelligence
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a procedure to treat severe aortic stenosis. There are several clinical concerns related to potential complications after the procedure, which demand the analysis of computerized tomography (CT) scans after TAVI to assess the implant’s result. This work introduces a novel, fully automatic method for the analysis of post-TAVI 4D-CT scans to characterize the prosthesis and its relationship with the patient’s anatomy. The method enables measurement extraction, including prosthesis volume, center of mass, cross-sectional area (CSA) along the prosthesis axis, and CSA difference between the aortic root and prosthesis, all the variables studied throughout the cardiac cycle. The method has been implemented and evaluated with a cohort of 13 patients with five different prosthesis models, successfully extracting all the measurements from each patient in an automatic way. For Allegra patients, the mean of the obtained inner volume values ranged from 10,798.20 mm3 to 18,172.35 mm3, and CSA in the maximum diameter plane varied from 396.35 mm2 to 485.34 mm2. The implantation of this new method could provide information of the important clinical value that would contribute to the improvement of TAVI, significantly reducing the time and effort invested by clinicians in the image interpretation process.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. IN607B-2021/1
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