1,108 research outputs found
High-excitation OH and H_2O lines in Markarian 231: the molecular signatures of compact far-infrared continuum sources
The ISO/LWS far-infrared spectrum of the ultraluminous galaxy Mkn 231 shows
OH and H_2O lines in absorption from energy levels up to 300 K above the ground
state, and emission in the [O I] 63 micron and [C II] 158 micron lines. Our
analysis shows that OH and H_2O are radiatively pumped by the far-infrared
continuum emission of the galaxy. The absorptions in the high-excitation lines
require high far-infrared radiation densities, allowing us to constrain the
properties of the underlying continuum source. The bulk of the far-infrared
continuum arises from a warm (T_dust=70-100 K), optically thick
(tau_100micron=1-2) medium of effective diameter 200-400 pc. In our best-fit
model of total luminosity L_IR, the observed OH and H2O high-lying lines arise
from a luminous (L/L_IR~0.56) region with radius ~100 pc. The high surface
brightness of this component suggests that its infrared emission is dominated
by the AGN. The derived column densities N(OH)>~10^{17} cm^{-2} and
N(H_2O)>~6x10^{16} cm^{-2} may indicate XDR chemistry, although significant
starburst chemistry cannot be ruled out. The lower-lying OH, [C II] 158 micron,
and [O I] 63 micron lines arise from a more extended (~350 pc) starburst
region. We show that the [C II] deficit in Mkn 231 is compatible with a high
average abundance of C+ because of an extreme overall luminosity to gas mass
ratio. Therefore, a [C II] deficit may indicate a significant contribution to
the luminosity by an AGN, and/or by extremely efficient star formation.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical
Journa
Atomic Diagnostics of X-ray Irradiated Protoplanetary Disks
We study atomic line diagnostics of the inner regions of protoplanetary disks
with our model of X-ray irradiated disk atmospheres which was previously used
to predict observable levels of the NeII and NeIII fine-structure transitions
at 12.81 and 15.55mum. We extend the X-ray ionization theory to sulfur and
calculate the fraction of sulfur in S, S+, S2+ and sulfur molecules. For the
D'Alessio generic T Tauri star disk, we find that the SI fine-structure line at
25.55mum is below the detection level of the Spitzer Infrared Spectrometer
(IRS), in large part due to X-ray ionization of atomic S at the top of the
atmosphere and to its incorporation into molecules close to the mid-plane. We
predict that observable fluxes of the SII 6718/6732AA forbidden transitions are
produced in the upper atmosphere at somewhat shallower depths and smaller radii
than the neon fine-structure lines. This and other forbidden line transitions,
such as the OI 6300/6363AA and the CI 9826/9852AA lines, serve as complementary
diagnostics of X-ray irradiated disk atmospheres. We have also analyzed the
potential role of the low-excitation fine-structure lines of CI, CII, and OI,
which should be observable by SOFIA and Herschel.Comment: Accepted by Ap
Outcomes in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected patients initiating therapy with TDF/FTC plus either atazanavir/r or another third recommended drug
POSTER PRESENTATIONInternational audienceN.
A model for atomic and molecular interstellar gas: The Meudon PDR code
We present the revised ``Meudon'' model of Photon Dominated Region (PDR
code), presently available on the web under the Gnu Public Licence at:
http://aristote.obspm.fr/MIS. General organisation of the code is described
down to a level that should allow most observers to use it as an interpretation
tool with minimal help from our part. Two grids of models, one for low
excitation diffuse clouds and one for dense highly illuminated clouds, are
discussed, and some new results on PDR modelisation highlighted.Comment: accepted in ApJ sup
The gas temperature in flaring disks around pre-main sequence stars
A model is presented which calculates the gas temperature and chemistry in
the surface layers of flaring circumstellar disks using a code developed for
photon-dominated regions. Special attention is given to the influence of dust
settling. It is found that the gas temperature exceeds the dust temperature by
up to several hundreds of Kelvins in the part of the disk that is optically
thin to ultraviolet radiation, indicating that the common assumption that
Tgas=Tdust is not valid throughout the disk. In the optically thick part, gas
and dust are strongly coupled and the gas temperature equals the dust
temperature. Dust settling has little effect on the chemistry in the disk, but
increases the amount of hot gas deeper in the disk. The effects of the higher
gas temperature on several emission lines arising in the surface layer are
examined. The higher gas temperatures increase the intensities of molecular and
fine-structure lines by up to an order of magnitude, and can also have an
important effect on the line shapes.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Multichannel quantum-defect theory for ultracold atom-ion collisions
We develop an analytical model for ultracold atom-ion collisions using the
multichannel quantum-defect formalism. The model is based on the analytical
solutions of the r^-4 long-range potential and on the application of a frame
transformation between asymptotic and molecular bases. This approach allows the
description of the atom-ion interaction in the ultracold domain in terms of
three parameters only: the singlet and triplet scattering lengths, assumed to
be independent of the relative motion angular momentum, and the lead dispersion
coefficient of the asymptotic potential. We also introduce corrections to the
scattering lengths that improve the accuracy of our quantum-defect model for
higher order partial waves, a particularly important result for an accurate
description of shape and Feshbach resonances at finite temperature. The theory
is applied to the system composed of a 40Ca+ ion and a Na atom, and compared to
numerical coupled-channel calculations carried out using ab initio potentials.
For this particular system, we investigate the spectrum of bound states, the
rate of charge-transfer processes, and the collision rates in the presence of
magnetic Feshbach resonances at zero and finite temperature.Comment: 39 pages, 21 figure
An Interstellar Conduction Front Within a Wolf-Rayet Ring Nebula Observed with the GHRS
With the High Resolution Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope we
obtained high signal-to-noise (S/N > 200 - 600 per 17 km/s resolution element)
spectra of narrow absorption lines toward the Wolf-Rayet star HD 50896. The
ring nebula S308 that surrounds this star is thought to be caused by a
pressure-driven bubble bounded by circumstellar gas (most likely from a red
supergiant or luminous blue variable progenitor) pushed aside by a strong
stellar wind. Our observation has shown for the first time that blueshifted
(approximately 70 km/s relative to the star) absorption components of C IV and
N V arise in a conduction front between the hot interior of the bubble and the
cold shell of swept-up material. These lines set limits on models of the
conduction front. Nitrogen in the shell appears to be overabundant by a factor
~10. The P Cygni profiles of N V and C IV are variable, possibly due to a
suspected binary companion to HD 50896.Comment: 32 pages, Latex, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal, April, 199
Virological outcomes in ARV-naïve patients switching or not from a first successful boosted PI-regimen to efavirenz, nevirapine or abacavir regimens
International audiencen.
Field-linked States of Ultracold Polar Molecules
We explore the character of a novel set of ``field-linked'' states that were
predicted in [A. V. Avdeenkov and J. L. Bohn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 043006
(2003)]. These states exist at ultralow temperatures in the presence of an
electrostatic field, and their properties are strongly dependent on the field's
strength. We clarify the nature of these quasi-bound states by constructing
their wave functions and determining their approximate quantum numbers. As the
properties of field-linked states are strongly defined by anisotropic dipolar
and Stark interactions, we construct adiabatic surfaces as functions of both
the intermolecular distance and the angle that the intermolecular axis makes
with the electric field. Within an adiabatic approximation we solve the 2-D
Schrodinger equation to find bound states, whose energies correlate well with
resonance features found in fully-converged multichannel scattering
calculations
Value of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure as a prognostic factor of death in the systemic sclerosis EUSTAR population.
The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) estimated by echocardiography in the multinational European League Against Rheumatism Scleroderma Trial and Research (EUSTAR) cohort.Data for patients with echocardiography documented between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2011 were extracted from the EUSTAR database. Stepwise forward multivariable statistical Cox pulmonary hypertension analysis was used to examine the independent effect on survival of selected variables.Based on our selection criteria, 1476 patients were included in the analysis; 87\% of patients were female, with a mean age of 56.3 years (s.d. 13.5) and 31\% had diffuse SSc. The mean duration of follow-up was 2.0 years (s.d. 1.2, median 1.9). Taking index sPAP of 50 mmHg. In a multivariable Cox model, sPAP and the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) were independently associated with the risk of death [HR 1.833 (95\% CI 1.035, 3.247) and HR 0.973 (95\% CI 0.955, 0.991), respectively]. sPAP was an independent risk factor for death with a HR of 3.02 (95\% CI 1.91, 4.78) for sPAP ≥36 mmHg.An estimated sPAP >36 mmHg at baseline echocardiography was significantly and independently associated with reduced survival, regardless of the presence of pulmonary hypertension based on right heart catheterization
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