Uncertainty in Academia: A Mixed Methods Study Identifying How Value Statements on Plagiarism Correlate with Plagiarism Reporting Behaviors of Undergraduate Faculty in a Distance Education Program

Plagiarism is a growing concern for colleges and universities around the globe. Research has shown that an overwhelming majority of college students today have admitted to cheating at some point during their academic career; however, some studies have demonstrated that faculty reporting rates are not mirroring this trend. While many studies detail faculty perceptions on plagiarism, this study focused specifically on faculty plagiarism reporting behaviors at a predominantly online institution. Additionally, this study identified five predetermined value statement factors derived from the available literature and further explored how those factors influenced and/or impeded faculty decisions to report a plagiarism violation. For this study, a pragmatic mixed methods approach was chosen to better define both the ‘what’ and the ‘why’ within this project. The study consisted of 101 faculty participants and nine Academic Deans from a predominantly online private college who were recruited to participate in a questionnaire (faculty) and virtual focus group (deans) that provided feedback and perspective into faculty reporting behavior. This perspective also created valuable insight into the institutional reporting tools and processes that existed at the institution under study and how they could be streamlined for a more effective and efficient faculty experience

Building Local Capacity to Respond to Environmental Change: Lessons and Case Studies from New York State

CaRDI Reports Issue 1

Comment on evidence for surface-initiated homogeneous nucleation

International audienceWe investigate theoretical, laboratory, and atmospheric evidence for a recently proposed hypothesis: homogeneous ice nucleation initiates at the surface, not in the volume, of supercooled water drops. Using existing thermodynamic arguments, laboratory experiments, and atmospheric data, we conclude that ice embryo formation at the surface cannot be confirmed or disregarded. Ice nucleation rates measured as a function of drop size in an air ambient could help distinguish between volume and surface nucleation rates

Abundances for metal-poor stars with accurate parallaxes II. alpha-elements in the halo

Abundances for alpha-elements and Fe in about 150 field subdwarfs and early subgiants with accurate parallaxes and kinematic data are used to discuss the run of abundance ratios in metal-poor stars in the solar neighborhood. Based on kinematics, we separated stars into two populations: the first one has a positive velocity of rotation around the galactic center, and it is likely to be related to the dissipational collapse of the galaxy; the second one has either negligible or negative rotational velocity, and it is likely related to an accretion component. The two populations show a large overlap in metallicity. However, they show distinct chemical properties. For the first population we found that there are close correlations (with small scatters around) of the rotational velocity with metallicity and with the Fe/alpha abundance ratio: this might be a signature of a not very fast collapse of the progenitor clouds, with enough time for a significant contribution by SNe Ia, although this result needs to be confirmed by a 3-D/non-LTE study. On the other side, the second population exhibits a larger scatter in both the above mentioned relations, and on average, a larger Fe/alpha ratio at a given metallicity, suggesting a larger scatter in ages. We argue that the lack of stars with moderate rotational velocities and high Fe/alpha abundance ratios is due to the short merging time for protogalactic clouds with prograde motion, while the presence of a group of counter-rotating stars with this characteristics indicates a much longer typical lifetimes for protogalactic fragments having such a motion. Finally, we found that perigalactic distances correlate with the Fe/alpha abundance ratios better than the apogalactic distances.Comment: 10 pages, 6 encapsulated figures, accepted for publication in A&

The First International Competition for Online Dispute Resolution: Is this Big, Different and New?

In February of 2002, the International Competition for Online Dispute Resolution (ICODR) was held to address the issue of new uses of technology is dispute resolution. This article describes the competition with individual presentations from the perspectives of a problem drafter, a coach, a participant, the evaluators, and an organizer. In the conclusion, the author presents some observations on why this International Competition for Online Dispute Resolution is big, different, and new

Correlating Bayesian date estimates with climatic events and domestication using a bovine case study

The tribe Bovini contains a number of commercially and culturally important species, such as cattle. Understanding their evolutionary time scale is important for distinguishing between post-glacial and domestication-associated population expansions, but estimates of bovine divergence times have been hindered by a lack of reliable calibration points. We present a Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of 481 mitochondrial D-loop sequences, including 228 radiocarbon-dated ancient DNA sequences, using a multi-demographic coalescent model. By employing the radiocarbon dates as internal calibrations, we co-estimate the bovine phylogeny and divergence times in a relaxed-clock framework. The analysis yields evidence for significant population expansions in both taurine and zebu cattle, European aurochs and yak clades. The divergence age estimates support domestication-associated expansion times (less than 12kyr) for the major haplogroups of cattle. We compare the molecular and palaeontological estimates for the Bison-Bos divergence

Anaemia, iron status and vitamin A deficiency among adolescent refugees in Kenya and Nepal

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of anaemia (haemoglobin 8.3 μg ml−1) and vitamin A deficiency (serum retinol < 0.7 μmoll−1) in adolescent refugees.DesignCross-sectional surveys.SettingKakuma refugee camp in Kenya and seven refugee camps in Nepal.SubjectsAdolescent refugee residents in these camps.ResultsAnaemia was present in 46% (95% confidence interval (CI): 42–51) of adolescents in Kenya and in 24% (95% CI: 20–28) of adolescents in Nepal. The sensitivity of palmar pallor in detecting anaemia was 21%. In addition, 43% (95% CI: 36–50) and 53% (95% CI: 46–61) of adolescents in Kenya and Nepal, respectively, had iron deficiency. In both surveys, anaemia occurred more commonly among adolescents with iron deficiency. Vitamin A deficiency was found in 15% (95% CI: 10–20) of adolescents in Kenya and 30% (95% CI: 24–37) of adolescents in Nepal. Night blindness was not more common in adolescents with vitamin A deficiency than in those without vitamin A deficiency. In Kenya, one of the seven adolescents with Bitot's spots had vitamin A deficiency.ConclusionsAnaemia, iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency are common among adolescents in refugee populations. Such adolescents need to increase intakes of these nutrients; however, the lack of routine access makes programmes targeting adolescents difficult. Adolescent refugees should be considered for assessment along with other at-risk groups in displaced populations

Magnitude of sex differences in dichotomous ossification sequences of the hand and wrist

Among the dichotomous (present/absent:absent/present) ossinication sequences individually ascertained in 3059 boys and girls with at least one but not more than 27 ossification centers of the hand and wrist, 54 such sequences exhibit statistically-significant sex differences in frequency, 32 of them at the 1% confidence level or better. Analyzed by regions (rows and rays, epiphyses and round bones), ten centers, primarily distals and those of the first digit, account for the majority of the significant sex differences.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/37551/1/1330420111_ftp.pd

The Iowa Homemaker vol.34, no.5

What’s new, Carolyn Shehan, page 4 Christmas, Jane Brintlinger, page 7 Quick to make, Marilyn Mound, page 8 Belle Lowe goes to market, Jean Redman, page 9 Gift guide, Mary Vandecar, page 10 Holiday tables, Gwen Olson, page 12 Your electives have a future, Mary Vandecar, page 14 Is there a Santa Claus?, Mary Anne Larson, page 16 Felt, Carol Krebill, page 18 Heard at Frisco, Dorothy Will, page 19 Chafing dish hot, Kay Scholten, page 20 Trends, Donna Mumford, page 2

Feedback and metal enrichment in cosmological SPH simulations I. A model for chemical enrichment

We discuss a model for treating chemical enrichment by SNII and SNIa explosions in simulations of cosmological structure formation. Our model includes metal-dependent radiative cooling and star formation in dense collapsed gas clumps. Metals are returned into the diffuse interstellar medium by star particles using a local SPH smoothing kernel. A variety of chemical abundance patterns in enriched gas arise in our treatment owing to the different yields and lifetimes of SNII and SNIa progenitor stars. In the case of SNII chemical production, we adopt metal-dependent yields. Because of the sensitive dependence of cooling rates on metallicity, enrichment of galactic haloes with metals can in principle significantly alter subsequent gas infall and the build up of the stellar components. Indeed, in simulations of isolated galaxies we find that a consistent treatment of metal-dependent cooling produces 25% more stars outside the central region than simulations with a primordial cooling function. In the highly-enriched central regions, the evolution of baryons is however not affected by metal cooling, because here the gas is always dense enough to cool. A similar situation is found in cosmological simulations because we include no strong feedback processes which could spread metals over large distances and mix them into unenriched diffuse gas. We demonstrate this explicitly with test simulations which adopt super-solar cooling functions leading to large changes both in the stellar mass and in the metal distributions. We also find that the impact of metallicity on the star formation histories of galaxies may depend on their particular evolutionary history. Our results hence emphasise the importance of feedback processes for interpreting the cosmic metal enrichment.Comment: 15 pages, 15 figures, MNRAS, modified to match published versio