Connection of Social Policy Implementation with the Dynamics of Social Orphanhood in Russian Regions

The problem of social orphanhood is one of the most important fmong the social problems of modern Russia, it is acute for a society. In the study of the problems of social orphanage, we used the author’s methods of ranking the regions of Russia according to the dynamics of indicators, an integrated index of “favorable” changes, as well as rating data and indicators of the development of regions of Russia implemented by subjects of social policy and the system of protecting children's rights. Based on the results of the study, the main problems in the social protection of families and citizens in difficult situations are identified. The problems lie in the areas of financial security of social programs, legislative regulation, information support. The results of the study can be used in the activities of social support services. The preventive of social orphanage should be measures of an active social policy

Features of Fixing the Folklore of Peoples of Yakutia (1930-1970): the Method of Selecting Informants according to G. U. Ergis

Methods and approaches in the selection of informants for fixing folklore works of Russians, Evens, Yakuts, who have inhabited the North-East of Yakutia since ancient times, are considered. The authors dwell on such issues as ways of finding informants; clarification of the status (narrator, singer and performer); concretization of the performer’s personality and his repertoire. The novelty of the research is seen in the fact that at the present stage, methods of selecting informants are being studied; the approaches to the selection of performers of song folklore, used by M.N.Zhirkov, are specified; the change in the status of the storytellers of Russian folklore is traced; the main features of the performance of the Even epic by the narrators are analyzed. The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the history of the study of the epic and song heritage of personalities-performers of the song-prose epic of the Russians Ustye, Evens and Yakuts by the staff of the Institute of Language and Culture is examined. Methods and approaches of M. N. Zhirkov in the selection of performers, as well as their repertoire to be fixed, are revealed. The importance of summarizing the already achieved results and setting new tasks in collecting and fixing folklore and musical material in the context of the extinction of folklore tradition and a reduction in the number of experts of traditional culture is affirmed

The Russian Hotel Market: Condition and Development Under the Crisis

The aim of the present research is to study the condition and development of the Russian hotel market under the crisis. The authors have analyzed the existing threats, defined the main trends of development and systemized all significant results of the research. In the course of the present work the methods of systematic approach, economic and statistic analyses, quantitative and qualitative studies have been applied. Such methods allow to reveal the problems and prospects of the Russian hotel market development. The article presents the results of analyzing the state of the Russian hotel market: the investment activity, the dynamics of the operational indicators of the Moscow, Saint Petersburg and other regions hotels` activity. The paper also provides the authors` appraisal of the degree of external factors impact on the Russian hotel business development. The special focus is placed on scrutinizing the issue of the human factor in the hotel business. Present analysis shows that different segments of the hotel market respond to crisis in different ways, it allows revealing the main threats for the Russian hotel market as well. The authors of the research have emphasized the necessity of the holding of the anti-crisis measures, aimed at the adjustment of the approaches to the hotel business management under the condition of the fluctuating market. The top priority steps are: the improvement of the marketing policy and the restructuring of the business processes. At the resume-part of the research the authors have concluded that despite the complex situation international hotel operators still are not planning their outflow from the Russian market, that attests to its long-term attraction. Furthermore, as a result of the present research the necessity of the reform of the hotel-business staff training system has been proved. All authors` references aim at the overcoming the negative tendencies on the Russian hotel market, caused by current crisis. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s5p28

The Impact of Migration Processes on the National Security System of Russia

The aim of this research is the rationale for the formation of complex parameters, criteria and indicators reflecting the relationship between migration, socio-economic processes and the national security. The subject of study is the nature of the impact of migration on the national security system and their interaction with social and economic development of the state. The research methods used are abstraction techniques and comparative analysis, method of data analysis and systematization, structural-descriptive method. The result of this study is a new approach to the construction of the evaluation system of migration processes and their influence on the national security, which can be used in the development of strategic documents in the field of migration, socio-economic development, and the national security. The authors emphasized the need for a more detailed approach to the impact of migration on the various elements of national security. In addition, the discrepancy of the assessment tools used with the objectives of the national security and migration policy are defined. The indicators can only be used to examine the status and possible developments of the situation, however, cannot be used to assess the occurrence of possible threats and negative calls when changing migration situation and the influence of various external and internal factors. The authors plan to further develop the investigated problems in the development and validation of specific parameters, criteria and indicators for inclusion in the proposed complex. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s5p16

Features of Cost Advantages from Implementation of Energy-Saving Projects

The implementation of the tasks envisaged by the National Security Strategy provides for the creation and implementation of projects aimed at the formation of the appropriate infrastructure of the regions. The most important component of the regional infrastructure is the energy one, which ensures the solution of urgent problems of the population and enterprises of the regions in obtaining energy and heat supply services. The achievement of the abovementioned goal is provided by introduction of investment projects, the implementation of which makes it possible to obtain cost advantages by consumers of services. Analysis of these projects' implementation programs over a long period of time confirms the significant cost advantages, the importance of which is determined by its social significance. The purpose of this paper is studying issues aimed at analyzing, assessment and shaping the cost benefits of the introduction of energy-efficient innovative technologies for heat-saving at enterprises of the public utilities sector. The study methods for this issue include the cost-benefit analysis, the cost efficiency assessment, tabular and graphical methods, which allow visualizing the structure of the economic effect and identifying its features. The paper presents the structure of the cost advantages gained by consumers that introduce innovative energy-saving technologies. The study revealed the features of the cost benefits formation, their structure, characteristic of these technologies. The paper draws a conclusion about the effectiveness of these projects, confirmed by the results of calculations, for consumers of services. Materials of the article are of practical value for professionals engaged in analysis and evaluation of energy/heat conservation projects, as well as for organizations that implement project outputs when comparing future benefits and costs as opposed to alternative technologies. Keywords: cost advantages; cost benefits; cost advantage assessment method; energy security; energy saving; heat saving; project costs and results. JEL Classifications: D24; Q43; M31 DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.764

АНАЛИЗ ФИНАНСОВЫХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ НЕФТЕДОБЫВАЮЩИХ КОМПАНИЙ

The article presents economic and statistical analysis of the financial situation in economic entities of the Russian oil industry for a ten-year period. Factors affecting performance indicators of oil companies such as profitability of sales and labor productivity are quantitatively measured using actual performance data of the world’s largest oil companies. Dynamic characteristics of financial indicators of Russian oil companies are analyzed. Significant differences in the dynamics of these indicators in ruble and dollar terms are revealed. A correlation-regression analysis of the relationship between the sales profitability indicators and the oil price was carried out.Авторами проведен экономико-статистический анализ финансового положения хозяйствующих субъектов российской нефтедобывающей промышленности за десятилетний период. На основе фактических данных о результатах деятельности крупнейших нефтяных компаний мира количественно измерены факторы, влияющие на такие показатели эффективности деятельности нефтяных компаний, как рентабельность продаж и производительность труда. Проанализированы динамические характеристики финансовых показателей российских нефтяных компаний. Выявлены существенные различия в динамике этих показателей в рублевом и долларовом эквивалентах. Проведен корреляционно-регрессионный анализ взаимосвязи показателей рентабельности продаж от стоимости нефти

Experimental study of radiopharmaceuticals based on technetium-99m labeled derivative of glucose for tumor diagnosis

Purpose: to study the potential utility of 1-thio-D-glucose labeled with 99mTc for cancer imaging in laboratory animals. Materials and method: the study was carried out in cell cultures of normal CHO (Chinese hamster ovary cells CHO) and malignant tissues MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7). To evaluate the uptake of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in normal and tumor tissue cells, 25 MBq of 1-thio-D-glucose labeled with 99mTc was added to the vials with 3 million cells and incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature. After centrifugation of the vials with cells, the supernatant was removed. Radioactivity in vials with normal and tumor cells was then measured. In addition, the study included 40 mice of C57B 1/6j lines with tumor lesion of the right femur. For neoplastic lesions, Lewis lung carcinoma model was used. Following anesthesia, mice were injected intravenously with 25MBq of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose. Planar scintigraphy was performed 15 minutes later in a matrix of 512x512 pixels for 5 minutes. Results: when measuring the radioactivity of normal and malignant cells after incubation with 99mTc-1-thio-D- glucose, it was found that the radioactivity of malignant cells was higher than that of normal cells. The mean values of radioactivity levels in normal and malignant cells were 0.3±0.15MBq and 1.07±0.6MBq, respectively. All examined animals had increased accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio- D-glucose at the tumor site. The accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in the tumor was on average twice as high as compared to the symmetric region. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose is a prospective radiopharmaceutical for cancer visualization. In addition, high accumulation of 99mTc-1-thio-D-glucose in the culture of cancer cells and in tumor tissue of animals demonstrates tumor tropism of the radiopharmaceutical

PFKFB3 overexpression in monocytes of patients with colon but not rectal cancer programs pro-tumor macrophages and is indicative for higher risk of tumor relapse

Introduction: Circulating monocytes are main source for tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that control tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis and therapy resistance. We raised the questions how monocyte programming is affected by growing tumors localized in colon and rectal sections, and how treatment onsets affect monocyte programming in the circulation. Methods: Patients with rectal cancer and colon cancer were enrolled in the study. Peripheral blood monocytes were characterized by phenotypic analysis using flow cytometry, by transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing and by gene expression analysis using real-time RT-PCR. Phenotypic analysis was performed with IF/confocal microscopy. Spatial transcriptomic analysis was applied using GeoMX DSP-NGS. Results: In patients with rectal cancer, increased amount of CCR2+ monocytes was indicative for the absence of both lymphatic and hematogenous metastasis. In contrast, in patients with colon cancer CD163+ monocytes were indicative for LN metastasis. NGS analysis identified tumor-specific transcriptional programming of monocytes in all CRC patients compared to healthy individuals. The key transcriptional difference between monocytes of patients with colon and rectal cancer was increased expression of PFKFB3, activator of glycolysis that is currently considered as therapy target for major solid cancers. PFKFB3-expressing monocyte-derived macrophages massively infiltrated tumor in colon. Nanostring technology identified correlation of PFKFB3 with amount and tumor-promoting properties of TAMs in colon but not in rectal cancer. PFKFB3 was indicative for tumor relapse specifically in colon cancer. Discussion: Our findings provide essential argument towards CRC definition to cover two clinically distinct cancers – colon cancer and rectal cancer, that differentially interact with innate immunity