Desfecho atípico de colesteatoma de orelha média: relato de caso

O presente estudo objetivou descrever um caso de colesteatoma de orelha média com recidiva após remoção cirúrgica, seguido por desfecho atípico. Paciente do sexo masculino, 40 anos, procurou atendimento médico com queixa de otalgia e plenitude auricular em ouvido esquerdo. Foi realizada ressonância magnética que evidenciou conteúdo líquido e células mastoideas ocupando a cavidade timpânica esquerda, com focos de restrição à difusão na caixa timpânica e antro medindo cerca de 1,4 cm, sendo compatível com colesteatoma de orelha média esquerda. O paciente foi, então, submetido a dois procedimentos cirúrgicos (uma timpanoplastia endoscópica e uma mastoidectomia fechada), num intervalo de quatro meses, para remoção total do tumor. Após 3 anos e 6 meses, o paciente apresentou recidiva para o colesteatoma. No dia anterior à cirurgia marcada para remoção do tumor recidivado, foi constatado, por ressonância magnética, a ausência do colesteatoma, o que sugere uma cura espontânea. A cura ou desaparecimento natural do tumor abre novas perspectivas de investigação para as ciências médicas

Deep sea ecosystem exploration and ‘health check’: sampling strategy and methods applied during the iAtlantic_BR10_Petrobras cruise in the Santos Basin, Southwest Atlantic

The iAtlantic Project has established an international collaborative strategy to improve mapping andcharacterization of deep and open ocean ecosystems in understudied regions of the Atlantic and evaluatetheir health. In December 2022, the first iAtlantic expedition in the South Atlantic set off to map and exploreseafloor ecosystems in the Santos Basin slope (200-1,000 m depths) in collaboration with the Petrobras ‘SantosBasin - Regional Characterization Project.’ The 17-day ‘iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras’ cruise was conducted onboard the research vessel NPqHOc Vital de Oliveira (Brazilian Navy) and performed (a) water column structurecharacterization, (b) seafloor morphology mapping, (c) description of benthic habitats and communities byseafloor imagery and biological/ geological sampling, and (d) ex-situ experiments to assess the functioning ofsedimentary ecosystems and their responses to climate-related environmental changes. This study describesthe rationale behind the iAtlantic_BR10-Petrobras cruise science plan, reports its sampling strategy andmethods, and summarizes its collected data and preliminary results

Panorama da Tireoidite de Hashimoto: bases patogênicas, diagnósticas e terapêuticas

Introduction: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid gland, designated by the inflammation and destruction of thyroid tissue, triggered by the autoimmune response, which results in the production of autoantibodies, such as antithyroglobulin and antithyroperoxidase antibodies. Objective: To evaluate the pathogenesis, diagnosis and management of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review that included original articles and systematic reviews in English and Portuguese, which addressed the pathogenic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of HT, published between 2014 and 2024, selected from the PubMed, Scopus and SciELO databases. After careful selection, 21 articles were chosen to compose this bibliographic review. Results: The pathogenesis of HT presents several relevant aspects, such as the abnormality of regulatory T cells, the exacerbated activity of Th17 cells and the increased expression of inflammatory components and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The diagnosis is made mainly by measuring TSH, free T4 and Anti-TPO, however other complementary tests may be necessary. Management is mainly associated with hormone replacement in patients with hypothyroidism. Considerations: HT is a complex condition, including multiple pathogenic mechanisms that need to be further elucidated. The diagnosis is mainly based on the serum dosage of some compounds. Pharmacological disciplines are associated with the exogenous use of thyroid hormone and surgery in some specific cases.Introdução: A tireoidite de Hashimoto (HT) é uma doença autoimune que afeta a glândula tireoide, caracterizada pela progressiva inflamação e destruição do tecido tireoidiano, desencadeada pela resposta autoimune, que resulta na produção de autoanticorpos, como os anticorpos antitireoglobulina e antitireoperoxidase. Objetivo: Avaliar a patogênese, o diagnóstico e o manejo da Tireoidite de Hashimoto. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica que incluiu artigos originais e revisões sistemáticas em inglês e português, que abordaram os aspectos patogênicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos da HT, publicados entre 2014 e 2024, selecionados nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus e SciELO. Após a seleção criteriosa, foram escolhidos 28 artigos para compor esta revisão bibliográfica. Resultados: A patogênese da TH apresenta múltiplos aspectos relevantes, como a anomalia das células T reguladoras, a atividade exacerbada das células Th17 e a expressão aumentada de componentes inflamassômicos e citocinas pró-inflamatórias. O diagnóstico é realizado principalmente pela dosagem de TSH, T4 livre e Anti-TPO, porém pode ser necessário outros exames complementares. O manejo é principalmente associado à reposição hormonal em pacientes com hipotireiodismo. Considerações: A TH é uma condição complexa, incluindo múltiplos mecanismos patogênicos que precisam ser mais elucidados. O diagnóstico é baseado principalmente na dosagem sérica de alguns compostos. As intervenções farmacológicas são associadas ao uso exógeno do hormônio tireoidiano e a cirurgia em alguns casos específicos

estudos artísticos

O tropicalismo arranca em 1967, através do corpo: a música de Caetano Veloso e Gilberto Gil, os vestíveis de Hélio Oiticica, as propostas teatrais de José Celso Martinez Corrêa e os cenários de Hélio Eichbauer. Hoje as coisas são um pouco mais complexas. Em tempo de redes sociais, os aspirantes ao poder fazem uso da sua imediatez para suscitarem reações epidérmicas, superficiais, populistas e de grande instantaneidade. A boçalidade triunfa nas caixas de comentários, e com mais alguns perfis falsificados podem manipular-se plebiscitos, movimentos secessionistas, ou, e também censurar-se exposições de arte. Nesta variação do fascismo, a epiderme eletrificada das redes sociais estrutura-se como uma poderosa arena onde se aparenta uma falsa democracia. Talvez a arte continue a ser um reduto para reflexão, mas vemos que a censura se manifesta hoje de modo talvez mais eficaz, silenciando artistas e professores, através da pressão mediatizada, da emoção do momento. Para isto é necessária a atenção consciente da arte, dos artistas, e também dos arte-educadores: enfrenta-se uma massa cada vez mais informe, alienada e despojada de reflexão para além do imediato.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others