Actitud hacia la publicidad : un analisis demografico y de valores en estudiantes de la Universidad de Talca

92 p.Este trabajo expone los resultados de un estudio realizado en la Universidad de Talca, cuyo objetivo es determinar que factores afectan la actitud que tienen los estudiantes hacia la Publicidad. El estudio consiste en una investigación de Mercado en la que se consultó a 373 alumnos pertenecientes a diferentes carreras y niveles de la Universidad. Se utilizó como método un muestre0 estratificado proporcional y los datos se recolectaron usando un cuestionario autoadministrado. Se formularon las siguientes hipótesis como eventuales factores de influencia en la actitud hacia la publicidad: los antecedentes (rural, urbano), la formación académica, la exposición a los medios, la estructura de valores y el nivel de la carrera universitaria que tiene el estudiante. El resultado señala que el principal factor que influye en la actitud hacia la Publicidad es la Formación Académica, siendo los estudiantes de negocios de la Universidad quienes poseen una actitud más positiva hacia ella. Por otra parte el estudio nos muestra que el patrón valórico de los encuestados es similar para las diferentes Formaciones académicas bajo estudio. Se aprecia el surgimiento de valores individualistas como el respeto a sí mismo, la felicidad y la armonía interior. Los anteriores hallazgos implican que es factible para aquellas campañas destinadas a potenciar la imagen de la actividad publicitaria usar una estrategia global , sin ser necesario por ejemplo diseñar un aviso para mujeres distinto al usado para los hombres. Los resultados también nos dicen que podemos imitar modelos de estrategias exitosos en países industrializados y esperar que también tengan éxito en el nuestro, pudiendo así aprovechar el mayor desarrollo de la industria publicitaria que existe por ejemplo en Europa, debido a que el patrón valórico de distintos países tiende a ser semejante. Por último los resultados sugieren que la imagen publicitaria es preocupante, esto se manifiesta en la actitud neutra que presentan los alumnos universitarios frente a la publicidad, lo cual influirá en la gestión de los futuros recursos de la industria publicitaria y por tanto los organismos respectivos deben hacer un esfuerzo serio por mejorarla

Graphene derivative scaffolds facilitate in vitro cell survival and maturation of dopaminergic SN4741 cells

The emerging carbon nanomaterial Graphene (G), in the form of scaffold structure, has an efficient bioconjugation with common biomolecules and activates cell differentiation of neuronal stem cells, providing a promising approach for neural regeneration. We propose the use of G as a scaffold to re-address the dopaminergic (DA) neurons and the residual axons from dead or apoptotic DA neurons in Parkinson´s disease (PD). G could act as a physical support to promote the axonal sprout as a “deceleration” support for the DA cells derived from neural stem cells or DA direct cell conversion, allowing the propagation of nerve impulses. We cultured a clonal substantia nigra (SN) DA neuronal progenitor cell line (SN4741) in presence of G as scaffold. This cell line derived from mouse embryos was cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/10% FCS to about 80% confluence. Cells were incubated in three chemically different G derivatives and two different presentation matrixes as powder and films: 1) G oxide (GO); 2) partially reduced GO (PRGO) which is hydrophobic; and 3) fully reduced GO (FRGO). Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay after adding the following G concentrations: 1mg/ml; 0.1mg/ml; 0.05mg/ml; 0.02mg/ml and 0.01mg/ml, in each type of GO. To study cellular morphology and assessment of cell engraftment into GO films (GO film, PRGO film, FRGO film), we analyzed the immunostaining of the anti-rabbit neuron-specific DNA-binding protein (NeuN) antibody, the anti-rat Beta-3-tubulin antibody in combination with the mitochondrial marker mouse anti-ATP synthase antibody, and the anti-rabbit DCX as immature neuronal marker. Hoechst label was used as nuclei marker. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) were measured by flow cytometry to study the influence of G on the cell redox-state. With this purpose, cells were loaded with dihydroethidium. The mitochondrial membrane potential after JC-1 incubation was studied by flow cytometry. Our results show an increase of survival and metabolism (30-40%) at low concentrations of PRGO and FRGO (0.05-0.01 mg/ml) respect to the higher concentration (1 mg/ml), while no changes were seen in the GO group. LDH concentration was measured in the supernatant using a COBAS analyzer showing a neuroprotective action at low concentrations. Furthermore, either PRGO film or FRGO film show an increase in the effective anchorage capacity to nest into the G matrix and in the maturation of the SN 4741 cells. We conclude that the use of G scaffolds in the research of neurological diseases like PD could offer a powerful platform for neural stem cells, direct cell conversion techniques and neural tissue engineering.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Norwegian Research Council (grant nº 215086

Ayotzinapa: Viejas luchas, nuevas formas

En el presente documento se brinda una breve crónica de lo acontecido cuando en septiembre de 2014, con la participación de elementos de la fuerza pública, se desapareció a 43 estudiantes de la Normal Rural Isidro Burgos de Ayotzinapa, Guerrero. Se da cuenta tanto de las inconsistencias de la verdad histórica presentada por el gobierno federal, como de la crisis de legitimidad que vive la actual administración que, si bien llegó con el apoyo de un porcentaje muy bajo del electorado, con el paso de los años ha visto disolver su popularidad. Por otro lado, siguiendo las ideas de Raul Zibechi y Ana Esther Ceceña se menciona que lo sucedido en Ayotzinapa debe ser visto como un emblema del capitalismo neoextractivista que aqueja nuestra región. En dicho sentido se hace énfasis a la agenda política y económica de la actual administración, con el objetivo de dar cuenta de una agudización de las contradicciones sociales, sobre todo en territorios rurales de nuestro país

Actions for the confirmation of the continuous improvement plan for the Educational Program in Chemical Engineering at UAEMéx

The strategic plan for continuous improvement, through analysis, informs whichever adjustment that should be carried out in the monitoring and contrast by academic year, integrating and monitoring the performance indicators. In this way, the performance of graduates in society can be identified qualitatively and quantitatively as a function of the performance of different processes that impact the training of the student. Additionally, it guarantees to interested groups that the educational program of the Chemical Engineering Degree, and its curricular committee, add value to their graduated students, whose social responsibility impacts societyThe objective of this work was to reflect on the responsibility that the educational program in Chemical Engineering at UAEMex has in translating its intentions into actions, as well as establishing an organised process for continuous planning and systemic evaluation which is reflected in a continuous improvement plan. This process entails the inclusion of tools that permit the evaluation or self-evaluation of the measurements and forms in which the educational program is improving its actions in achieving the criteria established by the acreditory organisation Consejo de Acreditación de la Enseñanza de la Ingeniería (CACEI) (Accreditation Board for the Teaching of Engineering) in their Marco de Referencia (Frame of Reference) 2018 in the international contex

Shoc2/Sur8 Protein Regulates Neurite Outgrowth

The Shoc2 protein has been implicated in the positive regulation of the Ras-ERK pathway by increasing the functional binding interaction between Ras and Raf, leading to increased ERK activity. Here we found that Shoc2 overexpression induced sustained ERK phosphorylation, notably in the case of EGF stimulation, and Shoc2 knockdown inhibited ERK activation. We demonstrate that ectopic overexpression of human Shoc2 in PC12 cells significantly promotes neurite extension in the presence of EGF, a stimulus that induces proliferation rather than differentiation in these cells. Finally, Shoc2 depletion reduces both NGF-induced neurite outgrowth and ERK activation in PC12 cells. Our data indicate that Shoc2 is essential to modulate the Ras-ERK signaling outcome in cell differentiation processes involved in neurite outgrowth.This work was supported by FIS grant (PI10/00815) to JLO; CIBERNED to MC; SAF2008-01951, Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid (CAM) S-SAL-0202-2006-01 and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) to TI; FIS grant PI12/00775 and ISCIII-RETIC (Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer) RD12/0036/0027 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III to PSG; and FIS grants (PI09/0562 and PI13/00703), ISCIII-RETIC (RD06/0020/0003 and RD12/0036/0021), and the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) to JMR. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.S

Safety and immediate humoral response of COVID-19 vaccines in chronic kidney disease patients:the SENCOVAC study

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are at high-risk for severe Covid-19. The multicentric, observational and prospective SENCOVAC study aims to describe the humoral response and safety of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in CKD patients. Safety and immediate humoral response results are reported here. METHODS: Four cohorts of patients were included: kidney transplant (KT) recipients, haemodialysis (HD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) and non-dialysis CKD patients from 50 Spanish centres. Adverse events after vaccine doses were recorded. At baseline and on day 28 after the last vaccine dose, anti-Spike antibodies were measured and compared between cohorts. Factors associated with development of anti-Spike antibodies were analyzed. RESULTS: 1746 participants were recruited: 1116 HD, 171 PD, 176 non-dialysis CKD patients and 283 KT recipients. Most patients (98%) received mRNA vaccines. At least one vaccine reaction developed after the first dose in 763 (53.5%) and after the second dose in 741 (54.5%) of patients. Anti-Spike antibodies were measured in the first 301 patients. At 28 days, 95% of patients had developed antibodies: 79% of KT, 98% of HD, 99% of PD and 100% of non-dialysis CKD patients (p<0.001). In a multivariate adjusted analysis, absence of an antibody response was independently associated to KT (OR 20.56, p = 0.001) and to BNT162b2 vaccine (OR 6.03, p = 0.023). CONCLUSION: The rate of anti-Spike antibody development after vaccination in KT patients was low but in other CKD patients it approached 100%; suggesting that KT patients require persistent isolation measures and booster doses of a Covid-19 vaccine. Potential differences between Covid-19 vaccines should be explored in prospective controlled studies

The genetic ancestry of American Creole cattle inferred from uniparental and autosomal genetic markers

Cattle imported from the Iberian Peninsula spread throughout America in the early years of discovery and colonization to originate Creole breeds, which adapted to a wide diversity of environments and later received influences from other origins, including zebu cattle in more recent years. We analyzed uniparental genetic markers and autosomal microsatellites in DNA samples from 114 cattle breeds distributed worldwide, including 40 Creole breeds representing the whole American continent, and samples from the Iberian Peninsula, British islands, Continental Europe, Africa and American zebu. We show that Creole breeds differ considerably from each other, and most have their own identity or group with others from neighboring regions. Results with mtDNA indicate that T1c-lineages are rare in Iberia but common in Africa and are well represented in Creoles from Brazil and Colombia, lending support to a direct African influence on Creoles. This is reinforced by the sharing of a unique Y-haplotype between cattle from Mozambique and Creoles from Argentina. Autosomal microsatellites indicate that Creoles occupy an intermediate position between African and European breeds, and some Creoles show a clear Iberian signature. Our results confirm the mixed ancestry of American Creole cattle and the role that African cattle have played in their development.Fil: Ginja, Catarina. Universidad de Porto. Facultad de Ciências. Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos; PortugalFil: Gama, Luis Telo. Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria; PortugalFil: Cortés, Oscar. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; EspañaFil: Martin Burriel, Inmaculada. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Vega Pla, Jose Luis. Servicio de Cría Caballar de las Fuerzas Armadas. Laboratorio de Investigación Aplicada; EspañaFil: Penedo, Cecilia. University of California; Estados UnidosFil: Sponenberg, Phil. Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine; Estados UnidosFil: Cañón Ferreras, Francisco Javier. Universidad Complutense de Madrid; EspañaFil: Sanz, Arianne. Universidad de Zaragoza; EspañaFil: Egito, Andrea Alves do. Embrapa Gado de Corte; BrasilFil: Alvares, Luz Angela. Universidad Nacional de Colombia; ColombiaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Agha, Saif. Ain Shams University. Faculty of Agriculture, Animal Production Department; EgiptoFil: Rogberg Muñoz, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria; ArgentinaFil: Cassiano Lara, Maria Aparecida. Centro de Genética e Reprodução. Instituto de Zootecnia; BrasilFil: Delgado, Juan Vicente. Universidad de Córdoba; EspañaFil: Martinez, Amparo. Universidad de Córdoba; Españ

The OTELO survey: A case study of [O III] lambda 4959,5007 emitters at z=0.83

Context. The OSIRIS Tunable Filter Emission Line Object (OTELO) survey is a very deep, blind exploration of a selected region of the Extended Groth Strip and is designed for finding emission-line sources (ELSs). The survey design, observations, data reduction, astrometry, and photometry, as well as the correlation with ancillary data used to obtain a final catalogue, including photo-z estimates and a preliminary selection of ELS, were described in a previous contribution. Aims. Here, we aim to determine the main properties and luminosity function (LF) of the [O III] ELS sample of OTELO as a scientific demonstration of its capabilities, advantages, and complementarity with respect to other surveys. Methods. The selection and analysis procedures of ELS candidates obtained using tunable filter pseudo-spectra are described. We performed simulations in the parameter space of the survey to obtain emission-line detection probabilities. Relevant characteristics of [O III] emitters and the LF ([O III]), including the main selection biases and uncertainties, are presented. Results. From 541 preliminary emission-line source candidates selected around z = 0.8, a total of 184 sources were confirmed as [O III] emitters. Consistent with simulations, the minimum detectable line flux and equivalent width in this ELS sample are ∼5 × 10−19 erg s−1 cm2 and ∼6 Å, respectively. We are able to constrain the faint-end slope (α = −1.03 ± 0.08) of the observed LF ([O III]) at a mean redshift of z = 0.83. This LF reaches values that are approximately ten times lower than those from other surveys. The vast majority (84%) of the morphologically classified [O III] ELSs are disc-like sources, and 87% of this sample is comprised of galaxies with stellar masses of M⋆ <  1010 M⊙

Differences in Expression of IQSEC2 Transcript Isoforms in Male and Female Cases with Loss of Function Variants and Neurodevelopmental Disorder

Pathogenic hemizygous or heterozygous mutations in the IQSEC2 gene cause X-linked intellectual developmental disorder-1 (XLID1), characterized by a variable phenotype including developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy, hypotonia, autism, microcephaly and stereotypies. It affects both males and females typically through loss of function in males and haploinsufficiency in heterozygous females. Females are generally less affected than males. Two novel unrelated cases, one male and one female, with de novo IQSEC2 variants were detected by trio-based whole exome sequencing. The female case had a previously undescribed frameshift mutation (NM_001111125:c.3300dup; p.Met1101Tyrfs*5), and the male showed an intronic variant in intron 6, with a previously unknown effect (NM_001111125:c.2459+21C&gt;T). IQSEC2 gene expression study revealed that this intronic variant created an alternative donor splicing site and an aberrant product, with the inclusion of 19bp, confirming the pathogenic effect of the intron variant. Moreover, a strong reduction in the expression of the long, but also the short IQSEC2 isoforms, was detected in the male correlating with a more severe phenotype, while the female case showed no decreased expression of the short isoform, and milder effects of the disease. This suggests that the abnormal expression levels of the different IQSEC2 transcripts could be implicated in the severity of disease manifestations.This research was funded by INSTITUTO DE SALUD CARLOS III, institutional project Spain UDP and grant PT20CIII/00009.S

Non-productive angiogenesis disassembles Aß plaque-associated blood vessels

The human Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain accumulates angiogenic markers but paradoxically, the cerebral microvasculature is reduced around Aß plaques. Here we demonstrate that angiogenesis is started near Aß plaques in both AD mouse models and human AD samples. However, endothelial cells express the molecular signature of non-productive angiogenesis (NPA) and accumulate, around Aß plaques, a tip cell marker and IB4 reactive vascular anomalies with reduced NOTCH activity. Notably, NPA induction by endothelial loss of presenilin, whose mutations cause familial AD and which activity has been shown to decrease with age, produced a similar vascular phenotype in the absence of Aß pathology. We also show that Aß plaque-associated NPA locally disassembles blood vessels, leaving behind vascular scars, and that microglial phagocytosis contributes to the local loss of endothelial cells. These results define the role of NPA and microglia in local blood vessel disassembly and highlight the vascular component of presenilin loss of function in AD