Promoting Measles Prevention and Awareness

https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/fmclerk/1549/thumbnail.jp

Superconductivity in the doped bilayer Hubbard model

We study by the Gutzwiller approximation the melting of the valence bond crystal phase of a bilayer Hubbard model at sufficiently large inter-layer hopping. We find that a superconducting domain, with order parameter $d_{z^2-r^2}$, $z$ being the inter-layer direction and $r$ the intra-layer one, is stabilized variationally close to the half-filled non-magnetic Mott insulator. Superconductivity exists at half-filling just at the border of the Mott transition and extends away from half-filling into a whole region till a critical doping, beyond which it gives way to a normal metal phase. This result suggests that superconductivity should be unavoidably met by liquefying a valence bond crystal, at least when each layer is an infinite coordination lattice and the Gutzwiller approximation becomes exact. Remarkably, this same behavior is well established in the other extreme of two-leg Hubbard ladders, showing it might be of quite general validity.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

The “Haush” puzzle: piecing together subsistence and settlement at the Fueguian southeast.

The Isla Grande of Tierra del Fuego - Argentina - southeast tip was archaeologically almost unknown till the middle 1980’s, when systematic research began. This area was historically inhabited by the Haush, a group without a clear ethnic status. The different positions about them are summarized. The ethnographic information available and the data from the faunal resources - guanacos {Lama guanicoe), sea lions, birds and mollusks - are adjusted to postulate a subsistence and settlement model for the area - known as Peninsula Mitre. It is applied for the Rancho Donata archaeological locality, and then it is compared with other Tierra del Fuego pedestrian hunter-gatherers models. Logistical strategies for guanaco hunting seem to be more efficient yearlong. During the fall-winter semester, sea lions hunting took place within the camp range - ca. 5km from the coast. The spring-summer semester base camps movement appears to be first associated with bird and fish procurement and then to sea lions hunting.A ponta sudeste da Ilha grande da Terra do Fogo - Argentina - era arqueológicamente quase desconhecida até meados da década de 80, quando começaram pesquisas sistemáticas. Esta área foi historicamente habitada pelos Haush, um grupo sem um status étnico claro. As diferentes posições sobre eles são resumidas. A informação etnográfica e os dados dos recursos faunísticos - Guanacos (Lama guanicoe), leões marinhos, pássaros e moluscos - são ajustados para postular um modelo de subsistência e assentamento para a área - conhecida como Península Mitre. Ele é aplicado para a localidade arqueológica Rancho Donata, e então é comparado com outros modelos de caçadores-coletores pedestres da Terra do Fogo. Estratégias logísticas para a caça de guanaco parecem ser mais eficientes ao longo do ano. Durante o semstre outono-invemo, a caça de leões marinhos tem lugar dentro dos limites do acampamento - ca. 5km da costa. O movimento dos acampamentos de base do semestre primavera-verão parece ser primeiro associado à obtenção de pássaros e peixes e posteriormente à caça de leões marinhos

Assessing the consistency and microbiological effectiveness of household water treatment practices by urban and rural populations claiming to treat their water at home: a case study in Peru.

BACKGROUND: Household water treatment (HWT) can improve drinking water quality and prevent disease if used correctly and consistently by vulnerable populations. Over 1.1 billion people report treating their water prior to drinking it. These estimates, however, are based on responses to household surveys that may exaggerate the consistency and microbiological performance of the practice-key factors for reducing pathogen exposure and achieving health benefits. The objective of this study was to examine how HWT practices are actually performed by households identified as HWT users, according to international monitoring standards. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a 6-month case study in urban (n = 117 households) and rural (n = 115 households) Peru, a country in which 82.8% of households report treating their water at home. We used direct observation, in-depth interviews, surveys, spot-checks, and water sampling to assess water treatment practices among households that claimed to treat their drinking water at home. While consistency of reported practices was high in both urban (94.8%) and rural (85.3%) settings, availability of treated water (based on self-report) at time of collection was low, with 67.1% and 23.0% of urban and rural households having treated water at all three sampling visits. Self-reported consumption of untreated water in the home among adults and children <5 was common and this was corroborated during home observations. Drinking water of self-reported users was significantly better than source water in the urban setting and negligible but significantly better in the rural setting. However, only 46.3% and 31.6% of households had drinking water <1 CFU/100 mL at all follow-up visits. CONCLUSIONS: Our results raise questions about the usefulness of current international monitoring of HWT practices and their usefulness as a proxy indicator for drinking water quality. The lack of consistency and sub-optimal microbiological effectiveness also raises questions about the potential of HWT to prevent waterborne diseases

La «carte des esprits» de la moyenne vallée du Zambèze

Nous présentons ici la «carte des esprits» de trois cantons de la moyenne vallée du Zambèze (Zimbabwe). Sur cette carte figurent les circonscriptions territoriales des esprits des rois disparus (mhondoro), qui jouent un rôle fondamental dans l’organisation sociale et politique de la vallée. On ne peut comprendre les logiques d’utilisation de l’espace et des ressources naturelles sans analyser en détail la fonction des mhondoro et de leurs puissants auxiliaires, les spirit mediums (homwe). Cette carte, combinée à la carte des circonscriptions des chefferies et des conseillers à la mairie de district, permet de visualiser les chevauchements entre territoires qui relèvent de différents types d’autorités politiques. On peut ainsi percevoir quelles portions de la zone communale de Dande seront le théâtre d’intenses affrontements entre spirit médiums, chefs traditionnels et conseillers de district (district councellors)

Revising the cost of living index of the city of Buenos Aires, 1933-1945

From the 1930s to the mid 1940s, social and labour statistics in Argentina flourished, mainly fostered by the National Labour Department. This paper shows that in the early 1930s, a cost of living index with specific methodological pitfalls was elaborated, which, among other problems, only accounted for the behaviour of the poorest segment of society. The development of new estimates—with official data that has never been used before—shows that the official index might be underestimating the cost of living faced by workers and by society as a whole. As such, this paper is proof that it is important to consider the context in which statistics are produced and the methodology carried out to gather the information or to develop indicators

Evaluation of the stability of prosthetic screws of three craniofacial prostheses retention systems

Orientador: Jose Ricardo de Albergaria BarbosaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: O uso de implantes osseointegrados em próteses craniofaciais ajuda na estabilidade outorgando maior conforto para o paciente, minimizando a perda facial existente, melhorando a aparência, estética e convivo social. Existem diferentes sistemas para retenção de próteses sobre implantes osseointegráveis como Barra-Clipe, Ball/O'ring e Magneto, com diferentes vantagens e limitações. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a estabilidade de parafusos protéticos em três tipos de sistemas de retenção de próteses craniofaciais (Barra-Clipe, Ball/O'ring e Magneto), quando submetidos a ciclagem mecânica. Foram utilizados doze modelos de resina acrílica com dois implantes craniofaciais 4 mm x 6 mm (HABE implants ¿ Facie line, INP® System - São Paulo ¿ Brazil) instalados a 20 mm de distância entre si e separados em três grupos: I - Barra-clipe (Sistema INP® - São Paulo - Brasil); II- Ball/O-ring (Sistema INP®) e III Magneto (Metalmag®, São Paulo ¿ Brasil) com quatro amostras para cada grupo e foram submetidas ao teste de ciclagem mecânica de remoção e inserção (f = 0,5 Hz) para determinar o afrouxamento dos parafusos. A máquina servo-hidráulica MTS 810-Flex Test 40 (Eden Prairie, MN- USA) foi utilizada para realizar a ciclagem, com deslocamento de 2,5mm e velocidade de 10 mm/s. Os parafusos dos sistemas de retenção receberam 30 Ncm de torque inicial e os valores de afrouxamento foram obtidos em três ciclos (1080, 2160 e 3240), re-aplicando 30 Ncm nos parafusos antes do novo ciclo. Ouve diferencia estadistica significativa no grupo de Ball/O'ring no primeiro e segundo ciclo com maior afrouxamento no primeiro ciclo. Quando comparado entre os grupos, o grupo Ball/O'ring apresentou diferencia estatística no primeiro ciclo e Barra-Clipe no segundo ciclo. O resultado deste trabalho indica que todos os parafusos protéticos apresentam afrouxamento após torque inicial e o sistema de retenção Barra-Clipe apresenta maior afrouxamento quando comparados com os sistemas Ball/O'ring e MagnetoAbstract: The use of bone-integrated implants in craniofacial prostheses helps in the stability of the prosthesis granting a greater comfort for the patient and minimize the existing facial defects, improving appearance, aesthetic and social live. There are different types of prosthesis retention systems in bone-integrated implants as Bar-Clip, Ball/O'ring and Magnet and each retain system will have its advantages and limitations. This study aimed to evaluate the stability of prosthetic screws of three types of craniofacial prostheses retention system (Bar-Clip, Ball/O'ring and Magnet) when submitted to mechanical cycling. Twelve models of acrylic resin with two craniofacial implants of 4 mm x 6mm (HABE Implants - facie line, INP® System - São Paulo - Brazil) placed 20 mm from each other were separated into three groups: I - Bar-clip (Sistema INP® - São Paulo - Brasil); II- Ball/O'ring (Sistema INP®) and III Magnet (Metalmag®, São Paulo ¿ Brasil) with four samples for each group and underwent to a mechanical cycling removal and insertion test (f = 0,5 Hz) to determine the loosening of the retation screws. The servo-hydraulic MTS machine 810-Flextest 40 (Eden Prairie, MN-USA) was used to perform the cycling with 2.5mm and a displacement of 10 mm/s. The screws of the retation systems receive initial torque of 30 Ncm and the lossening of the screw values were obtained in three cycles (1080, 2160 and 3240) reapplying 30 Ncm on the screws before the new cycle. There were significant differences in the Ball/O'ring group between the first cycle and second cycle, with greater loosening values in the first cycle. When compared the torque values between the three groups, was observed difference with greater loosening in the Ball/O'ring group for the first cycle and the Bar-Clip group for the second cycle. The results of this study indicate that all prosthetic screws have a loosening after initial tightening torque and the Bar/Clip retention system have more influence causing loosening of the screws when compared with Ball/O'ring and Magnet retention systemMestradoCirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-FaciaisMestre em Clínica OdontológicaCAPE

Constructing cost of living indexes : ideas and individuals, Argentina, 1918-1935

This article examines the first two estimates of the Argentine cost of living index, focusing on their producers, Alejandro Bunge and José Figuerola. The Bunge index, released in 1918, did not hold as a stable social and political artifact because it lacked legitimacy in the eyes of many sectors of society. This was a consequence of Bunge’s personal connections, and of the close relationship between the index and Bunge and between the index and his macroeconomic vision, which differed from that of the economic and political elite. The trajectory of the second estimate, released in 1935 by the National Labor Department, highlights the importance of the working class as a social actor in fostering the adoption of the cost of living index. The legitimacy of the National Labor Department’s index was enhanced by the connections between Figuerola and the International Labour Organization. The contrast between the two histories suggests that for a cost of living index to hold as a stable social and political artifact during the first half of the twentieth century, a connection between the index and industrial relations had to exist. In particular, the index should contribute toward the formation of the working class as a visible object for policy intervention