Black Silicon by RIE for Photovoltaics

Silicon-based solar cell technology continues to dominate the solar cell market making efficiency improvements to this class of devices sought after. A RIE process for creating “Black Silicon (BS)” was developed and integrated into a monocrystalline- Si solar cell process. Solar cells with BS exhibited an Ravg of 3.8% compared to 38.4% for solar cells with no antireflection apparatus (λ = 360-750 nm). BS solar cells were also found to have an EQE 16.4% higher than that of the control (λ = 360-1100 nm). On average Jsc and FF was higher for the BS solar cells as compared to the control however solar cell performance comparisons were corrupted by manufacturing defects resulting in poor diode characteristics across all fabricated devices

Apollo Telescope Mount (ATM) gimballed star tracker

Design and development of six gimballed star trackers for Skylab's Apollo Telescope Mount, which performed successfully on all three manned Skylab missions and accumulated a total usage time of approximately 3,500 hours, is described in terms of configurations, materials and construction, qualification testing, performance, and reliability characteristics. A brief program history and design changes incorporated during the life of the program are also discussed. Extensive drawings, block diagrams, and photographs are provided

Time-lapse 3-D measurements of a glucose biosensor in multicellular spheroids by light sheet fluorescence microscopy in commercial 96-well plates

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy has previously been demonstrated on a commercially available inverted fluorescence microscope frame using the method of oblique plane microscopy (OPM). In this paper, OPM is adapted to allow time-lapse 3-D imaging of 3-D biological cultures in commercially available glass-bottomed 96-well plates using a stage-scanning OPM approach (ssOPM). Time-lapse 3-D imaging of multicellular spheroids expressing a glucose Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor is demonstrated in 16 fields of view with image acquisition at 10 minute intervals. As a proof-of-principle, the ssOPM system is also used to acquire a dose response curve with the concentration of glucose in the culture medium being varied across 42 wells of a 96-well plate with the whole acquisition taking 9 min. The 3-D image data enable the FRET ratio to be measured as a function of distance from the surface of the spheroid. Overall, the results demonstrate the capability of the OPM system to measure spatio-temporal changes in FRET ratio in 3-D in multicellular spheroids over time in a multi-well plate format

Security Proof for Quantum Key Distribution Using Qudit Systems

We provide security bounds against coherent attacks for two families of quantum key distribution protocols that use $d$-dimensional quantum systems. In the asymptotic regime, both the secret key rate for fixed noise and the robustness to noise increase with $d$. The finite-key corrections are found to be almost insensitive to $d\lesssim 20$.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, version 3 corrects equations (9) and (11), and slightly modifies the figure to reflect the change to equation (11

Kecerdasan Emosional Dan Psychological Well-being Pada Taruna Semester III Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang

Psychological well-being adalah kemampuan individu yang ditandai dengan adanya perasaan bahagia, mempunyai kepuasan hidup, dan tidak ada gejala-gejala depresi. Kecerdasan emosional adalah tentang mengelola emosi dan memotivasi diri sehingga subjek dapat menghibur diri, dapat melepaskan kecemasan, kemurungan, ketersinggungan, dapat bangkit kembali dari semua itu, mampu berpikir positif, mampu untuk terus berjuang ketika menghadapi hambatan, tidak putus asa dan kehilangan harapan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan psychological well-being pada taruna semester III Politeknik Ilmu Pelayaran Semarang. Populasi penelitian adalah 443 taruna dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 210 taruna dengan karakteristik sampel: taruna yang sedang menjalani kehidupan asrama kampus. Sampel ditentukan dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Skala Kecerdasan Emosional (33 aitem, α= 0,923) dan Skala Psychological Well-Being (32 aitem, α= 0,904). Analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan adanya hubungan positif signifikan antara kecerdasan emosional dengan psychological well-being (rxy = 0,550 dengan p < 0,001) yang berarti bahwa semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosional maka semakin tinggi psychological well-being. Kecerdasan emosional memberikan sumbangan efektif sebesar 30,3% terhadap psychological well-being

Using Horticulturalists\u27 Input to Inform a Home Horticultural Website Redesign Process

The Internet is a growing source of information for consumers. Website design and development become important factors in website usability as consumers’ Internet access increases and they seek home horticulture and gardening resources. The University of Nebraska–Lincoln developed a website in the 1990s to supplement its Backyard Farmer television program. Consumers’ expectations of websites changed as technology changed, which resulted in the site no longer meeting visitors’ needs. Two focus groups evaluating the website’s usefulness as an information source were conducted with home and professional horticulturalists. Participants were most interested in locating concise information about horticulture and gardening on a website that was easy to navigate; had many links to additional information; and contained timely and current information. Overall, content quality, usability and aesthetics were highly ranked as important for a “perfect” website

Predictability of the monthly North Atlantic Oscillation index based on fractal analyses and dynamic system theory

The predictability of the monthly North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO, index is analysed from the point of view of different fractal concepts and dynamic system theory such as lacunarity, rescaled analysis (Hurst exponent) and reconstruction theorem (embedding and correlation dimensions, Kolmogorov entropy and Lyapunov exponents). The main results point out evident signs of randomness and the necessity of stochastic models to represent time evolution of the NAO index. The results also show that the monthly NAO index behaves as a white-noise Gaussian process. The high minimum number of nonlinear equations needed to describe the physical process governing the NAO index fluctuations is evidence of its complexity. A notable predictive instability is indicated by the positive Lyapunov exponents. Besides corroborating the complex time behaviour of the NAO index, present results suggest that random Cantor sets would be an interesting tool to model lacunarity and time evolution of the NAO index

Nearshore marine ecology at Hutchinson Island, Florida: 1971-1974. VI. plankton dynamics, 1971-1973, VII. phytoplankton 1971-1973, VIII. zooplankton, 1971-1973, IX. diel plankton, 1973-1974, X. benthic algae species list

(Document has 122 pages.

Lacunarity, predictability and predictive instability of the daily pluviometric regime in the Iberian Peninsula

The complexity of the daily pluviometric regime of the Iberian Peninsula is analysed from the point of view of its lacunarity, predictability and predictive instability. The database consists of daily pluviometric records obtained from 43 rain gauges in Spain and Portugal for the period 1950–1990. Five different series are generated for every rain gauge. The first series is constituted by the consecutive daily amounts. The other four consist of dry spell lengths with respect to daily amount thresholds of 0.1, 1.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mm/day. A dry spell length is defined as the number of consecutive days with rainfall amounts below one of these thresholds. The empirical lacunarity for every rain gauge is well reproduced by two power laws, the exponents varying notably from one gauge to another. The spatial distribution of the lacunarity is characterised by a north to south or southeast gradient, thus suggesting that this parameter can be a useful tool to distinguish between different pluviometric regimes. The predictability of the five series is quantified by means of the rescaled analysis and the interpretation of the Hurst exponent. Its patterns reveal that most part of the Iberian Peninsula shows signs of persistence for the daily rainfall and the dry spell series, although persistence is only clearly manifested in some small domains. The instability of possible predictive algorithms is analysed through the Lyapunov exponents. They are only computed for the series of daily amounts and for dry lengths respect to the threshold level of 0.1 mm/day due to the short number of dry spells for larger threshold levels. The series of daily amounts depict the highest instability along the Mediterranean coast. The series of dry spells show an increasing instability from NE to SW Spain, with a relevant nucleus of high Lyapunov values in the south-western Atlantic coast. As a summary, lacunarity and Hurst and Lyapunov exponents depict a relevant spatial variation, which is in agreement with well known patterns of the pluviometric regime, such as annual amount spatial distribution and return periods of dry spells