Bioluminescence Image as a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker for Preclinical Evaluation of Cryoablation in a Murine Model

学位記番号：医博甲170

ANTICANCER AND ANTIAGGREGATION OF SEAWEED EXTRACT

Exploration of seaweed potential as sources of bioactive compounts were studied and found two type seaweeds from in Bali such as Caulerpa rasemosa and Gracillaria sp had potential as food suplements and prepared and consumed as food. These seaweeds were used as vegetables in daily diet as side dishes or can be consumed alone. Their bioactive components of these seaweeds were explored for degenerative diseases. Gracillaria sp or bukung hijau were extracted with different solvents and tested qualitatively for possible bioactive component. as anti cancer agents and anti platelet aggregations were performed in vitro. Using cancer cell of mice (C3H) and New Zealang Rabbits Platelet. The results showed that anti cancer growth of the extract was 7th fraction of the extract with 78% activities and LD50 was 0.1 ppm. The anti platelets aggregation optimum of the extract was 13.2%. The formulation of food supplement from these seaweed may benefit to produce functional food related to health. Keywords: seaweed extract, anti-cancer, anti platelet aggregation

Current Clinical Issues: Deposition of Gadolinium Chelates

Clinically available gadolinium chelate-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are divided into two groups by chelate types: linear GBCAs and macrocyclic GBCAs. The characteristic features of GBCAs are introduced in this chapter. Currently, there are two clinical issues related to the administration of GBCAs: nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) and brain deposition of gadolinium. NSF occurs in patients with chronic renal failure who had magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations with GBCA injections. Frequent administrations would induce NSF, and GBCA stability would be discussed in this chapter. Linear GBCAs are more likely to be deposited in brain tissues than macrocyclic GBCAs. We present the trend of GBCA deposition or retention with our published research studies with our previous researches. We have investigated the effect of GBCAs deposited in the brain for infants

Iodisasi Garam: Kadar Iodium Dan Stabilitas Fisika Berbagai Bentuk Iodisasi Garam

Iodisasi garam telah lama dilakukan di Indonesia sejak PELITA II. Salah satu alternatif penambahan iodium ke dalam garam adalah dalam bentuk mikrokapsul. Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti kandungan berbagai jenis iodium dalam garam dari berbagai pasar dan mengukur waktu melarut bagi garam bila ditambahkan berbagai bentuk penyampaian iodium yakni mikrokapsul iodium, iodium dalam larutan garam jenuh dan larutan iodium dalam air suling. Ketiga bentuk penyampaian iodium ke dalam garam ini ditambahkan pada garam dan partikel garam tersebut, kemudian digantung dengan kawat wolfram dalam desikator yang berisi uap air jenuh. Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbagai jenis garam yang dijual di pasar di Bogor 6 dari 10 merek dagang mengandung iodium kurang dari 40ppm. Garam dengan kadar iodium 40ppm atau lebih adalah garam dengan merek dagang Miwon, Putri Duyung, Hero dan Doplin. Larutan iodium dalam air suling yang ditambahkan ke partikel garam menyebabkan garam melarut setelah 2 jam 40 menit, larutan garam jenuh setelah 3 jam 5 menit dan mikrokapsul iodium setelah lebih dari 5 jam. Garam yang ditambahkan mikrokapsul garam relatif lebih tahan terhadap stres dari uap air dalam lingkungannya

SEAWEED AS MICRONUTRIENTS INGREDIENT FOR FOOD SUPPLEMENT

In some part of Indonesia seaweed has been used as vegetables dish. The most important component of seaweed isiodine and iron. Gracillariasp is one species of seaweed that can be used as a source of the mikronutrients such as iron, iodine and calcium. Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iodine Deficiency Disorder can cause several diseases also known low haemoglobin level and iodine level in the blood. This preparation of Gracillariasp could supplement micro-nutrients in the diet. This study was to develop appropriate local technology of Gracillariaspcontainedas an ingredient in the making of food supplement for imorovement of micronutrients intake.The experimental study uses optimum formulated comosition from seaweed.Based on the practical in the area (Bali), the formula of seaweed compose of seaweed of Gracillaria with additional of 20 % salty fish extract, 5 % dextrin. The seaweeds contains high of carbohydrate, iodine, calcium and iron but low in protein and lipid. Appropriate technology of dried seaweed supplement could be prepared at home. Theseseaweed supplements could be advocated in rural arealevel or posyandufor combating under nutrition status of the children.The formula of direct seaweed inclusion inthe supplement is preferred due to green colour and acceptable taste compared to dried seaweed. The serving sice of 25 g of this product could be cover children’s need about 23 % in iodine, 100 % in iron and 22- 35 % in calcium. Keywords: seaweed, Gracillariasp, iodine, iron, food supplement

Komposisi Gizi Dan Daya Terima Makanan Terapi: Ready to Use Therapeutic Food Untuk Balita Gizi Buruk (Nutrition Composition and Acceptance Test of Ready to Use Therapeutic Food for Severe Malnourished Children)

Severe malnourished children need special diet which is nutritious, easily digested, and safe to improve their nutritional status. The diet could be Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF), composed by highly digestible component such as milk, vegetable oil, sugar, vitamines, minerals, and indigenous food such as peanut, mungbean and tempeh powder. This study was aimed to examine the nutrients content and the sensory quality of local RUTF. The method utilised were acceptability test on severe malnourished children, chemical analyses to identify nutrient content and safety analysis towards microbial and heavy metal contaminants. The results showed that RUTF contained energy ranging from 521 kcal /100 g to 530 kcal/100 g, and protein ranging from 14,1 g/100 g to 16,9 g/100g. The RUTF was acceptable by malnourished children under five years old

Potential of Phytase Enzymes as Biocatalysts for Improved Nutritional Value of Rice Bran for Broiler Feed

ABSTRACT Phytase is one of the enzymes belonging to the group phosphatase capable of hydrolyzing phytic compounds in the form of myo-inositol (1.2.3.4.5.6) hexsa into myo-inositol phosphatase and organic phosphate . In the digestive tract nonruminant livestock (poultry) there is no phytaseenzymes , it causes the content of the rice bran phytate compounds are difficult to digest because of the strong chelating properties , so it wasted phytate with feces. Restrictions on the use of rice bran in the diet because the fiber content and high phyticacid . One alternative to reduce the phytate content of the feed is to use phytase enzyme produced from Actinobacillus sp and Bacillus pumilus) is expected to hydrolyze phytic acid ( myo-inositol 1.2.3.4.5.6-hexakisphosphate) for rice bran orthophosphate in organic produce and a series of lower phosphoric into myo -inositol -free , so all minerals such as P, Cawhich is an important mineral to be released and used for the growth of broiler chickens. The results obtained adding the enzyme phytase can improve the nutritional quality of rice bran content is increasing crude protein, crude fiber and increasing decline in the availability of minerals calcium and phosphorus

Penanganan Balita Gizi Buruk di Puskesmas Provinsi Banten, Jawa Barat, Kalimantan Barat, dan Nusa Tenggara Timur

Abstrak Masalah balita gizi buruk cenderung menurun pada tahun 2018, namun di beberapa daerah kasus gizi buruk meningkat menjadi KLB. Salah satu penanganannya melalui pemulihan di puskesmas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui sejauh mana penanganan gizi buruk dilakukan oleh tenaga kesehatan puskesmas dan kader posyandu. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mix methods, berlokasi di Kalimantan Barat, Banten, Jawa Barat dan Nusa Tenggara Timur. Dua kabupaten dipilih dari masing-masing provinsi, selanjutnya dari tiap kabupaten diambil satu puskesmas yang banyak kasus gizi buruk. Informan penelitian adalah Tenaga Pelaksana Gizi (TPG) puskesmas dan kader posyandu. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi pelayanan gizi dan kesehatan, makanan terapi, dan penyuluhan serta peranan kader. Cara pengumpulan data dengan wawancara, in-depth interview dan diskusi kelompok terarah. Analisis data kuantitatif disajikan secara deskriptif dan kualitatif dengan content analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar puskesmas di daerah penelitian menangani gizi buruk dengan cara rawat jalan. Belum semua TPG puskesmas mendapat pelatihan gizi buruk, hanya sebagian puskesmas menggunakan makanan terapi sedangkan lainnya menggunakan makanan tambahan yang tidak sesuai dengan pedoman. Dukungan sebagian kader dalam penanganan gizi buruk di puskesmas berupa penemuan kasus gizi buruk dan merujuknya, membagikan PMT ke rumah balita. Penanganan balita gizi buruk di puskesmas belum optimal karena tidak didukung dengan ketersediaan input berupa makanan terapi dan belum semua TPG mendapat pelatihan gizi buruk. Pelatihan gizi buruk untuk tenaga puskesmas perlu ditingkatkan dan sistem pengadaan makanan terapi di daerah perlu diperbaiki, agar kualitas pelayanan gizi buruk menjadi lebih baik. Kata kunci: gizi buruk, TPG, PMT, sistem pengadaan, pelayanan kesehatan Abstract The problem of severe malnutrition children under five years old tends to decline in 2018. One of the treatment measures was through recovery at the health center. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which severe malnutrition children was handled by health center nutrition officer and posyandu cadre. Mix methods approach was used as research design and the study was located in West Kalimantan, Banten, West Java and East Nusa Tenggara Provinces. Two districts were chosen, then one health center from each district was selected based on the highest severe malnutrition cases. The informants were nutrition officer of health center and posyandu cadres. The data collected were nutrition and health services, therapeutic food, counseling, and the role of cadres. Data was collected through interview, in-depth interview, and focus group discussion. Quantitative data analysis was presented descriptively and qualitative data was presented with content analysis.The majority of health centers handled severe malnutrition children in outpatient treatment setting. Not all nutrition officer of health centre have received training in handling severe malnutrition. Only some health centers used therapeutic food while others used supplementary foods that was not recommended. The support of cadre was seen in the form of finding cases of malnutrition and distributing supplementary food to the malnourished children’s homes. The handling of malnourished children in health centers was not optimal, because it was not supported by the availability of therapeutic food and not all nutrition officer have been trained. For recommendations, nutrition training for health center staff needs to be increased and the system for provision therapeutic food in the regions needs to be improved in order to improve the quality of nutrition services. Keywords: severe malnutrition, health center nutrition officer, mix methods, indepth interview, content analysi