PELATIHAN HSK SEBAGAI UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KEMAHIRAN BERBAHASA MANDARIN BAGI GURU-GURU BAHASA MANDARIN SE-MALANG RAYA

ABSTRAKPembelajaran Bahasa Mandarin menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat untuk membekali diri dalam dunia kerja, sehingga banyak sekolah mulai dari Sekolah Dasar (SD) sampai Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) memunculkan mata pelajaran Bahasa Mandarin. Guru merupakan salah satu faktor utama berlangsungnya pembelajaran efektif. sebagian besar guru Bahasa Mandarin di Malang belum memiliki sertifikat 汉语水平考试 HSK  yang menjadi tolak ukur kemampuan minimal seseorang dalam menguasai Bahasa Mandarin, terutama bagi pengajar atau guru Bahasa Madarin. Pengabdian pelatihan 汉语水平考试 HSK sebagai upaya meningkatkan kemahiran berbahasa Mandarin bagi guru-guru bahasa Mandarin ini dimaksudkan untuk mengoptimalkan tingkat profesionalitas serta kemampuan berbahasa Mandarin guru-guru Bahasa Mandarin. Adapun kegiatan dalam pengabdian berupa (1) Memperkenalkan beberapa hal yang harus diperhatikan dalam 汉语水平考试 HSK; (2) Meperkenalan materi汉语水平考试 HSK; (3) Mendemonstrasikan penggunaan kosakata, tata Bahasa serta tips-tips mengertakan tes 汉语水平考试 HSK; (4) Guru praktek mengerjakan secara langsung tes汉语水平考试 HSK 4. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan HSK ini menunjukkan bahwa para guru antusias dalam mengikutipelatihan yang dilaksanakan, terbukti dari para guru dengan antusias mengerjakan soal latihan HSK, mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan mengenai HSK serta merespon pemateri selama kegiatan pelatihan HSK berlangsung. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan HSK penting dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berbahasa Mandarin guru-guru bahasa Mandarin dan juga dapat menambah wawasan tentang HSK terbaru bagi guru. Kata kunci: pelatihan; HSK; bahasa mandarin ABSTRACTLearning Chinese has become a community need to equip themselves in the world of work so that many schools from Elementary School (SD) to Senior High School (SMA) introduce Chinese subjects. The teacher is one of the main factors for effective learning to take place. Most Chinese teachers in Malang do not yet have an HSK certificate which is a benchmark for a person's minimum ability to master Chinese, especially for Chinese teacher. The HSK training as an effort to improve Chinese language proficiency for Chinese teachers is intended to optimize the level of professionalism and Chinese language skills of Chinese teachers. The activities in this training are (1) Introducing several things that must be considered in HSK; (2) Introducing the material汉语水平考试 HSK; (3) Demonstrating the use of vocabulary, grammar, and tips for writing the HSK test; (4) Teachers practice working directly on the HSK test level 4. The results of this HSK training activity show that the teachers are enthusiastic in participating in the HSK test the training carried out, the teachers enthusiastically working on the HSK training, asking several questions about HSK, and responding to the presenters during the HSK training activities. Thus, it can be concluded that HSK training is important to improve the Mandarin language skills of Chinese teachers and can also add insight into the latest HSK for teachers. Keywords: training; HSK; chinese language.

RAGAM BAHASA GAUL BAHASA MANDARIN DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL WECHAT PERIODE AGUSTUS s.d OKTOBER 2015

RAGAM BAHASA GAUL BAHASA MANDARIN DALAM MEDIA SOSIAL WECHAT PERIODE AGUSTUS s.d OKTOBER 2015 Karina Fefi Laksana Sakti Pendidikan Bahasa Mandarin, Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni, Universitas Negeri Surabaya E-mail : [email protected] Dosen Pembimbing: Dr. Subandi, M. Litt. Abstrak Bahasa mempunyai peranan yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia. Bahasa digunakan oleh penutur yang heterogen serta memiliki latar belakang sosial dan kebiasaan yang berbeda, sehingga bahasa itu menjadi beragam. Salah satu ragam bahasa tersebut yaitu ragam bahasa gaul. Penelitian ini berjudul “Ragam Bahasa Gaul Bahasa Mandarin dalam Media Sosial WeChat Periode Agustus s.d Oktober 015” ini menganalisis perubahan bunyi kata gaul bahasa Mandarin, proses morfologis pembentukan kata gaul bahasa Mandarin, dan fungsi penggunaan kata gaul tersebut. Pembentukan kata ragam gaul tersebut menunjukkan keunikan dan kevariatifan dalam ragam bahasa. Selain itu penggunaan ragam gaul dapat pula memperkaya kata bahasa Mandarin. Karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pembentukan kata ragam gaul bahasa Mandarin dalam media sosial WeChat. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif karena data penelitian ini bukan berupa angka, melainkan berupa kata bahasa gaul yang digunakan dalam media sosial WeChat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif karena bertujuan mendeskripsikan kata bahasa gaul yang digunakan dalam media sosial WeChat Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini telah ditemukan hasil tentang pembentukan kosakata gaul dalam media sosial WeChat yaitu, (1) perubahan bunyi kata bahasa gaul yaitu asimilasi fonemis, monoftongisasi, diftongisasi, dan kontraksi. (2) proses morfologis pembentukan kata bahasa gaul dalam media sosial WeChat yaitu afiksasi (akhiran), pemendekan, dan komposisi. (3) fungsi penggunaan kata gaul tersebut yaitu fungsi emotif, fungsi referensial, fungsi fatik, fungsi puitik, dan fungsi hiburan. Kata Kunci  : Bahasa gaul di Internet, fonologi, morfologi, fungsi bahasa   Abstract Language has important role in human being life. Language is used by the heterogenic speakers who have various social backgrounds and customs that makes language become very complex. One of style is Slang.  This research is entitled “Mandarin’s  Slang in WeChat Social Media in August-October 2015 Period” wants to analyze the sound transfoemation in Mandarin’s slang word, morphological process in forming the slang word, and the function of the slang word itself. The establishing of the slang word shows the unique variety of language. Moreover, using slang can enrich the Mandarin’s vocabulary. Therefore, this research is held to discover how the Mandarin’s slang can be formed in WeChat social media. The research is qualitative research since the data in this research is not in the form of number but the variety of slang word that is used in WeChat social media. This research intends to describe the slang word vocabularies which are used by the users of WeChat social media. In consequence, the research is using descriptive method. Based on the analysis performed, the research has discovered the result of the forming Mandarin’s slang word in WeChat social media are: (1) Sound changes i.e. phonemic assimilation, monophthongisazion, dipfthongisazion, and contraction. (2) Morphologycal process in forming slang word i.e. suffix, abbreviation, and composition. (3) the function of slang word i.e. emoyive function, referential function, fatic function, poetic function, and entertainment function. Keywords: Slang language variation, Phonology, Morphology, language function

Authentic Assessment pada Keterampilan Menulis Siswa Bahasa Mandarin

AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi penilaian autentik, kendala yang ditemukan dalam aktivitas pembelajaran, serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan, dan analisis dokumen. Sumber data penelitian yaitu dua orang guru bahasa Mandarin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian autentik pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin siswa SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur berfokus pada tiga hal: penerapan penilaian autentik oleh guru secara umum telah diterapkan dalam bentuk teknik penilaian sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan; kendala yang dihadapi guru berasal dari guru dan siswa, keterbatasan waktu, serta kriteria penilaian yang cukup kompleks; upaya yang dilakukan mengatasai kendala yaitu menambah referensi terkait dan mengindentifikasi standar untuk mengukur kompetensi yang diharapkan dengan pemberian fokus tugas kontekstual serta penyiapan lebih awal dan matang pada perangkat pembelajaran. AbstractThe research aimed to describe the implementation of authentic assessment, the obstacles found in learning activities, and the efforts made to overcome difficulties in writing Chinese language skills. The research method was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected using interview, observation, and document analysis techniques. The research data sources were two Mandarin teachers. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that authentic assessment of the writing skills of Chinese students at SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kediri Regency, East Java focused on three things: the application of authentic assessment by teachers, in general, has been applied in the form of attitude, knowledge, and skills assessment techniques; the obstacles faced by teachers come from teachers and students, time constraints, and quite complex assessment criteria; efforts made to overcome the obstacles, namely adding related references and identifying standards to measure the expected competencies by providing a focus on contextual tasks as well as early and mature preparation of learning tools

PELATIHAN PENERAPAN汉语媒体 （HANYU MEITI）BAGI GURU-GURU BAHASA MANDARIN SE-MALANG RAYA

ABSTRAKPenggunaan media dalam pengajaran bahasa Mandarin oleh guru-guru SMA di kota Malang sangat terbatas, terlebih lagi pada pembahasan materi yang sulit seperti pelafalan, intonasi dan ejaan; tata bahasa dan aksara Mandarin (hanzi). Dari hasil observasi ditemukan bahwa penerapan media pembelajaran dalam pengajaran bahasa mandarin dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa sehingga mempengaruhi tingkat pemahaman siswa terhadap materi yang diajarkan. Oleh karena itu, diperlukannya pemahaman guru dalam menerapkan media pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin di kelas. Kegiatan pelatihan ini bersama dengan mitra MGMP Bahasa Mandarin Se- Malang Raya dengan tujuan untuk membantu guru dalam mengajarkan bahasa Mandarin kepada siswa melalui 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti). 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti) adalah media pembelajaran yang memaparkan materi bahasa Mandarin dengan jelas dan lengkap, serta juga sebagai alat bantu guru bahasa Mandarin dalam proses belajar mengajar. Metode pelaksanaan terdiri dari pengarahan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pelatihan. Adapun rincian kegiatan berupa (1) Memperkenalkan fungsi dan manfaat 汉语媒体（Hanyu Meiti) dalam pengajaran bahasa Mandarin; (2) Memperkenalkan langkah penggunaan汉语媒体（Hanyu Meiti）; (3) Mendemonstrasikan penggunaan汉语媒体（Hanyu Meiti) (4) Guru mempratekkan secara langsung. Hasil dari kegiatan didapatkan bahwa terlihat sekali antusias para guru dalam mengikuti pelatihan yang dilaksanakan, terbukti dari para guru mengajukan beberapa pertanyaan serta merespon pemateri selama kegiatan pelatihan. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa pelatihan bahasa Mandarin  penting dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala keterbatasan media pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin dan juga dapat menambah referensi media pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin bagi guru. Kata kunci: bahasa mandarin; media pembelajaran; guru SMA; pelatihan. ABSTRACTThe use of media in teaching Chinese by high school teachers in Malang is very limited, especially in discussing difficult materials such as pronunciation, intonation and spelling; grammar and Chinese characters (hanzi). From the observations it was found that the application of instructional media in teaching Chinese can increase student interest in learning so that it affects the level of student understanding of the material being taught. Therefore, it is necessary to have an understanding of teachers in implementing Chinese learning media in the classroom. This training activity together with Chinese MGMP partners throughout Malang Raya with the aim of assisting teachers in teaching Chinese to students through 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti）.汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti） is a learning media that describes Chinese material clearly and completely, as well as a tool for Chinese teachers in the teaching and learning process. The implementation method consists of directing and implementing training activities. The details of the activities are (1) Introducing the functions and benefits of 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti）in teaching Chinese; (2) Introducing the usage steps of 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti）; (3) Demonstrating the use of 汉语媒体 （Hanyu Meiti） (4) Teacher practicing directly. The results of the activity showed that the teachers were very enthusiastic in participating in the training carried out, as evidenced by the teachers asking several questions and responding to the speakers during the training activities. So it can be concluded that Mandarin language training is important to do to overcome the constraints of the limitations of Mandarin learning media and can also add references to Mandarin learning media for teachers. Keywords: chinese language; learning media; senior high school teacher; training

Developing a Learning Module 唐诗 (Tangshi)

Poetry is a critical element of literature which must be studied. The language in poetry is a parable language and difficult to understand because the language is rarely used in everyday life. Similarly, classical Chinese poetry preserves ancient Mandarin （文言文） [Wén yán wén] which was used in the past in China. This study is based on the findings of students’ difficulties in understanding the meaning of classical Chinese poetry. The research aimed to develop a learning medium in the form of a famous Chinese classical poetry learning module during the Tang Dynasty. There are three classical Chinese poems in this module, namely, the 静夜思 [ Jìngyè sī] by 李白 [Li Bai]; 春晓 [Chūnxiao] by ̌ 孟浩然 [Meng Haoran]; and 春夜 喜雨 [Chūnyè x ̌iyu] by ̌ 杜甫 [Du Fu], which are accompanied with an explanation of the poetry, learning activities, formative assignments, and evaluation. This study uses the Five Phases of Instructional Design Model developed by Cennamo and Kalk (2005). The results of this study indicate that the module is excellent and suitable for learning. Keywords: learning module, 唐诗 (Tangshi), literature Study, R&

PENGUATAN PEMAHAMAN MATERI LINTAS BUDAYA BAGI GURU MGMP BAHASA MANDARIN

ABSTRAKSaat ini, dengan meningkatnya hubungan politik, budaya, ekonomi dan pendidikan antara Indonesia dengan China, membuat hubungan antara kedua negara secara bertahap semakin hangat dan erat. Kedudukan bahasa Mandarin di Indonesia juga sangat penting. Hal tersebut terbukti dengan semakin meningkatnya kesadaran masyarakat akan pentingnya bahasa Mandarin dan diimbangi dengan semakin banyaknya instansi atau lembaga pendidikan yang membuka pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin. Dampak dari peningkatan investasi adalah dibangunnya banyak perusahaan dan membantu Indonesia dalam penyerapan tenaga kerja. Kelancaran kegiatan usaha tentunya perusahaan tersebut banyak membutuhkan tenaga kerja yang mampu berkomunikasi lancar bahasa Mandarin. Dari observasi dan wawancara yang dilakukan oleh peneliti terhadap MGMP bahasa Mandarin di kota Malang mendapatkan hasil data berupa guru memerlukan penguatan pemahaman terhadap wawasan bahasa Mandarin pada aspek materi lintas budaya. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan yaitu metode pembimbingan, diskusi dan ceramah. Data yang diambil selain dari data observasi selama dilaksanakan kegiatan juga mengambil data hasil kegiatan yang didapat berdasarkan angket yang disebar. Hasil dan tanggapan positif dapatkan dari hasil observasi maupun angket dan terlihat sekali antusias para guru dalam mengikuti kegiatan yang dilaksanakan dan juga pemahaman materi lintas budaya. Harapan peneliti melalui pelatihan yang singkat ini terjadinya jalinan komunikasi yang lebih baik guna membantu mengatasi kendala yang dihadapi dalam melakukan pembelajaran Mandarin. Kata kunci: pemahaman; mandarin; lintas budaya; MGMP. ABSTRACTCurrently, with the increasing political, cultural, economic and educational relations between Indonesia and China, the relations between the two countries are gradually getting warmer and closer. The position of Chinese in Indonesia is also very important. This is evidenced by the increasing public awareness of the importance of Chinese and balanced by the increasing number of institutions or educational institutions that open Chinese language learning. The smooth running of business activities, of course, the company requires a lot of workers who are able to communicate fluently in Chinese. From observations and interviews conducted by researchrers on The Chinese MGMP in the city of Malang obtained data results in the form of teachers requiring strengthening understanding of Chinese language insights on cross-cultural aspects of material. The implementation method used is the method of mentoring, discussion and lecture. The data taken apart from observation data during the activities carried out also took data from the results of activities obtained based on the questionnaires distributed. Positive results and responses were obtained from the results of observations and questionnaires and it was seen that the teachers were very enthusiastic in participating in the activities carried out and also understanding cross-cultural material. The researchers hope that through this short training, there will be a better communication network to help overcome the obstacles faced in learning Chinese. Keywords: understanding; chinese; cross-cultural; MGMP

Implementing Little Fox Chinese Video-Tailored Instruction in A Mandarin Listening Class

Listening skills are the first skills that must be mastered by learners before moving on to speaking, reading and writing skills. In the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic, teaching and learning activities are carried out online, therefore educators must have more effective learning strategies such as the use of learning media. This study discusses the application of video listening to Little Fox Chinese in Mandarin. This research is a qualitative descriptive research type because this study aims to describe the application of the Little Fox Chinese video in Listening 1 subject in the Mandarin Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Malang. The application of the Little Fox Chinese video was carried out in three stages, namely the initial, main, and final learning activities. Based on the results of observations, it can be concluded that the teaching and learning activities of listening 1 subjects with the application of the Little Fox Chinese video go smoothly and conducive. Based on the results of the interview, students revealed that the Little Fox Chinese video media was very interesting

Authentic Assessment pada Keterampilan Menulis Siswa Bahasa Mandarin

Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan implementasi penilaian autentik, kendala yang ditemukan dalam aktivitas pembelajaran, serta upaya yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi kesulitan pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan teknik wawancara, pengamatan, dan analisis dokumen. Sumber data penelitian yaitu dua orang guru bahasa Mandarin. Analisis data dilakukan dengan tahapan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penilaian autentik pada keterampilan menulis bahasa Mandarin siswa SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kabupaten Kediri, Jawa Timur berfokus pada tiga hal: penerapan penilaian autentik oleh guru secara umum telah diterapkan dalam bentuk teknik penilaian sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan; kendala yang dihadapi guru berasal dari guru dan siswa, keterbatasan waktu, serta kriteria penilaian yang cukup kompleks; upaya yang dilakukan mengatasai kendala yaitu menambah referensi terkait dan mengindentifikasi standar untuk mengukur kompetensi yang diharapkan dengan pemberian fokus tugas kontekstual serta penyiapan lebih awal dan matang pada perangkat pembelajaran. Abstract The research aimed to describe the implementation of authentic assessment, the obstacles found in learning activities, and the efforts made to overcome difficulties in writing Chinese language skills. The research method was descriptive qualitative. Data were collected using interview, observation, and document analysis techniques. The research data sources were two Mandarin teachers. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results showed that authentic assessment of the writing skills of Chinese students at SMA Negeri 1 Grogol, Kediri Regency, East Java focused on three things: the application of authentic assessment by teachers, in general, has been applied in the form of attitude, knowledge, and skills assessment techniques; the obstacles faced by teachers come from teachers and students, time constraints, and quite complex assessment criteria; efforts made to overcome the obstacles, namely adding related references and identifying standards to measure the expected competencies by providing a focus on contextual tasks as well as early and mature preparation of learning tools