A influência da religiosidade no materialismo de fiéis católicos do estado de Santa Catarina

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Sócio Econômico, Curso de Administração.No processo de compra existem diversos aspectos que influenciam o consumidor, desde racionais até emocionais. Um destes aspectos é a valorização dada à obtenção de posses, que caracteriza o materialismo. A religião e a religiosidade estão também relacionadas ao bem estar psicológico, social e emocional do indivíduo. Considerando que a maior parte da população brasileira declara-se pertencente à religião católica, o presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar o impacto da religião no materialismo entre os fiéis católicos residentes em Santa Catarina. Para a realização do estudo foram coletados 272 questionários aplicados via online e que continham duas escalas: a Escala Brasileira de Valores Materiais e a Escala de Religiosidade de Duke. Encontrou-se que não houve correlação significativa entre gênero, idade e renda com materialismo; porém, os católicos que possuem alta religiosidade intrínseca - aquelas ligadas a fatores psicológicos e convicções pessoais - possuem um menor grau de materialismo do que aquelas que possuem baixa religiosidade intrínseca. Conclui-se, portanto, que o grau materialismo pode ser influenciado pelas crenças pessoais quando vividas de forma intrínseca, porém os dados não podem ser generalizados. Sugere-se ainda pesquisas que contenham respondentes com baixa religiosidade ou sem religião para comparar ao grupo do estudo.There are several aspects, from rational to emotional, that influence consumers. One of these aspects is the value given to obtain possessions, the defining trait of materialism. Religion and religiosity are also related to the individual's psychological, social and emotional well-being. Taking into consideration that majority of the Brazilian population declares themselves as Catholics, this article aims to analyze the impact of religion on materialism among Catholic faithfuls living in the state of Santa Catarina. For the study, 272 questionnaires, applied online, were collected and contained two scales: the Brazilian Scale of Material Values and the Duke Religious Index. It was found that there was no significant correlation between gender, age and income with materialism. However, Catholics who have high intrinsic religiosity - linked to psychological factors and personal convictions - have a lower degree of materialism than those who have low intrinsic religiosity. Showing that the degree of materialism can be influenced by personal beliefs when lived intrinsically, but the data can not be generalized. It also suggests that researches containing subjects with low religiosity or no religion should be compared to the study group

HWA Expanded Scopes of Practice program evaluation: Extending the Role of Paramedics sub-project: final report

The Extending the Role of Paramedics (ERP) sub-project built on a model developed by the South Australian Ambulance Service (SAAS) which aims to provide a service that is complementary to primary health care, thus reducing emergency department presentations. The core of the model is training Extended Care Paramedics (ECPs) to treat patients in their usual place of residence, with referral to other health professionals if appropriate. ECPs manage patients with a diverse, and often ill-defined, range of signs and symptoms. Although these patients are deemed \u27low acuity\u27, these cases can be complex and require the ECP to apply advanced clinical reasoning. In many cases, the patient may have multiple chronic conditions and present as generally unwell. The published evidence to date generally supports an expansion of the role of paramedics to include the assessment and management of patients with minor illnesses and injuries to avoid transport to hospital. However, the evidence is primarily from overseas, particularly the United Kingdom, and more research is required to establish the effectiveness and safety of the model

HWA Expanded Scopes of Practice program evaluation: Advanced Practice in Endoscopy Nursing sub-project: final report

The Advanced Practice in Endoscopy Nursing (APEN) sub-project was undertaken in response to a national trend of increasing demand for endoscopy services, in part due to the implementation of the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. The aim was to train nurses to perform endoscopic procedures previously only undertaken in Australia by doctors. Although new to Australia, nurse endoscopists are well established in the United Kingdom. Recently published evidence based on a systematic review of the literature indicates that nurses can achieve similar results for efficacy and safety to those achieved by doctors

Here one year, gone the next? Investigating persistence of frequent emergency department attendance: a retrospective study in Australia

Objectives Patients are presenting to emergency departments (EDs) with increasing complexity at rates beyond population growth and ageing. Intervention studies target patients with 12 months or less of frequent attendance. However, these interventions are not well targeted since most patients do not remain frequent attenders. This paper quantifies temporary and ongoing frequent attendance and contrasts risk factors for each group. Design Retrospective population-based study using 10 years of longitudinal data. Setting An Australian geographic region that includes metropolitan and rural EDs. Participants 332 100 residents visited any ED during the study period. Main outcome measure Frequent attendance was defined as seven or more visits to any ED in the region within a 12-month period. Temporary frequent attendance was defined as meeting this threshold only once, and ongoing more than once. Risk factors for temporary and ongoing frequent attenders were identified using logistic regression models for adults and children. Results Of 8577 frequent attenders, 80.1% were temporary and 19.9% ongoing (12.9% repeat, 7.1% persistent). Among adults, ongoing were more likely than temporary frequent attenders to be young to middle aged (aged 25-64 years), and less likely to be from a high socioeconomic area or be admitted. Ongoing frequent attenders had higher rates of non-injury presentations, in particular substance-related (OR=2.5, 99% CI 1.1 to 5.6) and psychiatric illness (OR=2.9, 99% CI 1.8 to 4.6). In comparison, children who were ongoing were more likely than temporary frequent attenders to be aged 5-15 years, and were not more likely to be admitted (OR=2.7, 99% CI 0.7 to 10.9). Conclusions Future intervention studies should distinguish between temporary and ongoing frequent attenders, develop specific interventions for each group and include rigorous evaluation

Pubertal maturation and sex effects on the default-mode network connectivity implicated in mood dysregulation

This study examines the effects of puberty and sex on the intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) of brain networks, with a focus on the default-mode network (DMN). Consistently implicated in depressive disorders, the DMN’s function may interact with puberty and sex in the development of these disorders, whose onsets peak in adolescence, and which show strong sex disproportionality (females > males). The main question concerns how the DMN evolves with puberty as a function of sex. These effects are expected to involve within- and between-network iFC, particularly, the salience and the central-executive networks, consistent with the Triple-Network Model. Resting-state scans of an adolescent community sample (n = 304, male/female: 157/147; mean/std age: 14.6/0.41 years), from the IMAGEN database, were analyzed using the AFNI software suite and a data reduction strategy for the effects of puberty and sex. Three midline regions (medial prefrontal, pregenual anterior cingulate, and posterior cingulate), within the DMN and consistently implicated in mood disorders, were selected as seeds. Within- and between-network clusters of the DMN iFC changed with pubertal maturation differently in boys and girls (puberty-X-sex). Specifically, pubertal maturation predicted weaker iFC in girls and stronger iFC in boys. Finally, iFC was stronger in boys than girls independently of puberty. Brain–behavior associations indicated that lower connectivity of the anterior cingulate seed predicted higher internalizing symptoms at 2-year follow-up. In conclusion, weaker iFC of the anterior DMN may signal disconnections among circuits supporting mood regulation, conferring risk for internalizing disorders

The descriptive epidemiology of DSM-IV Adult ADHD in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys

We previously reported on the cross-national epidemiology of ADHD from the first 10 countries in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. The current report expands those previous findings to the 20 nationally or regionally representative WMH surveys that have now collected data on adult ADHD. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) was administered to 26,744 respondents in these surveys in high-, upper-middle-, and low-/lower-middle-income countries (68.5% mean response rate). Current DSM-IV/CIDI adult ADHD prevalence averaged 2.8% across surveys and was higher in high (3.6%)- and upper-middle (3.0%)- than low-/lower-middle (1.4%)-income countries. Conditional prevalence of current ADHD averaged 57.0% among childhood cases and 41.1% among childhood subthreshold cases. Adult ADHD was significantly related to being male, previously married, and low education. Adult ADHD was highly comorbid with DSM-IV/CIDI anxiety, mood, behavior, and substance disorders and significantly associated with role impairments (days out of role, impaired cognition, and social interactions) when controlling for comorbidities. Treatment seeking was low in all countries and targeted largely to comorbid conditions rather than to ADHD. These results show that adult ADHD is prevalent, seriously impairing, and highly comorbid but vastly under-recognized and undertreated across countries and cultures

Statistical methods for analysis of aggregate health performance data

Presentation to the COAG Reform Council

Imputation of household survey data using linear mixed models

This paper investigates whether using a linear mixed model to impute missing values in household surveys leads to improvement over imputation using a linear model and other standard imputation methods. The mixed model imputes leads to clear although not large improvements in predictive accuracy and the estimation of means, standard deviations and deciles, particularly when non-response is informative

Imputation of household survey data using mixed models

Household surveys collect information about a household and data items relating to one or more people within the household. Developing an efficient strategy for dealing with missing data is essential in the current climate of falling response rates. People within households are more likely to share characteristics than a random group of people and this homogeneity can be used when forming strategies for dealing with nonresponse. Amongst single value imputation methods, linear models and donor models are commonly used, but generally ignore relationships within households. These strategies make use of auxiliary variables available for nonrespondents to replace the missing value with a single value, for example a mean or donor value. Imputation strategies for missing items at person level will be the focus of this thesis. The goal is to make use of correlation structures within households to form improved imputed values for missing data. Imputation models are developed and assessed using the hierarchical structure of people within households. They are investigated for both continuous and binary missing response variables. Linear mixed imputation models, generalized linear mixed imputation models and donor imputation methods (random, within class and nearest neighbour) are investigated and compared to existing methods which do not exploit this hierarchical structure. The imputation methods are evaluated using data from two large-scale household surveys, the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (HILDA), and the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), on a range of criteria relevant to household surveys. For continuous variables a proposed household nearest neighbour method results in improved imputed values over other donor methods, and the success of the linear mixed model increases with the level of clustering. For binary variables the household nearest neighbour method and generalized linear mixed models both lead to improvements over standard donor and generalized linear methods. The household imputation methods are most beneficial for improving predictive accuracy and reproducing within-household clustering in the imputed dataset. They are of some benefit for variance estimation but did not achieve much improvement over single-level methods for bias reduction. The level of improvement often depends on the assumed nonresponse mechanism, with the linear mixed model more beneficial than the household donor method under informative nonresponse and higher levels of clustering. Otherwise, the donor household method was generally at least as good as the multilevel model and is less complex to implement