INTERNET USE AND ADOLESCENTS' SCHOOL EXPERIENCE

International audienceConfusion was brought both in the way knowledge is available and in the status of communication with others by Internet. The socialization of adolescents moves on a way of exchanges through media; short and frequent ties enabling them to establish their independence towards their family. The numerical culture fails to encounter the meaning of school facts. What are the effects of adolescents’ home Internet usage on homework ? We state the hypothesis that Internet modify the relation to knowledge and has an effect upon the pupil’s school mobilization. An exploratory research achieved by focus group and questionnaires concerning 63 secondary school I students (mean age: 12.7) enabled us to benefit from a description of the different uses (Internet activity and parenting style). The results (SPSS and contents analysis) underline that the communicative function of Internet is mainly used by youths to the prejudice of school investment (talks and hobbies: 71,3 % - cultural interest : 28,7 %). Moreover, with reference to Vygotski, Bion and Winnicott theories, the study questions the concept of “tutelage” and makes us wonder about the place of the adult (parent and teacher) in the learning process. Both school and parents involvement modify the way the adolescent uses Internet. The student followed by his teacher on Internet is more likely to invest the cultural function. Parents’ involvement is nearer the concept of control than support and has an effect upon the time spent by the adolescent on Internet so as to protect sufficient space for school work

Effect of an oral supplementation with a proprietary melon juice concentrate (Extramel®) on stress and fatigue in healthy people: a pilot, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Recent studies have demonstrated a correlation between perceived stress and oxidative stress. As SOD is the main enzyme of the enzymatic antioxidant defence system of the body, we evaluated the effect of an oral daily intake of a proprietary melon juice concentrate rich in SOD (EXTRAMEL^®) on the signs and symptoms of stress and fatigue in healthy volunteers.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This randomized, double blind, placebo controlled clinical study was conducted with seventy healthy volunteers aged between 30 and 55 years, who feel daily stress and fatigue. They took the dietary supplement based on the melon juice concentrate (10 mg Extramel^®corresponding to 140 IU SOD per capsule) or a placebo one time daily during 4 weeks. Stress and fatigue were measured using four observational psychometric scales: FARD, PSS-14, SF-12 and Epworth scale. The study was conducted by Isoclin, a clinical research organization, located in Poitiers, France.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>No adverse effect was noted. The supplementation with the proprietary melon juice concentrate bringing 140 IU SOD/day significantly improved signs and symptoms of stress and fatigue linked to performance, physical (pain, sleep troubles), cognitive (concentration, weariness, sleep troubles) or behavioural (attitude, irritability, difficulty of contact) compared to the placebo. In the same way, quality of life and perceived stress were significantly improved with SOD supplementation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This pilot study showed that an oral supplementation with a proprietary melon juice concentrate rich in SOD may have a positive effect on several signs and symptoms of perceived stress and fatigue.</p

Spooks and Holy Ghosts: Spectral Politics and the Politics of Spectrality in Hilary Mantel's 'Eight Months on Ghazzah Street'

This article maps the complex interactions between the political and the spectral in Hilary Mantel’s critically neglected novel Eight Months on Ghazzah Street, charting the complex and sometimes paradoxical relationships between agency, invisibility, spectrality, and power that are present in this text. By mobilizing the work of Jacques Rancière alongside the thinking of Jacques Lacan, this article establishes Eight Months on Ghazzah Street as a text driven by the need to articulate the politically charged nature of the liminal space wherein individuals and events can be rendered spectral

The large-scale evolution of neodymium isotopic composition in the global modern and Holocene ocean revealed from seawater and archive data

Neodymium isotopic compositions (143Nd/144Nd or εNd) have been used as a tracer of water masses and lithogenic inputs to the ocean. To further evaluate the faithfulness of this tracer, we have updated a global seawater εNd database and combined it with hydrography parameters (temperature, salinity, nutrients and oxygen concentrations), carbon isotopic ratio and radiocarbon of dissolved inorganic carbon. Archive εNd data are also compiled for leachates, foraminiferal tests, deep-sea corals and fish teeth/debris from the Holocene period (< 10,000 years). At water depths ≥ 1500 m, property-property plots show clear correlations between seawater εNd and the other variables, suggesting that large-scale water mass mixing is a primary control of deepwater εNd distribution. At ≥ 200 m, basin-scale seawater T-S-εNd diagrams demonstrate the isotopic evolution of different water masses. Seawater and archive εNd values are compared using property-property plots and T-S-εNd diagrams. Archive values generally agree with corresponding seawater values although they tend to be at the upper limit in the Pacific. Both positive and negative offsets exist in the northern North Atlantic. Applying multiple regression analysis to deep (≥ 1500 m) seawater data, we established empirical equations that predict the main, large-scale, deepwater εNd trends from hydrography parameters. Large offsets from the predicted values are interpreted as a sign of significant local/regional influence. Dominant continental influence on seawater and archive εNd is observed mainly within 1000 km from the continents. Generally, seawater and archive εNd values form gradual latitudinal trend in the Atlantic and Pacific at depths ≥ 600 m, consistent with the idea that Nd isotopes help distinguish between northern/southern sourced water contributions at intermediate and deep water depths

Bone marrow graft versus peripheral blood graft in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cells transplantation: a retrospective analysis in1344 patients of SFGM-TC registry.

peer reviewedThe use of peripheral blood (PB) or bone marrow (BM) stem cells graft in haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis remains controversial. Moreover, the value of adding anti-thymoglobulin (ATG) to PTCy is unknown. A total of 1344 adult patients received an unmanipulated haploidentical transplant at 37 centers from 2012 to 2019 for hematologic malignancy. We compared the outcomes of patients according to the type of graft, using a propensity score analysis. In total population, grade II-IV and III-IV acute GVHD (aGVHD) were lower with BM than with PB. Grade III-IV aGVHD was lower with BM than with PB + ATG. All outcomes were similar in PB and PB + ATG groups. Then, in total population, adding ATG does not benefit the procedure. In acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome and myeloproliferative syndrome (AL-MDS-MPS) subgroup receiving non-myeloablative conditioning, risk of relapse was twice greater with BM than with PB (51 vs. 22%, respectively). Conversely, risk of aGVHD was greater with PB (38% for aGVHD II-IV; 16% for aGVHD III-IV) than with BM (28% for aGVHD II-IV; 8% for aGVHD III-IV). In this subgroup with intensified conditioning regimen, risk of relapse became similar with PB and BM but risk of aGVHD III-IV remained higher with PB than with BM graft (HR = 2.0; range [1.17-3.43], p = 0.012)

Impact de la source du greffon et de l'ajout de sérum anti-lymphocytaire sur le devenir des patients allogreffés de cellules souches hématopoïétiques avec un donneur familial haploidentique et une prophylaxie de la maladie du greffon contre l’hôte

Médecine (hématologie)Cette étude rétrospective étudie l’impact de la source cellulaire (moelle osseuse (MO) vs cellules souches périphériques (CSP)) et de l’utilisation de sérum anti-lymphocytaire (CSP+SAL) dans le contexte de greffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques haploidentiques. Nous avons étudié 1343 patients traités entre 2012 et 2019. Il n’y a pas de différence en survie (OS ou GRFS) en fonction de la source du greffon dans la population globale ou dans le sous-groupe de patients traités pour leucémie aiguë et pathologies myéloïdes. L’utilisation d’un greffon médullaire diminue le risque de GVHD aiguë dans la population globale et dans le sous-groupe avec conditionnement atténué. La diminution du risque de GVHD aiguë avec greffon de MO n’est pas associée à un excès de risque de rechute. Cet effet sur la GVHD aiguë n’est pas retrouvé dans le sous-groupe d’intérêt avec conditionnement myéloablatif. Par ailleurs l’ajout de SAL ne permet pas d’améliorer les résultats des patients greffés.This retrospective study investigates the impact of cell source (bone marrow (BM) vs peripheral stem cells (PSC)) and anti-thymoglobulin (PSC+ATG) use in the setting of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. We studied 1343 patients treated between 2012 and 2019. There was no difference in survival (OS or GRFS) based on graft source in the overall population or in the subgroup of patients treated for acute leukemia and myeloid pathologies. The use of bone marrow graft decreases the risk of acute GVHD in the overall population and in the subgroup with attenuated conditioning. The decreased risk of acute GVHD with BM graft is not associated with an excess risk of relapse. This effect on acute GVHD was not found in the subgroup of interest with myeloablative conditioning. Furthermore, the addition of SAL does not improve the outcome of transplanted patients.Thèses et écrits académique

Visibilité de la place de l'adulte (parents et enseignants) auprès de l'adolescent dans le rapport à l'apprendre (horizontalité des pratiques d'internet et mobilisation scolaire)

Internet révolutionne les foyers et concerne plus spécifiquement les adolescents. Il s'agit de nouvelles façons de communiquer, d être en relation avec les pairs. Dans cette dynamique actuelle d'échanges caractérisée par un brouillage des repères habituels d'espace-temps, les adolescents se frayent une nouvelle voie d'accès à la connaissance, loin des sentiers battus de l'école et de la transmission familiale. La culture numérique adolescente paraît se heurter à une réalité scolaire qui ne fait plus sens. La scolarité mais aussi la vie familiale (soumise elle aussi à de profonds changements) subissent les conséquences de la reconfiguration du quotidien imposée par les nouvelles technologies. L'évolution de notre société a contribué au manque de visibilité de la place de l'adulte (parent/enseignant) dans le processus développemental de l'enfant et de l'adolescent. L approche socio-constructiviste de Vygotski (1933 Zone Proximale de Développement) ainsi que l approche psychanalytique de Bion (1982 capacité de penser) et de Winnicott (1971 aire transitionnelle) posent l importance de la place de l Adulte dans les processus développementaux. La prédominance de la dimension d horizontalité accentuée par les nouvelles technologies occultant l exigence de verticalité semble s accompagner de risques sur la socialisation et la mobilisation scolaire des adolescents. Cette recherche vise à identifier les relations entre les pratiques numériques, les représentations de l engagement éducatif de l Adulte (parents et enseignants) et la mobilisation scolaire des adolescents. La question que nous nous posons est la suivante : dans quelle mesure les pratiques numériques des adolescents peuvent-elles favoriser leur mobilisation scolaire ? Une enquête par questionnaires menée auprès de 323 collégiens, âgés de 11 à 16 ans, nous a permis de confirmer que les adolescents ayant élaboré des représentations de l engagement éducatif parental vis-à-vis d Internet en lien avec la scolarité investissent la sphère culturelle d Internet. Les analyses de discours par l approche phénoménologique, lexicométrique et à l aide de catégories conceptualisantes, effectuées à l issue des entretiens menés auprès d un sous-échantillon de 9 adolescents confirment que la visibilité de la symbolique de la verticalité représentée par l adulte (parents et enseignants) contribue à la co-construction de sens dans la mobilisation scolaire. L étude de cas atteste de la pertinence de notre modèle soulignant l importance des interactions d une part et le rôle des processus inconscients d autre part.Internet revolutionizes homes and reaches more specifically teenagers. It s a matter of practising, new ways of dealing with one s peers, communicating. In this present exchanges dynamism characterized by a scrambling of usual spacing and timing marks, teenagers break their way in having access in Knowledges, turning aside from the beaten track (school and family). School as well as family life (under deep changes too) are closely questioned by the consequences of the reconfiguration of the daily life carried out by new technologies. The evolution of our society contributed to the want of visibility of the adult s place (parents and teachers) in the developmental process of children and teenagers. The socio-constructivist approach of Vygotski (1933, Developmental Proximal Zone) as well as the psycho-analytic approach of Winnicott (1972, Transitional area) and of Bion, (1982, the Thinking ability) set the importance of the adult s place in the developmental processes. The prevalence of the horizontal dimension emphasized by new technologies hid-ing the need of verticality seems to go along with socialization and school risks for teenagers. This research aims at pointing out the relations between numer-ical practices, teenagers perception of adults involvement (parents and teach-ers) and school mobilization. To what extent teenagers numerical practices can further school mobilization ? An extensive study achieved among a sample of 323 adolescents from 11 to 16 years old, has confirmed parental involvement adolescents perception guide adolescents towards Internet cultural practices. The answers of 9 teenagers chosen for their Internet intensive use, collected during semi-directive interviews, enabled us to provide greater details concern-ing these results. The need of verticality symbolised by the adult (parents, teachers) leading to the co-construction of meaning in school mobilization is confirmed by the qualitative analysis (phenomenologic, conceptual categories and lexico-statistics analysis). The clinical study certifies our model is relevant underlining the significance of interactions on the one hand and of the part of the unconscious processes on the other hand.TOULOUSE2-SCD-Bib. electronique (315559903) / SudocSudocFranceF

Dietary Supplementation with a Superoxide Dismutase-Melon Concentrate Reduces Stress, Physical and Mental Fatigue in Healthy People: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Background: We aimed to investigate effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD)-melon concentrate supplementation on psychological stress, physical and mental fatigue in healthy people. Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed on 61 people divided in two groups: active supplement (n = 32) and placebo (n = 29) for 12 weeks. Volunteers were given one small hard capsule per day. One capsule contained 10 mg of SOD-melon concentrate (140 U of SOD) and starch for the active supplement and starch only for the placebo. Stress and fatigue were evaluated using four psychometric scales: PSS-14; SF-36; Stroop tests and Prevost scale. Results: The supplementation with SOD-melon concentrate significantly decreased perceived stress, compared to placebo. Moreover, quality of life was improved and physical and mental fatigue were reduced with SOD-melon concentrate supplementation. Conclusion: SOD-melon concentrate supplementation appears to be an effective and natural way to reduce stress and fatigue. Trial registration: trial approved by the ethical committee of Poitiers (France), and the ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier is NCT01767922

The Importance of Water Mass Transport and Dissolved‐Particle Interactions on the Aluminum Cycle in the Subtropical North Atlantic

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