Semantics and Validation of Shapes Schemas for RDF

We present a formal semantics and proof of soundness for shapes schemas, an expressive schema language for RDF graphs that is the foundation of Shape Expressions Language 2.0. It can be used to describe the vocabulary and the structure of an RDF graph, and to constrain the admissible properties and values for nodes in that graph. The language defines a typing mechanism called shapes against which nodes of the graph can be checked. It includes an algebraic grouping operator, a choice operator and cardinality constraints for the number of allowed occurrences of a property. Shapes can be combined using Boolean operators, and can use possibly recursive references to other shapes. We describe the syntax of the language and define its semantics. The semantics is proven to be well-defined for schemas that satisfy a reasonable syntactic restriction, namely stratified use of negation and recursion. We present two algorithms for the validation of an RDF graph against a shapes schema. The first algorithm is a direct implementation of the semantics, whereas the second is a non-trivial improvement. We also briefly give implementation guidelines

Shape Expressions Schemas

We present Shape Expressions (ShEx), an expressive schema language for RDF designed to provide a high-level, user friendly syntax with intuitive semantics. ShEx allows to describe the vocabulary and the structure of an RDF graph, and to constrain the allowed values for the properties of a node. It includes an algebraic grouping operator, a choice operator, cardinalitiy constraints for the number of allowed occurrences of a property, and negation. We define the semantics of the language and illustrate it with examples. We then present a validation algorithm that, given a node in an RDF graph and a constraint defined by the ShEx schema, allows to check whether the node satisfies that constraint. The algorithm outputs a proof that contains trivially verifiable associations of nodes and the constraints that they satisfy. The structure can be used for complex post-processing tasks, such as transforming the RDF graph to other graph or tree structures, verifying more complex constraints, or debugging (w.r.t. the schema). We also show the inherent difficulty of error identification of ShEx

Aplicación del sistema Dispatch para mejorar el MTBF y MTTR en el programa de mantenimiento de los componentes de camiones de acarreo en la Empresa Minera Antamina - 2021

Esta investigación tiene como finalidad Aplicar el sistema DISPATCHM para mejorar el MTBF y MTTR en el programa de mantenimiento de los componentes de camiones de acarreo Caso Antamina. Según indagación en la Empresa Minera Antamina, se observa un incremento en el número de paradas no planificadas de los camiones que requieren la reparación de componentes por problemas mecánicos de sus diferentes sub componentes, que a menudo necesitan ser internados en el taller de reparación y mantenimiento hasta en 12 a 24 horas. Esto ha repercutido en la disponibilidad mecánica, situándola por debajo del objetivo de disponibilidad del área de operaciones. Esta Investigación corresponde a método hipotético deductivo, explicativo, el diseño de estudio que se empleó es experimental de enfoque cuantitativo; con una población y muestra de 100 camiones mineros; para recolectar datos se usó la técnica observacional y análisis documental. Según los resultados con la aplicación del sistema DISPATCH tuvo un impacto positivo en la disponibilidad mecánica, con una diferencia favorable del 90,1 %, demostrando la eficacia del sistema; se logró el incremento de tiempo de la disponibilidad mecánica de 3,12 %. En conclusión, la detección de eventos potenciales permitió una evaluación más precisa de la criticidad de la falla, lo que dio lugar a un aumento del 25,17 % en el tiempo medio entre las fallas

Retreat Sites Shared by Two Liolaemus Lizard Species: Exploring the Potential Role of Scents

Some lizard species modulate the use of a retreat site based on the presence of scents from other individuals, behavior that requires scent recognition. Here, we investigated if two congeneric and syntopic lizards (adults of Liolaemus coeruleus and juveniles of L. ceii, which can be found sharing retreat sites in the wild) discriminate scents from each other during the pre-hibernation period. If the presence of heterospecific scents modulates sharing retreat sites, species would discriminate each other’s scents. Lizards were individually exposed to four treatments, which were enclosures with scents of (1) from the focal individual (own); (2) a conspecific of the same sex as the focal lizard; (3) a heterospecific of the same sex as the focal lizard; and (4) a control (i.e., enclosure with a clean substrate). Our results suggest that there is no heterospecific recognition. This finding was not due to an inability to chemo-assess scents, since both species exhibited self-recognition (recognition of their own scents) and juveniles of L. ceii also showed conspecific recognition. Although it might be advantageous for species to share retreat sites, chemical recognition of heterospecific scents does not modulate this behavior in these syntopic species.Algunas especies de lagartos modulan el uso de un sitio de retiro basados en la presencia de rastros de olores de otros individuos presentes en el sitio, comportamiento que requiere reconocimiento de estos rastros de olores. En este trabajo, investigamos dos lagartos cogenéricos y sintópicos (adultos de Liolaemus coeruleus y juveniles de L. ceii, los cuales pueden ser encontrados en la naturaleza compartiendo sitios de retiro), si discriminan los rastros de olores de cada uno de ellos durante el periodo pre-invernal. Si la presencia de rastros de olores heteroespecíficos modula el compartir sitios de retiro, ambas especies discriminarían los rastros de olores entre sí. Los lagartos fueron expuestos individualmente a cuatro tratamientos, los cuales fueron los recintos con diferentes olores de: (1) propio, del individuo focal; (2) conespecífico del mismo sexo que el lagarto focal; (3) heteroespecífico del mismo sexo que el focal y (4) control, i.e., un recinto con substrato limpio. Nuestros resultados sugieren que no habría presencia de reconocimiento químico heteroespecífico, lo cual, no es consecuencia de una incapacidad para evaluar rastros químicos, puesto que ambas especies exhibieron auto reconocimiento (reconocimiento de sus rastros de olores propios) y los juveniles de L. ceii además exhibieron reconocimiento de sus conespecíficos. A pesar de que estas especies puedan beneficiarse de compartir sitios de refugio, aparentemente, el reconocimiento químico de los rastros de heterospecíficos, no modularía el sitio de refugio compartido por estas especies sintópicas.Fil: Ruiz Monachesi, Mario Ricardo. Universidad Nacional de Salta; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Valdecantos, Maria Soledad. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Lobo Gaviola, Fernando Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Salta. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA. Universidad Nacional de Salta. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Museo de Ciencias Naturales. Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA; ArgentinaFil: Cruz, Felix Benjamin. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma | Universidad Nacional del Comahue. Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Medioambiente. Subsede San Martín de Los Andes-inibioma.; ArgentinaFil: Labra, Antonieta. University of Oslo; Norueg

Semi Automatic Construction of ShEx and SHACL Schemas

We present a method for the construction of SHACL or ShEx constraints for an existing RDF dataset. It has two components that are used conjointly: an algorithm for automatic schema construction, and an interactive workflow for editing the schema. The schema construction algorithm takes as input sets of sample nodes and constructs a shape constraint for every sample set. It can be parametrized by a schema pattern that defines structural requirements for the schema to be constructed. Schema patterns are also used to feed the algorithm with relevant information about the dataset coming from a domain expert or from some ontology. The interactive workflow provides useful information about the dataset, shows validation results w.r.t. the schema under construction, and offers schema editing operations that combined with the schema construction algorithm allow to build a complex ShEx or SHACL schema

Shape Designer for ShEx and SHACL Constraints

International audienceWe present Shape Designer, a graphical tool for building SHACL or ShEx constraints for an existing RDF dataset. Shape Designer allows to automatically extract complex constraints that are satisfied by the data. Its integrated shape editor and validator allow expert users to combine and modify these constraints in order to build an arbitrarily complex ShEx or SHACL schema

A Web-Based Tool for Automatic Data Collection, Curation, and Visualization of Complex Healthcare Survey Studies including Social Network Analysis

8 p.There is a great concern nowadays regarding alcohol consumption and drug abuse, especially in young people. Analyzing the social environment where these adolescents are immersed, as well as a series of measures determining the alcohol abuse risk or personal situation and perception using a number of questionnaires like AUDIT, FAS, KIDSCREEN, and others, it is possible to gain insight into the current situation of a given individual regarding his/her consumption behavior. But this analysis, in order to be achieved, requires the use of tools that can ease the process of questionnaire creation, data gathering, curation and representation, and later analysis and visualization to the user. This research presents the design and construction of a web-based platform able to facilitate each of the mentioned processes by integrating the different phases into an intuitive system with a graphical user interface that hides the complexity underlying each of the questionnaires and techniques used and presenting the results in a flexible and visual way, avoiding any manual handling of data during the process. Advantages of this approach are shown and compared to the previous situation where some of the tasks were accomplished by time consuming and error prone manipulations of data.S

Evaluation of predictive factors for i-CLARAS (intraoperative complications in laparoscopic renal and adrenal surgery): a multicentre international retrospective cohort study

The laparoscopic approach represents the standard of treatment for renal and adrenal diseases, and its use is increasing even outside referral centres. Although most procedures are routinely performed, intraoperative complications do not occur, and the rate and predictive factors of these complications have not been established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and type of intraoperative complications and to identify predictive factors in patients undergoing laparoscopic renal and adrenal surgery. This was a cohort, multicentre, international retrospective study. Patients who underwent laparoscopic renal and adrenal surgeries between April 2017 and March 2022 were included in the study. Bivariate analysis was performed using contingency tables and the χ2 test for independent samples to compare qualitative variables and the T test and Mood test for continuous variables. Multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model to obtain adjusted odds ratios. A total of 2374 patients were included in the study. Intraoperative complications were reported for 8.09% of patients who underwent renal surgery, with the most common complications reported being hollow viscus and vascular complications, and for 6.75% of patients who underwent adrenal surgery, with the most common complication reported being parenchymatous viscous complications. Multivariate analysis revealed that both adrenal and renal surgery radiological preoperative factors, such as invasive features during adrenalectomy and the RENAL score during nephrectomy, are predictive factors of intraoperative complications. In contrast to existing data, surgeon experience was not associated with a reduction in the incidence of perioperative complications