3,300 research outputs found
Simulation of many-qubit quantum computation with matrix product states
Matrix product states provide a natural entanglement basis to represent a
quantum register and operate quantum gates on it. This scheme can be
materialized to simulate a quantum adiabatic algorithm solving hard instances
of a NP-Complete problem. Errors inherent to truncations of the exact action of
interacting gates are controlled by the size of the matrices in the
representation. The property of finding the right solution for an instance and
the expected value of the energy are found to be remarkably robust against
these errors. As a symbolic example, we simulate the algorithm solving a
100-qubit hard instance, that is, finding the correct product state out of ~
10^30 possibilities. Accumulated statistics for up to 60 qubits point at a slow
growth of the average minimum time to solve hard instances with
highly-truncated simulations of adiabatic quantum evolution.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, final versio
Entanglement and Quantum Phase Transition Revisited
We show that, for an exactly solvable quantum spin model, a discontinuity in
the first derivative of the ground state concurrence appears in the absence of
quantum phase transition. It is opposed to the popular belief that the
non-analyticity property of entanglement (ground state concurrence) can be used
to determine quantum phase transitions. We further point out that the
analyticity property of the ground state concurrence in general can be more
intricate than that of the ground state energy. Thus there is no one-to-one
correspondence between quantum phase transitions and the non-analyticity
property of the concurrence. Moreover, we show that the von Neumann entropy, as
another measure of entanglement, can not reveal quantum phase transition in the
present model. Therefore, in order to link with quantum phase transitions, some
other measures of entanglement are needed.Comment: RevTeX 4, 4 pages, 1 EPS figures. some modifications in the text.
Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Quantum simulation of an extra dimension
We present a general strategy to simulate a D+1-dimensional quantum system
using a D-dimensional one. We analyze in detail a feasible implementation of
our scheme using optical lattice technology. The simplest non-trivial
realization of a fourth dimension corresponds to the creation of a bivolume
geometry. We also propose single- and many-particle experimental signatures to
detect the effects of the extra dimension.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, revtex style;v2 minor changes, references adde
Frustration, interaction strength and ground-state entanglement in complex quantum systems
Entanglement in the ground state of a many-body quantum system may arise when
the local terms in the system Hamiltonian fail to commute with the interaction
terms in the Hamiltonian. We quantify this phenomenon, demonstrating an analogy
between ground-state entanglement and the phenomenon of frustration in spin
systems. In particular, we prove that the amount of ground-state entanglement
is bounded above by a measure of the extent to which interactions frustrate the
local terms in the Hamiltonian. As a corollary, we show that the amount of
ground-state entanglement is bounded above by a ratio between parameters
characterizing the strength of interactions in the system, and the local energy
scale. Finally, we prove a qualitatively similar result for other energy
eigenstates of the system.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Quantum Phase Transitions and Bipartite Entanglement
We develop a general theory of the relation between quantum phase transitions
(QPTs) characterized by nonanalyticities in the energy and bipartite
entanglement. We derive a functional relation between the matrix elements of
two-particle reduced density matrices and the eigenvalues of general two-body
Hamiltonians of -level systems. The ground state energy eigenvalue and its
derivatives, whose non-analyticity characterizes a QPT, are directly tied to
bipartite entanglement measures. We show that first-order QPTs are signalled by
density matrix elements themselves and second-order QPTs by the first
derivative of density matrix elements. Our general conclusions are illustrated
via several quantum spin models.Comment: 5 pages, incl. 2 figures. v3: The version published in PRL, including
a few extra comments and clarifications for which there was no space in the
PR
Quantum phase transition in easy-axis antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1 chain
The fidelity and entropy in an easy-axis antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1
chain are studied numerically. By using the method of density-matrix
renormalization group, the effects of anisotropy on fidelity and entanglement
entropy are investigated. Their relations with quantum phase transition are
analyzed. It is found that the quantum phase transition from the Haldane spin
liquid to N\'eel spin solid can be well characterized by the fidelity. The
phase transition can be hardly detected by the entropy but it can be
successfully detected by the first deviation of the entropy.Comment: 3 figure
Optimal generalized quantum measurements for arbitrary spin systems
Positive operator valued measurements on a finite number of N identically
prepared systems of arbitrary spin J are discussed. Pure states are
characterized in terms of Bloch-like vectors restricted by a SU(2 J+1)
covariant constraint. This representation allows for a simple description of
the equations to be fulfilled by optimal measurements. We explicitly find the
minimal POVM for the N=2 case, a rigorous bound for N=3 and set up the analysis
for arbitrary N.Comment: LateX, 12 page
Violation of area-law scaling for the entanglement entropy in spin 1/2 chains
Entanglement entropy obeys area law scaling for typical physical quantum
systems. This may naively be argued to follow from locality of interactions. We
show that this is not the case by constructing an explicit simple spin chain
Hamiltonian with nearest neighbor interactions that presents an entanglement
volume scaling law. This non-translational model is contrived to have couplings
that force the accumulation of singlet bonds across the half chain. Our result
is complementary to the known relation between non-translational invariant,
nearest neighbor interacting Hamiltonians and QMA complete problems.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
- …