The Heterotic Superpotential and Moduli

We study the four-dimensional effective theory arising from ten-dimensional heterotic supergravity compactified on manifolds with torsion. In particular, given the heterotic superpotential appropriately corrected at $\mathcal{O}(\alpha')$ to account for the Green-Schwarz anomaly cancellation mechanism, we investigate properties of four-dimensional Minkowski vacua of this theory. Considering the restrictions arising from F-terms and D-terms we identify the infinitesimal massless moduli space of the theory. We show that it agrees with the results that have recently been obtained from a ten-dimensional perspective where supersymmetric Minkowski solutions including the Bianchi identity correspond to an integrable holomorphic structure, with infinitesimal moduli calculated by its first cohomology. As has recently been noted, interplay of complex structure and bundle deformations through holomorphic and anomaly constraints can lead to fewer moduli than may have been expected. We derive a relation between the number of complex structure and bundle moduli removed from the low energy theory in this way, and give conditions for there to be no complex structure moduli or bundle moduli remaining in the low energy theory. The link between Yukawa couplings and obstruction theory is also briefly discussed.Comment: 35 pages, minor correction

Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in australian adolescents

Objective: To determine the association between measures of adiposity (body mass index and waist circumference) and risk factors for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and the clustering of risk factors in middle adolescence. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Secondary schools in Sydney. Participants: Grade 10 students (N = 496; 58.4% boys; mean [SD] age, 15.4 [0.4] years). Main Exposures: Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting blood samples. Outcome Measures: Participants were categorized as overweight or obese using the International Obesity Task Force cut points and the UK waist circumference cut points. Blood was analyzed for high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and the results were categorized as normal or abnormal according to published guidelines where possible. Associations between overweight and obesity and risk factors were explored using logistic regression. Clustering of risk factors within individuals was also explored. Results: Insulin (P < .001), alanine aminotransferase (P < .001), γ-glutamyltransferase (P = .005), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), highsensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001), and blood pressure (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in adolescent boys. In adolescent girls, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Obese adolescent boys and girls were significantly more likely to have 2 or more risk factors (boys: 73.5% vs 7.6%; girls: 44.4% vs 5.4%; P < .001 for both) than nonoverweight adolescents. Conclusions: Overweight and obese adolescents, especially boys, are at substantial risk for chronic conditions. Waist circumference is not a better predictor of metabolic risk factors than is body mass index. ©2008 American Medical Association. All rights reserved

Ex-Migrant Nurses Empowerment after Recovery from Covid-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Reflective Cycle Gibbs Model

During the Covid-19 outbreak, many ex-migrant nurses who had resigned and were living in Indonesia were unable to return to work. The objective of this study is to develop strategies for empowering ex-migrant nurses in the sustainable healthcare sector following the recovery from the Covid-19 pandemic. The Reflective Cycle Gibbs (RCB) model was employed during the research, which comprised six stages that began with a document review and PRISMA analysis. The PRISMA Analysis utilized Google search engines to filter documents from Google Scholar, Research Gate, and other sources. The RCB model examined 10 eligible journals and discovered records of nurses who returned to their home country due to inadequate pay, career development, workforce protection policy, and empowerment facilities. We concluded 4 problems encountered by returnee nurses i.e. lack of protection policy, poor wages, less career development, and lack of empowerment facilities

Distribution of catecholamine fibers in the cochlear nucleus of horseshoe bats and mustache bats

The glyoxylic-acid-induced fluorescence technique was applied to demonstrate patterns of catecholaminergic innervation within the auditory brainstem of echolocating bats and the house mouse. In the cochlear nucleus of the rufous horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rouxi) and the mustache bat (Pteronotus parnelli), species-specific catecholaminergic innervation patterns are found that contrast with the relatively homogeneous innervation in the rodent. In both bats the subnuclei of the cochlear nucleus receive a differentially dense supply of catecholaminergic fibers, and within the subnuclei, the catecholamine innervation densities can be correlated with the tonotopic frequency representation. The areas devoted to the high-frequency echolocation calls are less densely innervated than those regions which are responsive to lower frequencies. Apart from this common scheme, there are noteworthy distinctions between the two bats which correlate with specialized cytoarchitectural features of the cochlear nucleus. The marginal cell group, located medially to the anteroventral cochlear nucleus of Pteronotus, receives the densest supply of catecholaminergic fibers of all auditory nuclei. This plexus is formed by a morphologically distinct population of catecholaminergic fibers

THE INTEGRATION OF HEALTH STUDENT FIELD PRACTICE IN ANTHROPOMETRY MEASUREMENT OF STUNTING CASES IN PAPUA: A CASE STUDY

Five regions in Papua province, namely Jayawijaya, Tolikara, Lanny Jaya, Nduga, and Dogiyai, have a high prevalence of stunting above the national figure. As part of the national strategy, empowering health students to reduce the prevalence of stunting through anthropometric measurements is very important. The purpose of this study was to identify the practical steps of students in anthropometric activities as part of handling stunting cases in Papua. This research used a case study method with a descriptive design. The sample was stunting cases in various regions in Papua province. The method used in case identification was the Blueprint Test of case management assessment with a standard nursing process of Orlando. The data was obtained from scientific journals at Google Scholar that has a DOI (Digital Object Identifier) ​​or published in reputable journals (national or international) which were analyzed using the PICOT model. The results of the PICOT analysis showed three main problems that need to be prioritized in the involvement of practical students related to anthropometric measurements. Those problems include debriefing through training, cross-sectoral collaboration driven by the campus, and program realization. This study recommended an anthropometric measurement program for stunting cases in the form of curriculum evaluation in local content, cross-sectoral collaboration, and program implementation by considering local wisdom

Implantable controlled release devices for BMP-7 delivery and suppression of glioblastoma initiating cells

Designing therapeutic devices capable of manipulating glioblastoma initiating cells (GICs) is critical to stop tumor recurrence and its associated mortality. Previous studies have indicated that bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7) acts as an endogenous suppressor of GICs, and thus, it could become a treatment for this cancer. In this work, we engineer an implantable microsphere system optimized for the controlled release of BMP-7 as a bioinspired therapeutic device against GICs. This microsphere delivery system is based on the formation of a heparin- BMP-7 nanocomplex, first coated with Tetronic® and further entrapped in a biodegradable polyester matrix. The obtained microspheres can efficiently encapsulate BMP-7, and release it in a controlled manner with minimum burst effect for over two months while maintaining protein bioactivity. Released BMP-7 showed a remarkable capacity to stop tumor formation in a GICs cell culture model, an effect that could be mediated by forced reprogramming of tumorigenic cells towards a non-tumorigenic astroglial lineage.This work was financed by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Programa de Investigación en Salud (PS09/1786) and Xunta de Galicia (EM2013/042). ERN acknowledges a grant from Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacional. MF had a contract from Asociación Española contra el Cáncer. NC and MGF acknowledge their Isidro Parga Pondal contracts from Xunta de Galicia. Dr. Helena Mira and Dr. Pilar González advised us on the neurosphere culture model and the cell testing assays. Katrin Viertel and Ida Fejos provided technical help at the preformulation stages. Prof. Anxo Vidal and Erea Borrajo provided technical help for FACS analysis. We thank Prof. Maria J. Alonso for the supporting group infrastructure

Boundaries of Siegel Disks: Numerical Studies of their Dynamics and Regularity

Siegel disks are domains around fixed points of holomorphic maps in which the maps are locally linearizable (i.e., become a rotation under an appropriate change of coordinates which is analytic in a neighborhood of the origin). The dynamical behavior of the iterates of the map on the boundary of the Siegel disk exhibits strong scaling properties which have been intensively studied in the physical and mathematical literature. In the cases we study, the boundary of the Siegel disk is a Jordan curve containing a critical point of the map (we consider critical maps of different orders), and there exists a natural parametrization which transforms the dynamics on the boundary into a rotation. We compute numerically this parameterization and use methods of harmonic analysis to compute the global Holder regularity of the parametrization for different maps and rotation numbers. We obtain that the regularity of the boundaries and the scaling exponents are universal numbers in the sense of renormalization theory (i.e., they do not depend on the map when the map ranges in an open set), and only depend on the order of the critical point of the map in the boundary of the Siegel disk and the tail of the continued function expansion of the rotation number. We also discuss some possible relations between the regularity of the parametrization of the boundaries and the corresponding scaling exponents. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics.NSFMathematic

Fermi Surface and gap parameter in high-Tc superconductors: the Stripe Quantum Critical Point scenario

We study the single-particle spectral properties of electrons coupled to quasicritical charge and spin fluctuations close to a stripe-phase, which is governed by a Quantum Critical Point near optimum doping. We find that spectral weight is transferred from the quasiparticle peak to incoherent dispersive features. As a consequence the distribution of low-laying spectral weight is modified with respect to the quasiparticle Fermi surface. The interplay of charge and spin fluctuations reproduces features of the observed Fermi surface, such as the asymmetric suppression of spectral weight near the M points of the Brillouin zone. Within the model, we also analyze the interplay between repulsive spin and attractive charge fluctuations in determining the symmetry and the peculiar momentum dependence of the superconducting gap parameter. When both spin and charge fluctuations are coupled to the electrons, we find $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave gap symmetry in a wide range of parameter. A crossover $d$- vs $s$-wave symmetry of the gap may occur when the strength of charge fluctuations increases with respect to spin fluctuations.Comment: 18 pages, 3 included figures, to be published on Physica