Insights on the acting role of Martian atmosphere in the fragmentation pathways of organic and C-containing inorganic compounds using LIBS

In the present work, a preliminary fundamental study about the influence of background gas in Martian surface conditions (CO2, P=7 mbar) on the formation of emitting species in laser-induced plasmas of ablated C-containing compounds was performed. Results were compared with those obtained using ambient air as surrounding gas of irradiated samples. Energy thresholds were evaluated for excited atomic and molecular species of interest resulting in the plasma using a home-made LIBS system coupled to a pressure chamber for simulating Martian environment during the analysis of samples. Inorganic salts as calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate besides pyrene as organic reference compound were analyzed in order to discern the origin of C-containing species coexisting in the plasma plume (C, C2 and CN, mainly). Results from acquired emission spectra shed light on the different carbon sources of emitting species as a function of energetic and pressure conditions.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Hypothetical reasoning with well founded semantics

publishersversionpublishe

Bio-inspired broad-class phonetic labelling

Recent studies have shown that the correct labeling of phonetic classes may help current Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) when combined with classical parsing automata based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM).Through the present paper a method for Phonetic Class Labeling (PCL) based on bio-inspired speech processing is described. The methodology is based in the automatic detection of formants and formant trajectories after a careful separation of the vocal and glottal components of speech and in the operation of CF (Characteristic Frequency) neurons in the cochlear nucleus and cortical complex of the human auditory apparatus. Examples of phonetic class labeling are given and the applicability of the method to Speech Processing is discussed

Fischer-Tropsch synthesis in microchannels

Different metallic supports (aluminum foams of 40ppi, honeycomb monolith and micromonolith of 350 and 1180cpsi, respectively) have been loaded with a 20%Co-0.5%Re/γ-Al2O3 catalyst by the washcoating method. Layers of different thicknesses have been deposited onto the metallic supports. The catalytic coatings were characterized measuring their textural properties, adhesion and morphology. These structured catalysts have been tested in the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) and compared with a microchannel block presenting perpendicular channels for reaction and cooling. The selectivity depends on the type of support used and mainly on the thickness of the layer deposited. In general, the C5+ selectivity decreased at increasing CO conversion for all of the systems (powder, monoliths, foams and microchannels block). On the other hand, the selectivity to methane increased with the thickness of the catalytic layer due to the higher effective H2/CO ratio over the active sites resulting from the higher diffusivity of H2 compared with CO in the liquid products filling the pores. The C5+ selectivity of the microchannels reactor is higher than that of the structured supports and the powder catalyst.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MAT2006-12386-C05, ENE2009-14522-C0

Applying forecasting Revenue Management techniques to enrolment management in a university centre

Revenue Management methodology is shown to be an innovative application for fixed capacity firms or service entities which require a management system that supports pricing and inventory decision-making. The present research study takes one of the elements of this philosophy – demand forecasting and estimation - as a theoretical basis and applies it to the case study. The aim is to obtain the predicted demand of enrolments in each academic year. This will support the improvement and optimisation of the operations related to capacity management in a university centr

Artificial intelligence and journalism: Systematic review of scientific production in Web of Science and Scopus (2008-2019)

Research about the use of Artificial Intelligence applied to journalism has increased over the years. The studies conducted in this field between January 2008 and December 2019 were analysed to understand the contexts in which they have been developed and the challenges detected. The method used consisted of a systematic review of the scientific literature (SLR) of 209 scientific documents published in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. The validation required the inclusion and exclusion criteria, database identification, search engines and evaluation and description of results. The findings indicate that the largest number of publications related to this topic are concentrated in the United States and that the rise of scientific production on Artificial Intelligence in journalism takes place in 2015, when the remarkable growth of these publications begins, until reaching 61 in 2019. It is concluded that research is mainly published in scientific journals, which include works that handle a broad variety of topics, such as information production, data journalism, big data, application in social networks or information checking. In relation to authorship, the trend is the presence of a single signer.La investigación sobre el uso de la Inteligencia Artificial aplicada al periodismo se ha intensificado en los últimos años. Este artículo analiza los estudios producidos en este campo entre enero 2008 y diciembre 2019, a fin de conocer qué investigaciones se han realizado y cuáles son los contextos en los que se han desarrollado. El método ha sido una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica (SLR) de 209 documentos científicos publicados en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. La validación ha seguido los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, identificación de la base de datos, motores de búsqueda y evaluación y descripción de resultados. Los hallazgos indican que en Estados Unidos se concentra el mayor número de publicaciones relacionadas con este tema y que el auge de la producción científica sobre la Inteligencia Artificial en periodismo se produce en 2015, cuando empieza el crecimiento notable de estas publicaciones, hasta alcanzar las 61 en 2019. Se concluye que las investigaciones se publican principalmente en revistas científicas, que incluyen trabajos que versan sobre una amplia variedad de temas, como la producción informativa, el periodismo de datos, el big data, la aplicación en redes sociales o el chequeo de información. En relación con la autoría, la tendencia es la presencia de un único firmante

Quantification of microstructural changes during first stage air drying of grape tissue

Microstructural changes in cells of Ruby grape (Vitis vinifera) quarters were monitored during first stage of convective air drying, under a stereo-microscope. A gradual overall shrinkage of grape cells was observed during the process. The cellular parameters: area, perimeter, major and minor axis length, Feret diameter, elongation, roundness and compactness, were quantified by image analysis. It was verified that cell dimensions suffered modifications during drying, but their shape remained unchanged. These microstructural changes showed a smooth exponential decrease with time, and a first-order kinetic model was satisfactorily fitted to the data. Temperature increased the rate of cellular shrinkage and this effect followed an Arrhenius type behaviour. Increasing temperature from 20 to 60 C resulted in a 350% increase of the area change rate. For the parameters related to cellular dimensions, the magnitude of the values were 10 3 min 1 for the rate of change at 40 C and 3 kJ/mol for the activation energ

SIMULACIÓN CLIMÁTICA DE INVERNADEROS EN DIFERENTES REGIONES DE PORTUGAL: ESTIMACIÓN DE INDICADORES DE VIABILIDAD ENERGÉTICA Y ECONÓMICA

En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados de un estudio de viabilidad técnica y económica de la instalación de un invernadero calefactado en seis zonas de Portugal (Dois Portos, Faro, Marinha Grande, Ponta Delgada, Porto y Zambujeira). Se tomaron como referencia tres cultivos con distintos requerimientos energéticos (tomate, fresa y lechuga). En todos los casos analizados se empleó un invernadero multitúnel con generadores de aire caliente como calefacción, considerando como alternativas de combustible gasoil y gas natural. Para la realización del trabajo se utilizó el Simulador Climático de Invernaderos (SCI). Las conclusiones extraídas muestran que en tomate y fresa no resulta rentable instalar un sistema de calefacción en invernadero, en ninguno de los emplazamientos seleccionados. Únicamente en el cultivo de fresa lo es si se utiliza gas natural como combustible, en Ponta Delgada San Miguel si aumentase el precio de venta de la producción en más de un 50 %. En el cultivo de lechuga, en las localidades que es rentable, el período de retorno de la inversión es inferior a 2 años. Esto ocurre, en el caso de usar como combustible gasoil en Faro, Ponta Delgada y Zambujeira, y usando gas natural en Dois Portos, Faro, Ponta Delgada, Porto y Zambujeira

Use of technical computing systems in the context of engineering problems

[EN] This paper presents a teaching innovation project based on applying technical computing systems as a resource to improve learning in the classroom and as a way of evaluating transversal competences (TC). By these means, students analyze complex kinematic and dynamic mechanical systems in the context of the subject Dynamics of Mechanical Systems of the Master’s Degree in Mechatronics Engineering at Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain). We have observed that the use of such tools improves the students learning on the contents of the subject, allows to acquire the transversal competence related to the analysis and problem solving, and enhances the ability to understand concepts intuitively. Furthermore, results clearly show a positive influence on the use of such tools for improving the professional and ethical commitment to the issues raised.Llopis Albert, C.; Rubio Montoya, FJ.; Valle-Falcones, L.; Grima-Olmedo, C. (2020). Use of technical computing systems in the context of engineering problems. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences. 7(2):84-99. https://doi.org/10.4995/muse.2020.14283OJS849972Artobolevsky, I.I. 1975. Mechanisms in Modern Engineering Design: A Handbook for Engineers, Designers and Inventors. Seven books. Mir Pubblishers, Moscow.Bloom, B.S. 1956. Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals. David McKay Company, p. 201-7.Llopis-Albert, C., Rubio, F., Valero, F. 2015. Improving productivity using a multi-objective optimization of robotic trajectory planning. Journal of Business Research, 68 (7), 1429-1431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.01.027Llopis-Albert, C., Rubio, F., Valero, F. (2018). Optimization approaches for robot trajectory planning. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences, 5(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.4995/muse.2018.9867Llopis-Albert, C., Rubio, F., Valero, F. (2019). Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis applied to the design of a network flow of automated guided vehicles for improving business productivity. Journal of Business Research, 101, 737-742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.12.076Llopis-Albert, C., Rubio, F., Valero, F., Liao, H., Zeng, S. 2019a. Stochastic inverse finite element modeling for characterization of heterogeneous material properties. Materials Research Express, 6(11), 115806. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab4c72Llopis-Albert, C., Valero, F., Mata, V., Pulloquinga, J.L., Zamora-Ortiz, P., Escarabajal, R.J. 2020. Optimal Reconfiguration of a Parallel Robot for Forward Singularities Avoidance in Rehabilitation Therapies. A Comparison via Different Optimization Methods. Sustainability, 12(14), 5803. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145803Llopis-Albert, C., Valero, F., Mata, V., Zamora-Ortiz, P., Escarabajal, R.J., Pulloquinga, J.L. 2020a. Optimal Reconfiguration of a Limited Parallel Robot for Forward Singularities Avoidance. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences, 7(1), 113-127. https://doi.org/10.4995/muse.2020.13352Rubio, F., Llopis-Albert, C., Valero, F., Suñer, J.L. 2015. Assembly Line Productivity Assessment by Comparing Optimization-Simulation Algorithms of Trajectory Planning for Industrial Robots. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 10 pages. Article ID 931048. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/931048Rubio, F., Llopis-Albert, C., Valero, F., & Suñer, J. L. 2016. Industrial robot efficient trajectory generation without collision through the evolution of the optimal trajectory. Robotics and Autonomous Systems, 86, 106-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2016.09.008Rubio, F., Llopis-Albert, C. 2019. Viability of using wind turbines for electricity generation in electric vehicles. Multidisciplinary Journal for Education, Social and Technological Sciences, 6(1), 115-126. https://doi.org/10.4995/muse.2019.11743Rubio, F., Valero, F., & Llopis-Albert, C. 2019a. A review of mobile robots: Concepts, methods, theoretical framework, and applications. International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems, 16(2), 172988141983959. https://doi.org/10.1177/1729881419839596SolidWorks software. 2020. Dassault Systèmes SolidWorks Corporation. 175 Wyman Street Waltham, MA 02451, USA. https://www.solidworks.com/UPV, 2020. Proyecto institucional competencias transversales. Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV). Valencia. Spain. https://www.upv.es/entidades/ICE/info/Proyecto_Institucional_CT.pdfWolfram Mathematica software. 2020. The Wolfram Centre. Lower Road, Long Hanborough. Oxfordshire OX29 8FD, United Kingdom. https://www.wolfram.com/mathematica/Valero, F., Rubio, F., Llopis-Albert, C., Cuadrado, J.I. (2017). Influence of the Friction Coefficient on the Trajectory Performance for a Car-Like Robot. Mathematical Problems in Engineering, 9 pages. Article ID 4562647. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/4562647Valero, F., Rubio, F., Llopis-Albert, C. 2019. Assessment of the Effect of Energy Consumption on Trajectory Improvement for a Car-like Robot. Robotica, 37(11), 1998-2009. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263574719000407Valero, F., Rubio, F., Besa, A.J. 2019a. Efficient trajectory of a car-like mobile robot. Industrial Robot: the international journal of robotics research and application, 46(2), 211-222. https://doi.org/10.1108/IR-10-2018-021

Análise comparativa da qualidade de panificaçao e rendimento de graos entre tritórdeo hexaplóide e outros cereais de inverno

A duplicação cromossômica dos híbridos entre Hordeum chilense e Triticum turgidum conv. durum originou o tritórdeo hexaplóide (X Tritordeum Ascherson et Graebner), um novo cereal cujas características estão sendo avaliadas. Com o objetivo de obter maiores informações sobre o potencial do tritórdeo para a qualidade de panificação e componentes do rendimento de grãos, foi instalado em 1996 em Córdoba, Espanha, um experimento de campo com três repetições. O desempenho de três linhagens de tritórdeo foi comparado com o rendimento de duas variedades comerciais de trigo, duas de trigo duro e quatro de triticale. O conjunto de resultados indicou perspectivas do tritórdeo para o desenvolvimento de variedades altamente produtivas com aceitável qualidade de panificação, especialmente por se tratar de uma espécie nova e ainda pouco melhoradaChromosome duplication of hybrids between Hordeum chilense and Triticum turgidum conv. durum originated a new cereal, of which characteristics for cropping being evaluated, the hexaploid tritordeum (X Tritordeum Ascherson et Graebner). In order to have more information about breadmaking quality and grain yield components in tritordeum, are a field experiment with three replications was carried out during the growing season of 1996 in Córdoba, Spain. Performance of three tritordeum lines was compared with two varieties of wheat, two of durum wheat and four of triticale. Results allow to expect the development of high yielding varieties of tritordeum with acceptable breadmaking qualit