Hiperaldosteronismo Primário Felino: Uma Enfermidade Endócrina Emergente

The primary hyperaldosteronism, an endocrine disease increasingly identified in cats, is characterized by adrenal gland dysfunction that interferes with the renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system, triggering the hypersecretion of aldosterone. Pathophysiological consequences of excessive aldosterone secretion are related to increased sodium and water retention, and increased excretion of potassium, which induce hypertension and severe hypokalemia, respectively. The most common clinical findings in cats include: polydipsia, nocturia, polyuria, generalized weakness, neck ventroflexion, syncope, anorexia, weight loss, pendulous abdomen and blindness. Diagnosis is based on the evidence of hormonal hypersecretion with suppression of renin release, imaging and histopathological evaluation of adrenal glands. Treatment may be curative with adrenalectomy, in cases of unilateral disease, or conservative, through administration of aldosterone antagonists, potassium supplementation and antihypertensives. Prognosis varies from fair to good with the appropriate therapy. This article reviews the main aspects of primary aldosteronism in cats, providing the clinician with important information for the diagnosis of this disease. © 2016, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria. All rights reserved.46468669

Performance of rabbit does housed in collective pens and individual cages

[EN] In society today, there is increasing concern for the welfare of farm animals. New models of rabbit breeding are proposed, such as group housing of rabbit does in a semi-group system or environmental enrichment of individual housing. This work aimed to evaluate the reproductive performance and metabolic aspects of rabbit does housed in collective pens, comparing them to individual cages provided with a platform. Forty-eight animals were distributed in 24 individual cages (40×98×57 cm; width, length and height) and four collective pens (six does per pen; 240×100×65 cm) and remained during four cycles. The does previously housed in collective pens gained less weight and reached lighter weights by the first insemination day (3669 vs. 3872 g; P<0.01), but regained weight over the cycles and had a similar weight during the experiment (4306 vs. 4329 g). It was observed that there was a lower feed intake in the period before delivery in collective pens, which contributed to the lower kit bThe first author thanks the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Brazil (CNPq) for the postdoctoral fellowship.Machado, L.; Martínez-Paredes, E.; Cervera Fras, MC. (2019). Performance of rabbit does housed in collective pens and individual cages. World Rabbit Science. 27(4):227-235. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.11540OJS227235274BOE. 2013. Real Decreto 53/3013 Normas básicas aplicables para la protección de los animales utilizados en experimentación y otros fines científicos, incluyendo la docencia. BOE, 34: 11370-11421.Buijs S., Hermans K., Maertens L., Van Caelenberg A., Tuyttens F. A. M. 2014. Effects of semi-grouping housing and floor type on pododermatitis, spinal deformation and bone quality in rabbit does. Animal, 8: 1728-1734. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114001669Buijs S., Maertens L., Hermans K., Vangeyte J. 2015. Behavior, wounds, weight loss and adrenal weight of rabbit does as affected by semi-group housing. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 172: 44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2015.09.003Cervera C., Martínez-Paredes E., Machado L., Villagrá A. 2017. Producción de conejas en sistemas de alojamento individual o colectivo en semigrupo. In Proc.: XLII Symposiun de Cunicultura de ASESCU, Murcia, España, 107-110.European Commission. 2017 - Commercial Rabbit farming in the European Union - Overview report of the directorate-general for health and food safety on commercial farming of rabbits in the European Union. http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_food-safety/index_en.htmGraf S., Bigler L., Failing K., Würbel H., Buchwalder T. 2011. Regrouping rabbit does in a familiar or novel pen: Effects on agonistic behavior, injuries and core body temperature. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 135: 121-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2011.10.009Maertens L., Buijs S. 2013. Performances de femelles logées temporairement en groupe dans des parcs polyvalents et en système tout plein tout vide. In Proc.: 15émes Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 19-20, 2013, Le Mans, France, 35-38.Maertens L., Buijs S. 2016. Production performaces of rabbit does in a part time group housing system. In Proc.: 11 Would Rabbit Congress, June 15-18, Quindao, China, 711-714.Maertens L., De Bie Y. 2017. Logement de lapines "part-time" en groupe: resultats dans un élevage équipé avec des parcs polyvalents. In Proc.: XVII Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 21-22, Le Mans, France, 55-58.Maertens L., Buijs S., Tuyttens F.A.M. 2015. L'impact d'un lodgement temporairement en groupe et du sol sur le bienêtre des lapines. In Proc.: 16émes Journées de la Recherche Cunícule, November 24-25, Le Mans, France, 215-218.Mikó A., Matics Zs., Gerencsér Zs., Odermatt M., Radnai I., Nagy I., Szendrő K., Szendrő Zs. 2014. Performance and welfare of rabbit does in various caging systems. Animal, 8: 1146-1152. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731114001244Mugnai C., Dal Bosco A., Castellini C. 2009. Effect of different rearing systems and pre-kindling handling on behaviour and performance of rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 118: 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2009.02.007Pascual J.J., Blanco J., Piquer O., Quevedo F., Cervera C. 2004. Ultrasound measurement of perirenal fat thickness to estimate the body condition of reproducing rabbit does in different physiological states. World Rabbit Sci., 12: 7-21. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2004.584Rommers J., De Greef K. 2018. Are combi parks just as useful as regular parks for fatteners for part-time group housing of rabbit does? World Rabbit Sci., 26: 299-305. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2018.9587Rommers J.M., Boiti C., De Jong I., Brecchia G. 2006. Performance and behavior of rabbit does in a group-housing system with natural mating or artificial insemination. Reprod. Nutr. Develop., 46: 677-687. https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:2006038Rommers J.M., Reuvekamp B.J.F., Gunnink H., Jong I.C. 2014. Effect of hiding places, straw and territory on aggression in group-housed rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 157: 117-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2014.05.011Szendrő Zs., McNitt J.I. 2012. Housing of rabbit does: group and individual systems: a review. Livest. Sci., 150: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2012.09.017Szendrő Zs., Matics Zs., Szabó R.T., Kustos K., Mikó A., Odermatt M. Gerencsér Zs. 2016. Agressivity and its effect on lifespan of group housing rabbit does. Preliminary results. In Proc.: 11 World Rabbit Congress, June 15-18, 2016, Quindao, China, 719-722.Szendrő Zs., Trocino A., Hoy St., Xiccato G., Villagrá A., Szendrő K., Maertens L. 2019. A review of recent research outcomes about the housing of farmed domestic rabbits: reproducing does. World Rabbit Sci., 27: 1-14. https://doi.org/10.4995/wrs.2019.10599Zomeño C., Birolo M., Gratta F., Zuffellato A., Xiccato G., Trocino A. 2018. Effects of group housing system, pens floor type, and lactation management on performance and behaviour in rabbit does. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 203: 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2018.03.00

Seasonability of protein and others milk components related with quality payment program

Avaliou-se o efeito da variação da qualidade do leite mediante acompanhamento de amostras provenientes de tanques refrigeradores. As 2.970 amostras foram obtidas de outubro/2005 a setembro/2006. Foram realizadas análises de composição, contagem de células somáticas (CCS) e contagem bacteriana total. As condições climáticas foram avaliadas pela temperatura e umidade do ar coletadas em estações meteorológicas distribuídas em todo o estado de São Paulo. No outono, ocorreram os maiores valores para gordura e proteína do leite, 3,65 e 3,21%, respectivamente. Para contagem de células somáticas, foi observado aumento no verão e contagem bacteriana na época da primavera. Foi identificada a influência da época do ano sobre o preço do leite pago dentro de um programa, com valor de bonificação máxima de 7,9% para o outono. Um dos mais importantes itens relacionados com a penalização foi a CCS, a qual pode interferir na qualidade dos produtos finais por meio de alteração da proporção de caseína/proteínas do soro. O efeito da CCS e o da época do ano devem ser considerados na formulação das tabelas de programas de pagamento.This study evaluated the variation of quality of bulk tank milk using 2,970 samples, collected from October 2005 to September 2006. Milk composition analyses, somatic cell count (SCC), and total bacterial count were performed. Climate conditions were evaluated by temperature and relative air humidity collected at meteorological stations throughout São Paulo state. Autumn season was related to the highest values for protein and fat, 3.65 and 3.21%, respectively. For somatic cell count, it was observed an increase in the count in the summer and for bacterial count in the spring. The influence of season on milk price was observed for dairy producers in a program, with maximum bonus of 7.9% in the autumn. One of the most important parameters related to penalty for lower quality of milk was SCC, since it can affect the quality of some dairies by the alteration of casein/whey protein proportion. Therefore, the effects of SCC and season should be considered into the process of formulation of tables for milk payment program.FAPES

EFEITO DA LASERTERAPIA EM TENDINITE EXPERIMENTAL NO TENDÃO FLEXOR DIGITAL SUPERFICIAL EM EQÜINOS: ESTUDO HISTOLÓGICO E ULTRA-SONOGRÁFICO

Foi analisado o efeito da laserterapia com emissão do raio laser arsenieto de gálio na reparação tendínea de eqüinos após indução de tendinite experimental. Foram utilizados 10 eqüinos, SRD, com idade média de 2 a 5 anos, selecionados quanto a normalidade do aparelho locomotor. A tendinite foi induzida pela injeção de colagenase C1639 Tipo I-S na concentração de 2,5 mg/ml na dose de 0,5 ml nos tendões flexores superficiais de ambos os membros anteriores. Após 48 horas da injeção da colagenase, foram realizados exames ultra-sonográficos consecutivos com intervalos de 24 horas, para avaliação das alterações ocorridas no tendão e instituído a laser terapia diária por 15 dias com emissão local do raio laser Arsenieto de Gallium na dose de 8 joules/cm² no membro anterior esquerdo, permanecendo o contra-lateral (direito) como controle. No 40º dia de avaliação ultra-sonográfica realizou-se biópsia na região da lesão para exames histológicos. Os exames ultrasonográfico e histológico não demonstraram diferenças entre os membros tratados e os membros controle. Esses resultados demonstraram que o raio laser Arsenieto de Gallium na dosimetria de 8 joules/cm² não interferiu de forma significativa no processo de reparação tendínea. Effects of laser therapy on experimental tendinitis in horses: ultrasonographic and histologic study Abstract Ultrasonography is being used very successfully for the evaluation of equine soft tissues, improving the diagnosis and monitoring soft tissue musculskeletal injury accurately and noninvasively. The superficial digital flexor tendon is by far the most frequently involved tendon in sport horse injury, being this way, highly adequate for ultrasonographic characterization and healing. Colagenase was injected bilaterally in the superficial digital flexor tendon, at the medium third metacarpus in ten horses. Ultrasonography was performed 24 hours later in order to study the effect if this inflammatory agent on the tendon ultrasongraphy was performed using a real time ultrasound with 7.5 MHz transducer. According to GENOVESE et al. (1986) classification, types II and III injuries were observed. One limb of each horse was treated with soft laser daily for 15 consecutive days using 8 joules/cm. The opposite limb was used as control. Ultrasonography was performed every 48 hours for 40 days showing no difference in the healing between treated and untreated limbs. No significant differences were observed between the histological aspects of the superficial digital flexor tendon healing and the ultrasonographic images. It was possible then to conclude that laser therapy did not interfere in the tendon healing

An agent-based approach to assess drivers’ interaction with pre-trip information systems.

This article reports on the practical use of a multi-agent microsimulation framework to address the issue of assessing drivers’ responses to pretrip information systems. The population of drivers is represented as a community of autonomous agents, and travel demand results from the decision-making deliberation performed by each individual of the population as regards route and departure time. A simple simulation scenario was devised, where pretrip information was made available to users on an individual basis so that its effects at the aggregate level could be observed. The simulation results show that the overall performance of the system is very likely affected by exogenous information, and these results are ascribed to demand formation and network topology. The expressiveness offered by cognitive approaches based on predicate logics, such as the one used in this research, appears to be a promising approximation to fostering more complex behavior modelling, allowing us to represent many of the mental aspects involved in the deliberation process