Search Behaviour On Photo Sharing Platforms

The behaviour, goals, and intentions of users while searching for images in large scale online collections are not well understood, with image search log analysis providing limited insights, in part because they tend only to have access to user search and result click information. In this paper we study user search behaviour in a large photo-sharing platform, analyzing all user actions during search sessions (i.e. including post result-click pageviews). Search accounts for a significant part of user interactions with such platforms, and we show differences between the queries issued on such platforms and those on general image search. We show that search behaviour is influenced by the query type, and also depends on the user. Finally, we analyse how users behave when they reformulate their queries, and develop URL class prediction models for image search, showing that query-specific models significantly outperform query-agnostic models. The insights provided in this paper are intended as a launching point for the design of better interfaces and ranking models for image search. © 2013 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

Assessing Mn as an antioxidant agent in bioactive glasses by quantification of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymatic mimetic activities

The antioxidant activity of Mn as additive in a 45S5 type glass system with and without P2O5 was studied by mimicking the activity of catalase (CMA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Glasses were melted either under oxidizing or reducing atmosphere (N2/H2) to compare the processing influence on the Mn oxidation state. Thermal (DTA) and optical (UV–Vis) characterizations of the glass powders were carried out to obtain further insight into the structural role of Mn. A correlation of in vitro apatite formation between Tris buffer solution and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) was performed to optimise Mn substitution, where a decrease in apatite formation was observed by increasing Mn content. Despite this, glasses with up to 1.0 mol% MnO did not show any delay in apatite formation and maintained their CMA and SOD activity. The antioxidant effect of Mn can be attributed to the interconversion Mn2+ ↔ Mn3+ occurring on the glass surface through a heterogeneous catalysis. P2O5 plays an important role in the antioxidant effect of the glass, possibly by charge balancing Mn ions and forming more stable units compared to those formed with Ca and Na. The amount of Mn2+ is predominant in the glass network with respect to Mn3+ in all synthetized glasses. Moreover, glass melting in a reducing atmosphere further avoided Mn oxidation

VLT, GROND and Danish telescope observations of transits in the TRAPPIST-1 system

Funding: UGJ acknowledges funding from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Interdisciplinary Synergy Programme grant no. NNF19OC0057374 and from the European Union H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019 under Grant no. 860470 (CHAMELEON). NP’s work was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grants UIDB/04434/2020 and UIDP/04434/2020. PLP was partly funded by Programa de Iniciación en Investigación-Universidad de Antofagasta, INI-17-03.TRAPPIST-1 is an ultra-cool dwarf that hosts seven known transiting planets. We present photometry of the system obtained using three telescopes at ESO La Silla (the Danish 1.54-m telescope and the 2.2-m MPI telescope) and Paranal (Unit Telescope 1 of the Very Large Telescope). We obtained 18 light curves from the Danish telescope, eight from the 2.2-m and four from the VLT. From these we measure 25 times of mid-transit for four of the planets (b, c, f, g). These light curves and times of mid-transit will be useful in determining the masses and radii of the planets, which show variations in their transit times due to gravitational interactions.PostprintPeer reviewe

Neuronas en espejo. Otra forma de aprendizaje para el ser humano. Revisión sistemática de la literatura

Resumen Introducción: Las neuronas espejo conocidas solo en el ser humano y en monos, se activan cuando el individuo realiza una acción y cuando observa una acción similar realizada por otro individuo, esto pertenece al campo de la percepción-ejecución-intención y forma parte de la teoría de la mente. Gracias a las técnicas de imagen cerebral, se han identificado algunas zonas cerebrales donde las neuronas espejo son activas, especialmente en el lóbulo parietal, área 40 de Brodman y en el lóbulo frontal posterior, área 44 de Brodman, junto al área de Broca. Por lo que el propósito de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para correlacionar si hay problema en las neuronas espejo en los desórdenes psiquiátricos severos como la esquizofrenia y en desórdenes conductuales como la falta de empatía que se ha asociado a una “falta” de inteligencia emocional. Material y métodos: Se buscaron revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y artículos doble ciego con grupo control de las revistas The New England Journal of Medicina, The Lancet y la Revista Neurology, Journal of Apply Physiology,así como Anales de Psicología, utilizando las bases de datos de Pubmed, Medline,SciELO, www.mdconsult.com, www.aha.com, www.online.ca/medline. El estudio se llevó a cabo de Marzo de 2019 a Agosto de 2019 y se realizó en el Departamento de Farmacología de la Facultad de Medicina de la propia UAEMéx. Resultados y Discusión: De 75 artículos publicados en el presente siglo XXI se extrajo la información que a manera abreviada se presenta a continuación: Existió una relación en la enfermedad autismo y la falla de las neuronas espejo en los sujetos estudiados. En pacientes epilépticos con focalización temporal presentan dificultad en las pruebas neuropsicológicas del lenguaje y de memoria, y no se puede demostrar activación de las neuronas espejo. En el caso de las psicosis esta se asocia también a disfunciones en los mecanismos de predicción del cerebro normal. Y el déficit de cognición en especial social se presentan aún más en los psicópatas. La imagen corporal se aprende de la experiencia durante el desarrollo pre y post natal con la participación de las neuronas espejo. A futuro la terapia espejo podría emplearse como adyuvante en el manejo del dolor crónico incluso en dolor por infarto miocárdico. Conclusiones: Las neuronas espejo podrían participar en la génesis y desarrollo de los síntomas en caso de pacientes autistas. Las alteraciones en la relación sustancia gris/sustancia blanca en determinadas zonas cerebrales participa en la génesis y desarrollo de los trastornos psiquiátricos. Las crisis epilépticas focalizadas en las regiones relacionadas con las neuronas espejo afectan su función. Niños y adultos con psicopatías se caracterizan por déficits emocionales. La terapia espejo ha sido usada con éxito en pacientes que han presentado amputaciones de brazos o piernas y quizá podría ayudar en el infarto y en el dolor crónico. Abstract Introduction: Mirror neurons known only in humans and monkeys, are activated when the individual performs an action and when observes a similar action performed by another individual, this belongs to the field of perception-execution-intention and is part of the theory of mind. So the purpose of this work is to perform a systematic review of the literature to correlate if there is a problem in mirror neurons in severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and behavioral disorders such as lack of empathy that has been associated with a “lack “ emotional intelligence. Material and methods: We searched systematic reviews, meta-analyzes and double-blind articles with control group of The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet and the Neurology Magazine, Journal of Apply Physiology, as well as Anales de Psicología, using the databases of Pubmed, Medline, SciELO, www.mdconsult.com, www.aha.com, www.online.ca/medline. The study was carried out from March 2019 to August 2019 and was carried out in the Pharmacology Department of the Faculty of Medicine of UAEMex itself. Results and Discussion: Of the 75 articles published in the 21st century, the following information was extracted: There was a relationship in the autism disease and the failure of the mirror neurons in the subjects studied. In epileptic patients with temporal focalization they present difficulty in neuropsychological tests of language and memory, and activation of mirror neurons can not be demonstrated. In the case of psychoses this is also associated with dysfunctions in the prediction mechanisms of the normal brain. And the deficit of cognition especially social appear even more in psychopaths.Body image is learned from experience during pre and post natal development with the participation of mirror neurons. In the future, mirror therapy could be used as an adjuvant in the management of chronic pain even in pain due to myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Mirror neurons could participate in the genesis and development of symptoms in autistic patients. Alterations in the gray matter / white substance ratio in certain brain areas participate in the genesis and development of psychiatric disorders. Epileptic seizures focused on regions related to mirror neurons affect their function. Children and adults with psychopathies are characterized by emotional deficits. The mirror therapy has been used successfully in patients who have had arm or leg amputations and could perhaps help in the infarction and in the chronic pain

Neuronas en espejo. Otra forma de aprendizaje para el ser humano. Revisión sistemática de la literatura

Resumen Introducción: Las neuronas espejo conocidas solo en el ser humano y en monos, se activan cuando el individuo realiza una acción y cuando observa una acción similar realizada por otro individuo, esto pertenece al campo de la percepción-ejecución-intención y forma parte de la teoría de la mente. Gracias a las técnicas de imagen cerebral, se han identificado algunas zonas cerebrales donde las neuronas espejo son activas, especialmente en el lóbulo parietal, área 40 de Brodman y en el lóbulo frontal posterior, área 44 de Brodman, junto al área de Broca. Por lo que el propósito de este trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura para correlacionar si hay problema en las neuronas espejo en los desórdenes psiquiátricos severos como la esquizofrenia y en desórdenes conductuales como la falta de empatía que se ha asociado a una “falta” de inteligencia emocional. Material y métodos: Se buscaron revisiones sistemáticas, metaanálisis y artículos doble ciego con grupo control de las revistas The New England Journal of Medicina, The Lancet y la Revista Neurology, Journal of Apply Physiology,así como Anales de Psicología, utilizando las bases de datos de Pubmed, Medline,SciELO, www.mdconsult.com, www.aha.com, www.online.ca/medline. El estudio se llevó a cabo de Marzo de 2019 a Agosto de 2019 y se realizó en el Departamento de Farmacología de la Facultad de Medicina de la propia UAEMéx. Resultados y Discusión: De 75 artículos publicados en el presente siglo XXI se extrajo la información que a manera abreviada se presenta a continuación: Existió una relación en la enfermedad autismo y la falla de las neuronas espejo en los sujetos estudiados. En pacientes epilépticos con focalización temporal presentan dificultad en las pruebas neuropsicológicas del lenguaje y de memoria, y no se puede demostrar activación de las neuronas espejo. En el caso de las psicosis esta se asocia también a disfunciones en los mecanismos de predicción del cerebro normal. Y el déficit de cognición en especial social se presentan aún más en los psicópatas. La imagen corporal se aprende de la experiencia durante el desarrollo pre y post natal con la participación de las neuronas espejo. A futuro la terapia espejo podría emplearse como adyuvante en el manejo del dolor crónico incluso en dolor por infarto miocárdico. Conclusiones: Las neuronas espejo podrían participar en la génesis y desarrollo de los síntomas en caso de pacientes autistas. Las alteraciones en la relación sustancia gris/sustancia blanca en determinadas zonas cerebrales participa en la génesis y desarrollo de los trastornos psiquiátricos. Las crisis epilépticas focalizadas en las regiones relacionadas con las neuronas espejo afectan su función. Niños y adultos con psicopatías se caracterizan por déficits emocionales. La terapia espejo ha sido usada con éxito en pacientes que han presentado amputaciones de brazos o piernas y quizá podría ayudar en el infarto y en el dolor crónico. Abstract Introduction: Mirror neurons known only in humans and monkeys, are activated when the individual performs an action and when observes a similar action performed by another individual, this belongs to the field of perception-execution-intention and is part of the theory of mind. So the purpose of this work is to perform a systematic review of the literature to correlate if there is a problem in mirror neurons in severe psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and behavioral disorders such as lack of empathy that has been associated with a “lack “ emotional intelligence. Material and methods: We searched systematic reviews, meta-analyzes and double-blind articles with control group of The New England Journal of Medicine, The Lancet and the Neurology Magazine, Journal of Apply Physiology, as well as Anales de Psicología, using the databases of Pubmed, Medline, SciELO, www.mdconsult.com, www.aha.com, www.online.ca/medline. The study was carried out from March 2019 to August 2019 and was carried out in the Pharmacology Department of the Faculty of Medicine of UAEMex itself. Results and Discussion: Of the 75 articles published in the 21st century, the following information was extracted: There was a relationship in the autism disease and the failure of the mirror neurons in the subjects studied. In epileptic patients with temporal focalization they present difficulty in neuropsychological tests of language and memory, and activation of mirror neurons can not be demonstrated. In the case of psychoses this is also associated with dysfunctions in the prediction mechanisms of the normal brain. And the deficit of cognition especially social appear even more in psychopaths.Body image is learned from experience during pre and post natal development with the participation of mirror neurons. In the future, mirror therapy could be used as an adjuvant in the management of chronic pain even in pain due to myocardial infarction. Conclusions: Mirror neurons could participate in the genesis and development of symptoms in autistic patients. Alterations in the gray matter / white substance ratio in certain brain areas participate in the genesis and development of psychiatric disorders. Epileptic seizures focused on regions related to mirror neurons affect their function. Children and adults with psychopathies are characterized by emotional deficits. The mirror therapy has been used successfully in patients who have had arm or leg amputations and could perhaps help in the infarction and in the chronic pain

High-precision photometry by telescope defocussing - VI. WASP-24, WASP-25 and WASP-26

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement nos. 229517 and 268421. This publication was supported by grants NPRP 09-476-1-078 and NPRP X-019-1-006 from Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation). TCH acknowledges financial support from the Korea Research Council for Fundamental Science and Technology (KRCF) through the Young Research Scientist Fellowship Programme and is supported by the KASI (Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute) grant 2012-1-410-02/2013-9-400-00. SG, XW and XF acknowledge the support from NSFC under the grant no. 10873031. The research is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (grant agreement no. 267864). DR, YD, AE, FF (ARC), OW (FNRS research fellow) and J Surdej acknowledge support from the Communauté française de Belgique – Actions de recherche concertées – Académie Wallonie-Europe.We present time series photometric observations of 13 transits in the planetary systems WASP-24, WASP-25 and WASP-26. All three systems have orbital obliquity measurements, WASP-24 and WASP-26 have been observed with Spitzer, and WASP-25 was previously comparatively neglected. Our light curves were obtained using the telescope-defocussing method and have scatters of 0.5–1.2 mmag relative to their best-fitting geometric models. We use these data to measure the physical properties and orbital ephemerides of the systems to high precision, finding that our improved measurements are in good agreement with previous studies. High-resolution Lucky Imaging observations of all three targets show no evidence for faint stars close enough to contaminate our photometry. We confirm the eclipsing nature of the star closest to WASP-24 and present the detection of a detached eclipsing binary within 4.25 arcmin of WASP-26.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

<i>Spitzer</i> microlens measurement of a massive remnant in a well-separated binary

We report the detection and mass measurement of a binary lens OGLE-2015-BLG-1285La,b, with the more massive component having M1 > 1.35 M⊙ (80% probability). A main-sequence star in this mass range is ruled out by limits on blue light, meaning that a primary in this mass range must be a neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH). The system has a projected separation r⊥ = 6.1 ± 0.4 AU and lies in the Galactic bulge. These measurements are based on the "microlens parallax" effect, i.e., comparing the microlensing light curve as seen from Spitzer, which lay at 1.25 AU projected from Earth, to the light curves from four ground-based surveys, three in the optical and one in the near-infrared. Future adaptive optics imaging of the companion by 30 m class telescopes will yield a much more accurate measurement of the primary mass. This discovery both opens the path and defines the challenges to detecting and characterizing BHs and NSs in wide binaries, with either dark or luminous companions. In particular, we discuss lessons that can be applied to future Spitzer and Kepler K2 microlensing parallax observations

Association between exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and biomarkers of oxidative stress among patients hospitalised with acute myocardial infarction

Objective To determine whether exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was associated with oxidative stress among patients hospitalised for acute myocardial infarction.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Design An existing cohort study of 1,261 patients hospitalised for acute myocardial infarction.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Setting Nine acute hospitals in Scotland.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Participants Sixty never smokers who had been exposed to environmental tobacco smoke (admission serum cotinine ≥3.0 ng/mL) were compared with 60 never smokers who had not (admission serum cotinine ≤0.1 ng/mL).&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Intervention None.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Main outcome measures Three biomarkers of oxidative stress (protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde (MDA) and oxidised low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)) were measured on admission blood samples and adjusted for potential confounders.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Results After adjusting for baseline differences in age, sex and socioeconomic status, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was associated with serum concentrations of both protein carbonyl (beta coefficient 7.96, 95% CI 0.76, 15.17, p = 0.031) and MDA (beta coefficient 10.57, 95% CI 4.32, 16.81, p = 0.001) but not ox-LDL (beta coefficient 2.14, 95% CI −8.94, 13.21, p = 0.703).&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt; Conclusions Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke was associated with increased oxidative stress. Further studies are requires to explore the role of oxidative stress in the association between environmental tobacco smoke and myocardial infarction.&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt