Culture collections and biochemistry

This review describes the relationships and links between culture collections, which act as sources of genomes, transcriptomes, proteome, and metabolomes, and fields of research biochemistry that demand their support and help. In addition, the invaluable but not always rewarded efforts of these organizations as a source and conservator of organism diversity is discussed. Biological waste-water treatment, ethanol as a non-finite source of energy, Rhodococcus fascians as the source of a citrus-juice debittering agent, the sporulation of filamentous fungi in liquid medium, and biotransformation with growing and resting cells are processes developed by the authors that demonstrate some of the applications of organisms from culture collections in the general field of biotechnology and related areas, including industrial biochemistry and biocatalytic synthesis

A census of ρ\rho Oph candidate members from Gaia DR2

The Ophiuchus cloud complex is one of the best laboratories to study the earlier stages of the stellar and protoplanetary disc evolution. The wealth of accurate astrometric measurements contained in the Gaia Data Release 2 can be used to update the census of Ophiuchus member candidates. We seek to find potential new members of Ophiuchus and identify those surrounded by a circumstellar disc. We constructed a control sample composed of 188 bona fide Ophiuchus members. Using this sample as a reference we applied three different density-based machine learning clustering algorithms (DBSCAN, OPTICS, and HDBSCAN) to a sample drawn from the Gaia catalogue centred on the Ophiuchus cloud. The clustering analysis was applied in the five astrometric dimensions defined by the three-dimensional Cartesian space and the proper motions in right ascension and declination. The three clustering algorithms systematically identify a similar set of candidate members in a main cluster with astrometric properties consistent with those of the control sample. The increased flexibility of the OPTICS and HDBSCAN algorithms enable these methods to identify a secondary cluster. We constructed a common sample containing 391 member candidates including 166 new objects, which have not yet been discussed in the literature. By combining the Gaia data with 2MASS and WISE photometry, we built the spectral energy distributions from 0.5 to 22\microm for a subset of 48 objects and found a total of 41 discs, including 11 Class II and 1 Class III new discs. Density-based clustering algorithms are a promising tool to identify candidate members of star forming regions in large astrometric databases. If confirmed, the candidate members discussed in this work would represent an increment of roughly 40% of the current census of Ophiuchus.Comment: A&A, Accepted. Abridged abstrac

CALIOPE: supercomputing for air quality improvement

CALIOPE és un sistema de predicció de la qualitat de l’aire desenvolupat pel Departament de Ciències de la Terra del Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centre Nacional de Supercomputació (BSC-CNS). Gràcies al potencial quant a tractament i anàlisi de dades que proporciona la supercomputació, CALIOPE ofereix pronòstics de la qualitat de l’aire per a Catalunya, la península Ibèrica i Europa, amb informació detallada sobre els principals contaminants regulats per les autoritats europees. A més, els propers mesos el sistema inclourà la simulació de Barcelona a escala urbana (CALIOPE Urban). Aquesta informació és fàcilment accessible des d’un web dirigit tant a gestors públics com a la ciutadania.Paraules clau: qualitat de l’aire, contaminació atmosfèrica, meteorologia, sistema de pronòstic, emissions, supercomputació.CALIOPE is the air quality forecast system developed by the Earth Sciences Department of Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centre Nacional de Supercomputació (BSC-CNS). Thanks to the data processing and analysis potential that supercomputing provides, CALIOPE offers air quality forecasts for Catalonia, the Iberian Peninsula and Europe at large, with detailed information on the main pollutants regulated by the European authorities. In the next few months, the system will include Barcelona’s simulation on an urban scale (CALIOPE Urban). This information is easily accessible on a website so that both public administrations and citizens can consult it.Keywords: air quality, air pollution, meteorology, forecast system, emissions, supercomputing

Mean curvature of spacelike submanifolds in a Brinkmann spacetime

Several geometric properties of complete spacelike submanifolds, with codimension at least two, in a Brinkmann spacetime are shown from natural assumptions involving the mean curvature vector field \mcv of the spacelike submanifold. Especially, we get sufficient conditions that assure that a spacelike submanifold is contained in a leaf of the foliation of the Brinkmann spacetime defined by the orthogonal vectors to the parallel lightlike vector field. When this vector field is the gradient of a smooth function, a characterization of arbitrary codimension spacelike submanifolds contained in a leaf of this foliation is given. In the case of plane fronted wave spacetimes, relevant examples of Brinkmann spacetimes that generalize pp-waves spacetimes, several uniqueness results for codimension two spacelike submanifolds are obtained. In particular, it is proven that any compact codimension two spacelike submanifold with \mcv=0 in a plane fronted spacetime wave must be a (totally geodesic) front of wave.The first author has been partially supported by MINECO/FEDER project MTM2015-65430-P, Fundaci\'on S\'eneca project 19901/GERM/15 and research grant 19783/FPI/15 from Fundaci\'on S\'eneca, the second and the third authors by Spanish MINECO and ERDF project MTM2016-78807-C2-1-P and Andalusian and ERDF project A-FQM-494-UGR1

Production of L-carnitine by secondary metabolism of bacteria

The increasing commercial demand for L-carnitine has led to a multiplication of efforts to improve its production with bacteria. The use of different cell environments, such as growing, resting, permeabilized, dried, osmotically stressed, freely suspended and immobilized cells, to maintain enzymes sufficiently active for L-carnitine production is discussed in the text. The different cell states of enterobacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Proteus sp., which can be used to produce L-carnitine from crotonobetaine or D-carnitine as substrate, are analyzed. Moreover, the combined application of both bioprocess and metabolic engineering has allowed a deeper understanding of the main factors controlling the production process, such as energy depletion and the alteration of the acetyl-CoA/CoA ratio which are coupled to the end of the biotransformation. Furthermore, the profiles of key central metabolic activities such as the TCA cycle, the glyoxylate shunt and the acetate metabolism are seen to be closely interrelated and affect the biotransformation efficiency. Although genetically modified strains have been obtained, new strain improvement strategies are still needed, especially in Escherichia coli as a model organism for molecular biology studies. This review aims to summarize and update the state of the art in L-carnitine production using E. coli and Proteus sp, emphasizing the importance of proper reactor design and operation strategies, together with metabolic engineering aspects and the need for feed-back between wet and in silico work to optimize this biotransformation

Manejo da irrigação para o trigo no sistema plantio direto.

Critérios para o manejo da irrigação; Tensão da água do solo; Coeficiente de culturaz; Manejo da irrigação; Tensiômetro e curva de retenção da água do solo; Tensiômetro e tanque USWB Classe A; Tanque USWB classe A e curva de retenção da água do solo; Exemplos de cálculo.bitstream/CNPAF/22930/1/comt_91.pd

L'educació a la Comunitat Valenciana

La educación en la Comunidad Valenciana</span

Development and characterization of 35 single nucleotide polymorphism markers for the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus

We characterized 35 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for the brown alga Fucus vesiculosus. Based on existing Fucus Expressed Sequence Tag libraries for heat and desiccation-stressed tissue, SNPs were developed and confirmed by re-sequencing cDNA from a diverse panel of individuals. SNP loci were genotyped using the SEQUENOM single base extension iPLEXTM system for multiplex assays on the MassARRAY platform, which uses matrix-assisted laser desorption/ ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to discriminate allele-specific products. The SNP markers showed a wide range of variability among 16 populations from the south-west of the UK, northern Portugal and Morocco. The analysis of the information provided by these markers will be useful for studying population structure, historical demography and phylogeography of F. vesiculosus. They can also be used for the identification of genes and/or linked genomic regions potentially subject to selection in response to abiotic stressors like temperature extremes and desiccation intensity that vary across habitats and geographical range.Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologi