Periodically modulated geometric and electronic structure of graphene on Ru(0001)

We report here on a method to fabricate and characterize highly perfect, periodically rippled graphene monolayers and islands, epitaxially grown on single crystal metallic substrates under controlled UHV conditions. The periodicity of the ripples is dictated by the difference in lattice parameters of graphene and substrate, and, thus, it is adjustable. We characterize its perfection at the atomic scale by means of STM and determine its electronic structure in the real space by local tunnelling spectroscopy. There are periodic variations in the geometric and electronic structure of the graphene monolayer. We observe inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, i.e a larger occupied Density Of States at the higher parts of the ripples. Periodically rippled graphene might represent the physical realization of an ordered array of coupled graphene quantum dots. The data show, however, that for rippled graphene on Ru(0001) both the low and the high parts of the ripples are metallic. The fabrication of periodically rippled graphene layers with controllable characteristic length and different bonding interactions with the substrate will allow a systematic experimental test of this fundamental problem.Comment: 12 pages. Contribution to the topical issue on graphene of Semiconductor Science and Technolog

Selection of the optimal frequency of the signal exciting winding of u-shaped eddy-current probe with ferromagnetic core

The paper presents the results of the investigations of eddy current parameters of the U-shaped probe. Optimalfrequencies of NDTsolderingwere foundfor the two groups of samples –nonferromagnetic busbars and cylindrical conductors with diameter 9 and 5.5 mm.В работе представлены результаты измеренийвихретоковых параметров П-образного вихретокового преобразователя. Экспериментально были установлены оптимальные частоты контроля степени пропаянности для двух групп образцов – неферромагнитных токопроводящих шин и цилиндрических токопроводов диаметром 9 мм и 5,5 мм

Influence of Antioxidant SkQ1 on Accumulation of Mitochondrial DNA Deletions in the Hippocampus of Senescence-Accelerated OXYS Rats

Human and animal aging is associated with gradual decline of cognitive functions (especially learning ability and memory) and increased risk of development of neurodegenerative diseases 596 Abbreviations: bp, base pairs; mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; ∆mtDNA, deletion in mitochondrial DNA; ∆mtDNA 4834 , 4834-bp mitochondrial DNA deletion; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SkQ1, antioxidant 10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium. * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Abstract-Reduction of efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation associated with aging and the development of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease is thought to be linked to the accumulation of deletions in mitochondrial DNA (∆mtDNA), which are seen as a marker of oxidative damage. Recently, we have shown that mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (10-(6′-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium) can slow the development of signs of Alzheimer's disease in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the development of neurodegenerative changes in the brain of OXYS rats and changes in the amount of mtDNA and the 4834-bp mitochondrial DNA deletion (∆mtDNA 4834 ) as well as the effect of SkQ1. We studied the relative amount of mtDNA and ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus of OXYS and Wistar (control) rats at ages of 1, 2, 6, 10, and 20 days and 3, 6, and 24 months. During the period crucial for manifestation of the signs of accelerated aging of OXYS rats (from 1.5 to 3 months of age), we evaluated the effects of administration of SkQ1 (250 nmol/kg) and vitamin E (670 mmol/kg, reference treatment) on the amount of mtDNA and ∆mtDNA 4834 and on the formation of the behavioral feature of accelerated senescence in OXYS rats -passive type of behavior in the open field test. In OXYS rats, the level of ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus is increased compared to the Wistar rats, especially at the stage of completion of brain development in the postnatal period. This level remains elevated not only at the stages preceding the manifestation of the signs of accelerated brain aging and the development of pathological changes linked to Alzheimer's disease, but also during their progression. However, at age of 24 months, there were no detectable differences between the two strains. SkQ1 treatment reduced the level of ∆mtDNA 4834 in the hippocampus of Wistar and OXYS rats and slowed the formation of passive behavior in OXYS rats. These results support the possible use of SkQ1 for prophylaxis of brain aging. Influence of Antioxidant SkQ1 o

Проблемы проведения биоаналитической части исследований биоэквивалентности лекарственных препаратов в России

In the review of the main problems holding bioanalytical part of bioequivalence studies of medicines in Russia. The analysis of the major causes of failure when performing studies of bioequivalence and pharmacokinetics.В обзоре рассмотрены основные проблемы проведения биоаналитической части исследований биоэквивалентности лекарственных препаратов в России. Проведен анализ основных причин неудач при выполнении исследований по биоэквивалентности и фармакокинетике

First experience of using Brentuximab vedotin and modified program NHL-BFM-90 in the front-line treatment of patient with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: a case report and a review of literature

Nodal anaplastic ALK-negative large cell lymphoma (nALCL, ALK-) is a Т-cell lymphoma that is characterized by aggressive clinical course and low sensitivity to СНОР (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone) and other chemotherapy regimen. In the article we present a literature review and describe our clinical case of nALCL, ALK-. For the first time a combination of Brentuximab vedotin with modified program NHL-BFM-90 was used as a first-line therapy. As a result of immunochemotherapy a complete antineoplastic effect was obtained. For consolidation of this effect high-dose chemotherapy with following autologous blood stem cell transplantation was performed. The chosen treatment tactics allowed to achieve a complete remission in a medium risk group patient

Momentum dependence of the phi-meson nuclear transparency

The production of phi mesons in proton collisions with C, Cu, Ag, and Au targets has been studied via the phi -> K+K- decay at an incident beam energy of 2.83 GeV using the ANKE detector system at COSY. For the first time, the momentum dependence of the nuclear transparency ratio, the in-medium phi width, and the differential cross section for phi meson production at forward angles have been determined for these targets over the momentum range of 0.6 - 1.6 GeV/c. There are indications of a significant momentum dependence in the value of the extracted phi width, which corresponds to an effective phi-N absorption cross section in the range of 14 - 21 mb.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Orientation-controlled, low-temperature plasma growth and applications of h-BN nanosheets

Dimensionality and orientation of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanosheets are promising to create and control their unique properties for diverse applications. However, low-temperature deposition of vertically oriented h-BN nanosheets is a significant challenge. Here we report on the low-temperature plasma synthesis of maze-like h-BN nanowalls (BNNWs) from a mixture of triethylamine borane (TEAB) and ammonia at temperatures as low as 400 °C. The maze-like BNNWs contained vertically aligned stacks of h-BN nanosheets. Wavy h-BN nanowalls with randomly oriented nanocrystalline structure are also fabricated. Simple and effective control of morphological type of BNNWs by the deposition temperature is demonstrated. Despite the lower synthesis temperature, thermal stability and oxidation resistivity of the maze-like BNNWs are higher than for the wavy nanowalls. The structure and oxidation of the nanowalls was found to be the critical factor for their thermal stability and controlled luminescence properties. Cytotoxic study demonstrated significant antibacterial effect of both maze-like and wavy h-BN nanowalls against E. coli. The reported results reveal a significant potential of h-BN nanowalls for a broad range of applications from electronics to biomedicine. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2018, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Первый опыт суперселективной эмболизации артерий, кровоснабжающих опухоль, с последующей лапароскопической резекцией почки

Background. Patients with signs of tumor lesions in a single kidney or in the only one functioning kidney, with bilateral renal tumors are at high risk of functional failure or insufficiency of the kidney after surgery. Joint discussions with specialists in X-ray endovascular surgeries resulted in the development of a treatment algorithm for patients with localized kidney cancer who require organ-sparing surgery without ischemic kidney resection.Objective: to evaluation of the immediate results of two-stage surgical treatment of localized kidney cancer in patients with signs of tumor lesions in a single kidney or in the only one functioning kidney, with bilateral renal tumors, including superselective embolization of the artery supplying the tumor at the first stage, and laparoscopic kidney resection without renal ischemia parenchyma at the second stage.Materials and methods. This study included 5 patients with localized kidney cancer, who underwent two-stage treatment at Moscow Regional Oncology Dispensary between 24.03.2021 and 19.04.2021. The first stage included superselective embolization of the artery supplying the tumor; the second stage implied laparoscopic kidney resection 6-7 days following the first stage.Results. The median age of the patients was 62 years (range: 42-73 years). Four patients (80%) had unilateral kidney lesions, while 1 patient (20 %) had bilateral (synchronous) kidney cancer. The mean RENAL score was 8 (range: 6-10); patients were distributed as follows: score 4-6 in 40 %, score 7-9 in 40 %, and score >10 in 20 % of patients. At the first stage, patients underwent endovascular embolization of the branches of the renal artery. Patients had superselective embolization of either middle (n = 3; 60 %), upper (n = 1; 20 %), or lower (n = 1; 20 %) segmental arteries supplying the tumor. In one of them (20 %), we identified 3 large arterial branches; in another one (20 %), we identified 2 large arterial branches.At the second stage, we performed laparoscopic kidney resection. None of the patients required renal artery clamping, because there was an excellent visualization of the demarcation zone and no significant blood loss. The resection area was sutured in 1 case (20 %). In 2 individuals (40 %), a hemostatic sponge was installed in the removed tumor bed. In the remaining 2 cases (40 %), hemostasis was ensured by coagulation. The median blood loss was 100 mL (range: 50-200 mL). The postoperative period was uneventful in all patients. None of the patients developed symptoms of acute renal failure.Conclusion. Thus, superselective embolization of arteries supplying a kidney tumor has undeniable advantages in organ-sparing surgeries for patients with localized kidney cancer and some additional kidney problems, when organ preservation is crucial for patient's life.Введение. Больные с признаками опухолевого поражения единственной или единственной функционирующей почки, с двухсторонними опухолями почек представляют собой категорию, ассоциированную с высоким риском потери функции почки или функциональной недостаточности почки после оперативного лечения. Совместные обсуждения с рентгенэндоваскулярными хирургами привели к формированию алгоритма действий при лечении больных локализованным раком почки, требующих органосохраняющей тактики в условиях без ишемической резекции почки.Цель исследования - оценка непосредственных результатов двухэтапного хирургического лечения локализованного рака почки у больных с признаками опухолевого поражения единственной, единственной функционирующей почки или с двухсторонними опухолями почек, включающего на 1-м этапе суперселективную эмболизацию артерии, питающей опухоль, на 2-м этапе - лапароскопическую резекцию без ишемии почечной паренхимы.Материалы и методы. В исследование были включены 5 пациентов с локализованным раком почки, которым с 24.03.2021 по 19.04.2021 в Московском областном онкологическом диспансере г. Балашихи выполнено двухэтапное лечение. На 1-м этапе проведена суперселективная эмболизация артерии, питающей опухоль, на 2-м этапе, через 6-7 сут, - лапароскопическая резекция почки.Результаты. Медиана возраста больных составила 62 (42-73) года. У 4 (80 %) пациентов было одностороннее поражение почки, у 1 (20 %) - двухсторонний (синхронный) рак почек. Средняя сумма баллов по шкале RENAL составила 8 (6-10): 4-6 баллов - у 40 %, 7-9 баллов - у 40 % и >10 баллов - у 20 % больных. На 1-м этапе лечения проводили эндоваскулярную эмболизацию ветвей почечной артерии. В 3 (60 %) случаях выполнена суперселективная эмболизация средних сегментарных артерий, по 1 (20 %) случаю - верхней и нижней сегментарных артерий, питающих опухоль, из них в 1 (20 %) случае выявлены 3 крупные артериальные ветви и в 1 (20 %) случае - 2 артериальные ветви.На 2-м этапе выполняли лапароскопическую резекцию почки. В 100 % случаев ввиду отсутствия значительной кровопотери и отличной визуализации демаркационной зоны не потребовалось пережатия почечных артерий. Прошивание области резекции проводили в 1 (20 %) случае. В 2 (40 %) случаях в ложе удаленной опухоли установлена гемостатическая губка. В остальных 2 (40 %) случаях гемостаз осуществляли коагуляционным способом. Медиана объема кровопотери составила 100 (50-200) мл. Послеоперационный период у всех больных протекал без особенностей. Явлений острой почечной недостаточности не наблюдалось ни у одного пациента.Заключение. Выполнение суперселективной эмболизации артерий, питающих опухоль почки, имеет неоспоримые преимущества при планировании органосохраняющих операций при локализованном раке почки у больных с отягощенным «почечным» анамнезом, при котором сохранение органа имеет принципиальное значение

Beta-HPV 5 and 8 E6 Promote p300 Degradation by Blocking AKT/p300 Association

The E6 oncoprotein from high-risk genus alpha human papillomaviruses (α-HPVs), such as HPV 16, has been well characterized with respect to the host-cell proteins it interacts with and corresponding signaling pathways that are disrupted due to these interactions. Less is known regarding the interacting partners of E6 from the genus beta papillomaviruses (β-HPVs); however, it is generally thought that β-HPV E6 proteins do not interact with many of the proteins known to bind to α-HPV E6. Here we identify p300 as a protein that interacts directly with E6 from both α- and β-HPV types. Importantly, this association appears much stronger with β-HPV types 5 and 8-E6 than with α-HPV type 16-E6 or β-HPV type 38-E6. We demonstrate that the enhanced association between 5/8-E6 and p300 leads to p300 degradation in a proteasomal-dependent but E6AP-independent manner. Rather, 5/8-E6 inhibit the association of AKT with p300, an event necessary to ensure p300 stability within the cell. Finally, we demonstrate that the decreased p300 protein levels concomitantly affect downstream signaling events, such as the expression of differentiation markers K1, K10 and Involucrin. Together, these results demonstrate a unique way in which β-HPV E6 proteins are able to affect host-cell signaling in a manner distinct from that of the α-HPVs