Dynamic Analysis of High Frequency Vibro-Impact Drilling

Vibro-impact drilling system modelling is a research and results of the selected models which is more complex model known as three mass model. As we know that this model is invented to prove the dynamic relationship between the drilled formation and drill bit. The static force, excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude is the main three main control parameters. The investigation ensures that rate of progression is varied by the three main parameters. Higher the static force and excitation amplitude, the best progression rate can be achieved. Thus, in this case, the static force is linear with excitation of amplitude. However, the lower value of excitation and increases in excitation of frequency with the decrease in static force, the result shows zero progression rate. Thus, this concludes the zero progression rate at higher excitation frequency for this models. As based on analysis, the model uses the resonance enhanced drilling (RED) technique for forming resonance state by using the adjustable high dynamic stress to improve the rate of progression. The simulation for the vibro-impact drilling motion is obtained by solving the equation of motion using MATLAB software

Dynamic Analysis of High Frequency Vibro-Impact Drilling

Vibro-impact drilling system modelling is a research and results of the selected models which is more complex model known as three mass model. As we know that this model is invented to prove the dynamic relationship between the drilled formation and drill bit. The static force, excitation frequency and the excitation amplitude is the main three main control parameters. The investigation ensures that rate of progression is varied by the three main parameters. Higher the static force and excitation amplitude, the best progression rate can be achieved. Thus, in this case, the static force is linear with excitation of amplitude. However, the lower value of excitation and increases in excitation of frequency with the decrease in static force, the result shows zero progression rate. Thus, this concludes the zero progression rate at higher excitation frequency for this models. As based on analysis, the model uses the resonance enhanced drilling (RED) technique for forming resonance state by using the adjustable high dynamic stress to improve the rate of progression. The simulation for the vibro-impact drilling motion is obtained by solving the equation of motion using MATLAB software

The Risk of Recurrence in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Tamoxifen: Polymorphisms of CYP2D6 and ABCB1

CYP2D6 plays a major role in the metabolism of tamoxifen, and polymorphism of Pglycoprotein has been associated with resistance of many drug therapies. This study investigates the clinical impact of genetic variants of CYP2D6 and ABCB1 in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Blood samples from 95 breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen were collected and genotyped for CYP2D6 and ABCB1 variants using allele-specific PCR method. Recurrence risks were calculated using Kaplan–Meier analysis and compared using the log-rank test. Patients carrying CYP2D6*10/*10 and heterozygous null allele (IM) showed higher risks of developing recurrence and metastasis (OR 13.14; 95% CI 1.57–109.94; P=0.004) than patients with CYP2D6*1/*1 and *1/*10 genotypes. Patients with homozygous CC genotypes of ABCB1 C3435T showed a shorter time to recurrence. Patients who were CYP2D6 IM and homozygous CC genotype of C3435T have statistically significant higher risks of recurrence (P=0.002). Similarly, median time to recurrence in these patients was only 12 months (95% CI=0.79–23.2) compared to those without this combination which was 48 months (95% CI=14.7–81.2). Patients with CYP2D6 IM and homozygous CC genotype of ABCB1 C3435T have shorter times to recurrence. The results confirmed the findings of previous studies and support FDA recommendation to perform pre-genotyping in patients before the choice of therapy is determined in breast cancer patients

Analysis of common genetic variation and rare CNVs in the Australian Autism Biobank.

BackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition whose biological basis is yet to be elucidated. The Australian Autism Biobank (AAB) is an initiative of the Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC) to establish an Australian resource of biospecimens, phenotypes and genomic data for research on autism.MethodsGenome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism genotypes were available for 2,477 individuals (after quality control) from 546 families (436 complete), including 886 participants aged 2 to 17 years with diagnosed (n = 871) or suspected (n = 15) ASD, 218 siblings without ASD, 1,256 parents, and 117 unrelated children without an ASD diagnosis. The genetic data were used to confirm familial relationships and assign ancestry, which was majority European (n = 1,964 European individuals). We generated polygenic scores (PGS) for ASD, IQ, chronotype and height in the subset of Europeans, and in 3,490 unrelated ancestry-matched participants from the UK Biobank. We tested for group differences for each PGS, and performed prediction analyses for related phenotypes in the AAB. We called copy-number variants (CNVs) in all participants, and intersected these with high-confidence ASD- and intellectual disability (ID)-associated CNVs and genes from the public domain.ResultsThe ASD (p = 6.1e-13), sibling (p = 4.9e-3) and unrelated (p = 3.0e-3) groups had significantly higher ASD PGS than UK Biobank controls, whereas this was not the case for height-a control trait. The IQ PGS was a significant predictor of measured IQ in undiagnosed children (r = 0.24, p = 2.1e-3) and parents (r = 0.17, p = 8.0e-7; 4.0% of variance), but not the ASD group. Chronotype PGS predicted sleep disturbances within the ASD group (r = 0.13, p = 1.9e-3; 1.3% of variance). In the CNV analysis, we identified 13 individuals with CNVs overlapping ASD/ID-associated CNVs, and 12 with CNVs overlapping ASD/ID/developmental delay-associated genes identified on the basis of de novo variants.LimitationsThis dataset is modest in size, and the publicly-available genome-wide-association-study (GWAS) summary statistics used to calculate PGS for ASD and other traits are relatively underpowered.ConclusionsWe report on common genetic variation and rare CNVs within the AAB. Prediction analyses using currently available GWAS summary statistics are largely consistent with expected relationships based on published studies. As the size of publicly-available GWAS summary statistics grows, the phenotypic depth of the AAB dataset will provide many opportunities for analyses of autism profiles and co-occurring conditions, including when integrated with other omics datasets generated from AAB biospecimens (blood, urine, stool, hair)

Drosophila DNA polymerase theta utilizes both helicase-like and polymerase domains during microhomology-mediated end joining and interstrand crosslink repair

Double strand breaks (DSBs) and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are toxic DNA lesions that can be repaired through multiple pathways, some of which involve shared proteins. One of these proteins, DNA Polymerase theta (Pol theta), coordinates a mutagenic DSB repair pathway named microhomology-mediated end joining (MMEJ) and is also a critical component for bypass or repair of ICLs in several organisms. Pol theta contains both polymerase and helicase-like domains that are tethered by an unstructured central region. While the role of the polymerase domain in promoting MMEJ has been studied extensively both in vitro and in vivo, a function for the helicase-like domain, which possesses DNA-dependent ATPase activity, remains unclear. Here, we utilize genetic and biochemical analyses to examine the roles of the helicase-like and polymerase domains of Drosophila Pol theta. We demonstrate an absolute requirement for both polymerase and ATPase activities during ICL repair in vivo. However, similar to mammalian systems, polymerase activity, but not ATPase activity, is required for ionizing radiation-induced DSB repair. Using a site-specific break repair assay, we show that overall end-joining efficiency is not affected in ATPase-dead mutants, but there is a significant decrease in templated insertion events. In vitro, Pol theta can efficiently bypass a model unhooked nitrogen mustard crosslink and promote DNA synthesis following microhomology annealing, although ATPase activity is not required for these functions. Together, our data illustrate the functional importance of the helicase-like domain of Pol theta and suggest that its tethering to the polymerase domain is important for its multiple functions in DNA repair and damage tolerance

Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion of Food Waste to Pelletized Fertilizer

In this report, thermophilic aerobic digestion of food waste is being introduced to convert the food waste into a pelletized fertilizer for economical usage. In overall, many statistics been shown in this report about the generation of food waste globally and also particularly in Malaysia. Even, ways of managing the municipal solid waste particularly food waste also been revealed in this report. The objectives of this research project is mainly to study the effect of thermophilic aerobic temperature on the degradation of food waste, determining the composition of the produced fertilizer and also analysing the moisture content of the food waste. Moreover, the scope of study of this whole research paper comprehensive more on the understanding the aerobic thermophilic condition on the digestion of food waste into fertilizers, densifying the fertilizers into pellets and analyzing the percentage content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the fertilizer

Thermophilic Aerobic Digestion of Food Waste to Pelletized Fertilizer

In this report, thermophilic aerobic digestion of food waste is being introduced to convert the food waste into a pelletized fertilizer for economical usage. In overall, many statistics been shown in this report about the generation of food waste globally and also particularly in Malaysia. Even, ways of managing the municipal solid waste particularly food waste also been revealed in this report. The objectives of this research project is mainly to study the effect of thermophilic aerobic temperature on the degradation of food waste, determining the composition of the produced fertilizer and also analysing the moisture content of the food waste. Moreover, the scope of study of this whole research paper comprehensive more on the understanding the aerobic thermophilic condition on the digestion of food waste into fertilizers, densifying the fertilizers into pellets and analyzing the percentage content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in the fertilizer

Lindernia Micrantha D. Don (Linderniaceae): A red listed plant species new discoveryto Tamil Nadu, India

Lindernia micrantha D. Don is a red listed (Least Concern) species, recorded first time from Sathuragiri hills, Madurai District, Southern Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India. This communication brings with detailed description, distribution, phenology and photographs of the species for easy identification. © 2020 Plant Archives. All rights reserved