Identificación de nuevas proteínas que interaccionan con CtIP: Implicación de PRMT5 y CCAR2 en la resección del ADN

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) represent the most cytotoxic DNA lesion that can arise from either endogenous and exogenous genotoxic stresses. There are two major and alternative pathways to repair DSBs: non-homologous endjoining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The choice between these repair mechanisms is highly regulated in order to ensure an accurate repair and maintenance of genomic stability. The best-known regulatory step is DNA end resection, which leads to repair by HR whereas inhibits NHEJ. DNA end resection is an evolutionary conserved process that consists in 5’-3’ degradation of each DNA end, giving rise to 3’ ssDNA tails. CtIP is a key factor involved in initiation of end resection in humans, acting as a hub that integrates several cellular and environmental cues through different post-translational modifications and protein-protein interactions. Thus, in order to identify additional factors that regulate CtIP resection role, we performed Tandem Affinity Purification assay using U2OS cells expressing a double-tagged (GFP and FLAG) CtIP fusion. We isolated 10 new CtIP constitutive binding proteins, most of them with an effect in DNA end resection, either by stimulating it or hampering it. Among all these CtIP interactors, we focused on PRMT5 and CCAR2 and show that they play opposite roles in regulating DNA end resection. PRMT5 promotes initiation and stimulates processivity of DNA end resection, and it is required for survival to DSB-inducing agents. Otherwise, CCAR2 acts as an antagonist of CtIP by impairing resection initiation and limiting the extent of DNA that is resected, becoming an important regulator of the length of resection tracts. Despite affecting DNA end resection in different ways, depletion of either PRMT5 or CCAR2 disturbs the balance between NHEJ and HR for the repair of DSBs, suggesting that both proteins are essentials for preserving genomic integrity

Gênero e Saúde em Enfermeiras Espanholas

gender exercises a powerful effect on determining health status: it may limit different rates of exposure to certain risks, different patterns in the quest for treatment or differential impacts of the social economic determinants of health. The object of this study has been to discover the relationships between gender and health in a special group of the Spanish population, male/female nurses. Spanish male (n = 98) and female (n = 98) nurses completed measures of gender norms, and health behavior variables. The analysis of correlations between health variables and gender norms indicates that registering a higher score in gender norms correlates with lower scores in physical and mental health and lifestyles. The logistical regression equations (self-perceived health, mental health and the number of illnesses suffered) identify differences between male and female nurses, with the only common variable being the level of perceived stress.el género ejerce un efecto poderoso en la determinación del estado de salud y puede limitar diferentes niveles de exposición a ciertos riesgos, diferentes patrones en la búsqueda por tratamiento o diferentes impactos de determinantes socioeconómicos en la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue descubrir las relaciones entre género y salud en un grupo especial de la población española, enfermeros y enfermeras. Enfermeros (n = 98) y enfermeras (n = 98) completaron medidas de normas de género y comportamientos de salud. El análisis de las correlaciones entre variables de salud y de género indicaron que un alto escore en las normas de género se correlaciona con bajos escores de salud física/mental y estilos de vida. Las ecuaciones de regresión logística (salud autopercibida, salud mental y número de dolencias) identificaron diferencias entre enfermeros y enfermeras; estrés percibido ha sido la única variable en común.O gênero exerce um efeito poderoso na determinação do estado de saúde. Ele pode limitar diferentes níveis de exposição a certos riscos, diferentes padrões na busca por tratamento ou diferentes impactos de determinantes socioeconômicos na saúde. Este estudo teve por objetivo descobrir as relações entre gênero e saúde em um grupo especial da população espanhola, enfermeiros e enfermeiras. Enfermeiros (n = 98) e enfermeiras (n = 98) completaram medidas de normas de gênero e comportamentos de saúde. A análise das correlações entre variáveis de saúde e normas de gênero indicaram que um alto escore nas normas de gênero se correlaciona com baixos escores de saúde física/mental e estilos de vida. As equações de regressão logística (saúde auto percebida, saúde mental e número de dolências) identificaram diferenças entre enfermeiros e enfermeiras; estresse percebido foi a única variável em comum

The Complexity of Lignin Thermal Degradation in the Isothermal Context

[Abstract] Thermal degradation of lignin in nitrogen atmosphere is evaluated by linear heating and isothermal tests. While linear heating suggests that thermal decomposition in the 200–400 °C range mainly consists of a single step, a careful analysis of isothermal tests points to different lignin fractions having different stabilities. This is an important point for practical predictions, since kinetics obtained as if the degradations at different temperatures were the same would lack practical utility. Instead, stairway type tests are proposed to evaluate the degradation rates and sample quantities involved at the temperatures of interest.This research was funded by MINECO, grant number MTM2017-82724-R and by Xunta de Galicia (Grupos de Referencia Competitiva ED431C-2020-14 and Centro de Investigación del Sistema universitario de Galicia ED431G 2019/01), all of them through the ERDFXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

A Logistic Approach for Kinetics of Isothermal Pyrolysis of Cellulose

[Abstract] A kinetic model is proposed to fit isothermal thermogravimetric data obtained from cellulose in an inert atmosphere at different temperatures. The method used here to evaluate the model involves two steps: (1) fitting of single time-derivative thermogravimetric curves (DTG) obtained at different temperatures versus time, and (2) fitting of the rate parameter values obtained at different temperatures versus temperature. The first step makes use of derivative of logistic functions. For the second step, the dependence of the rate factor on temperature is evaluated. That separation of the curve fitting from the analysis of the rate factor resulted to be very flexible since it proved to work for previous crystallization studies and now for thermal degradation of celluloseMinisterio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital; MTM2017-82724-RXunta de Galicia; ED431C-2020-14Xunta de Galicia; ED431G 2019/0

Competing roles of DNA end resection and non-homologous end joining functions in the repair of replication-born double-strand breaks by sister-chromatid recombination

While regulating the choice between homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) as mechanisms of double-strand break (DSB) repair is exerted at several steps, the key step is DNA end resection, which in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is controlled by the MRX complex and the Sgs1 DNA helicase or the Sae2 and Exo1 nucleases. To assay the role of DNA resection in sister-chromatid recombination (SCR) as the major repair mechanism of spontaneous DSBs, we used a circular minichromosome system for the repair of replication-born DSBs by SCR in yeast. We provide evidence that MRX, particularly its Mre11 nuclease activity, and Sae2 are required for SCR-mediated repair of DSBs. The phenotype of nuclease-deficient MRX mutants is suppressed by ablation of Yku70 or overexpression of Exo1, suggesting a competition between NHEJ and resection factors for DNA ends arising during replication. In addition, we observe partially redundant roles for Sgs1 and Exo1 in SCR, with a more prominent role for Sgs1. Using human U2OS cells, we also show that the competitive nature of these reactions is likely evolutionarily conserved. These results further our understanding of the role of DNA resection in repair of replication-born DSBs revealing unanticipated differences between these events and repair of enzymatically induced DSBs.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación BFU2006-05260, BFU2010-16372, CSD2007-015, SAF2010-21017, SAF2010-14877Junta de Andalucía BIO102, CVI4567European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme HEALTH-F2-2010-259893Cancer Research UK C6/A11224, C6946/A14492Wellcome Trust 09209

Engagement y estrés laboral en el trabajo en colaboradores del sector minero

La presente investigación, tuvo como objetivo determinar la relación entre el Engagement y Estrés Laboral en el Trabajo en colaboradores del sector minero de la provincia de Pataz. El tipo de investigación fue descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental transversal, en el cual se contó con una muestra de 323 operarios de mina. Se utilizó la encuesta de Bienestar y Trabajo UWES y escala de estrés laboral de la OIT. Se concluyó que el Engagement y Estrés Laboral en el Trabajo presentan una correlación significativa e inversa indicando que a mayor nivel de engagement menor será el nivel de estrés o viceversa

Women are more at risk of poor mental health: mental health of spanish nursesmeasured by the GHQ-12

Background: Mental health is one of the principal indicators of people’s quality of life. One of the professions most commonly associated with mental health problems is nursing. Objectives: We analyzed mental health in a group of female and male nurses from a hospital in Madrid (Spain) to evaluate whether differences exist between the groups. Furthermore, there is an analysis regarding whether the variables affecting mental health in female nurses are different from those affecting male nurses. Patients and Methods: The research is non-experimental, observational, with a cross sectional and descriptive analysis. The GHQ-12 instrument was chosen for the analysis of mental health in male and female nurses. The GHQ-12 has been validated in the Spanish population. Results: Male and female professional nurses scored worse in mental health than the population as a whole. Female nurses had worse scores than male nurses. Mental health in male nurses is related to age, self-perceived health, stress at work, and job satisfaction. The variables related to mental health in female nurses are stress at work and rest/sleep. Conclusions: The variables explaining the state of mental health in female and male nurses are different. The only variable in both regression equations is stress at work, and even then it has different magnitudes for male and female nurses. An awareness of possible quantitative and qualitative differences in the mental health of male and female nurses will contribute to the optimal design of more efficient, evidence-based treatments geared to improving the health of these professionals

Perfil de índice de masa corporal (imc) en un grupo de niños de edades escolares

Durante los últimos veinticinco años, la obesidad pasa a ser un problema de proporciones epidemiológica tanta en adultos como en niños...

Impact in communication area of call for papers from suspected fraudulent journals

La exigente promoción del profesorado universitario está siendo aprovechada por editoriales internacionales para desarrollar un negocio rápido, que se enmarca en actividades supuestamente fraudulentas de revistas aparentemente científicas, pero sin indexaciones de impacto que algunos/as expertos/as ya califican como “epidemia” (García-Puente, 2019) y “plaga” (Silva, 2016). Esta investigación recurre a la técnica del cliente o investigador/a misterioso/a (Morena, 2013) para responder a una muestra intencional de los call for papers (CFP) remitidos a investigadores e investigadoras entre enero y abril de 2020, con un artículo previamente publicado, que fue intencionadamente alterado para aparentar que se trata de un artículo científico, pero que vulnera las pautas de originalidad y rigor: se altera el orden de los párrafos y se traduce al inglés con DeepL, sin supervisión posterior. En el periodo de estudio se reciben 98 CFP y se realizan 38 envíos. Los resultados son elocuentes: ninguno ha sido rechazado, en plazo promedio de 6 días se confirman 16 aceptaciones de publicación. En todas se solicita el pago previo aranceles. El artículo permite identificar el perfil de las revistas, sus estrategias de captación, uso de reclamos de: indexación, normas éticas y evaluación por pares y las estrategias de naming para simular prestigio internacional.The demanding promotion of university professors is being taken advantage of by international publishers to develop a fast business, that is framed in supposedly fraudulent activities of apparently scientific magazines, but without impact indexes that some experts already qualify as "epidemic" (García-Puente, 2019) and "plague" (Silva, 2016). This research uses the mystery client technique (Morena, 2013) to respond to an intentional sample of call for papers (CFP) submitted to researchers between January and April 2020, with a previously published article, that was intentionally altered to appear to be a scientific paper, but which violates the guidelines of originality and rigor: the order of the paragraphs is altered and translated into English with DeepL, without subsequent monitoring. During the period, 98 PICs were received and 38 submissions were made. The results are eloquent: none has been rejected, and within an average of 6 days 17 publication acceptances are confirmed. In all cases, payment is requested in advance. The article allows us to identify the profile of the journals, their recruitment strategies, the use of claims of: indexing, ethical standards and peer review and the naming strategies to simulate international prestige