98 research outputs found
Escisión
Masacres, enfermedades mentales, torturas, monstruos terroríficos, zombis matando... si pensamos en estos sucesos, todos ellos nos llevan a un mismo punto: el cine de terror. Las personas que eligen este género lo hacen para sentir esa adrenalina de intranquilidad y suspenso que hace ponerte en el lugar del personaje. Pero para llegar a este mundo de lo desconocido e irreal, existe todo un proceso detrás de creación de la historia y realización. Por tal motivo, este trabajo describe y plasma los elementos del género de terror en una secuencia audiovisual, tomando en cuenta su realización y las propuestas de cada área de producción basado en los referentes de la historia de género
Mast Cell Changes the Phenotype of Microglia via Histamine and ATP
Background/Aims: Microglia are the dynamic motile phagocytes of the brain considered
the first line of defense against threats or disturbances to the Central Nervous System
(CNS). Microglia help orchestrate the immunological response by interacting with others
immune cells. Mast cells (MCs) are effector cells of the innate immune system distributed
in all organs and vascularized tissues, brain included. Several molecular mechanisms for
potential interactions between MCs and microglia have been determined. However, the
effect of MCs on regulated exocytosis and phagocytic clearance in microglia has not been
explored. Methods: Cocktails of MCs mediators (MCM) obtained at 37°C and 53°C were used
to induce microglia activation. Changes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i and ATP release were
studied by calcium and quinacrine fluorescence imaging. Fluorescent latex beads were used
to assay phagocytosis in microglia after MCM treatment and compared to that measured
in the presence of histamine, ATP and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Iba-1 expression and area
were quantified by immunofluorescence and histamine levels evaluated by ELISA techniques.
Results: Local application onto microglia of the MC mediator cocktail elicited Ca2+ transients
and exocytotic release associated with quinacrine dye de-staining. Ca2+ signals were mimicked
by histamine and blocked by the H1 receptor (H1R) antagonist, cetirizine. Hydrolysis of ATP
by apyrase also affected Ca2+ transients to a lesser extent. Iba-1 fluorescence, cell area and
phagocytosis were enhanced by histamine through H1R. However, ATP prevented iba-1
expression and microglial phagocytosis. MCM showed combined effects of histamine and
ATP, increasing the number of internalized microbeads per cell and area without raising iba1
expression. Conclusion: Our results highlight the relevance of MC-derived histamine and ATP
in the modulation of secretory and phagocytic activities that would explain the heterogeneity
of microglial responses in different pathological contexts.Agencia Estatal de Investigación/ProyectoJunta de Andalucí
Proyecto AURA: Vivienda social sostenible
El Proyecto Aura nace con el objetivo de desarrollar una línea de
investigación enfocada en la vivienda social sostenible dentro de la Escuela
Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de la Universidad de Sevilla en general y del
grupo de investigación HUM-965_TRAnSHUMANCIAS en particular. La
invitación recibida para participar en la competición de arquitectura sostenible
“Solar Decathlon Latin America & Caribbean 2015”[2] se convierte en la
plataforma perfecta para materializar en una propuesta construida, el trabajo
desarrollado por el equipo de investigación, en el que también concurren
investigadores de otros grupos, tanto de la Universidad de Sevilla, como del
extranjero.
En esta edición las premisas que tradicionalmente venían siendo los pilares
fundamentales de esta competición entre Universidades de todo el mundo, y que
orientaban a los equipos en la búsqueda de un prototipo eco-eficiente, dan un giro
y se enfocan hacia la reflexión sobre la sostenibilidad en unas condiciones de
contorno, situación y localización, muy concretas: El entorno de clima tropical y
la problemática de vivienda social y crecimiento urbano en la ciudad de Cali. En
esta ponencia, complementaria a la titulada “PROYECTO AURA: VIVIENDA
SOCIAL SOSTENIBLE” se describe la estrategia para la caracterización
constructiva del proyecto así como la planificación proceso constructivo real
llevado a cabo del prototipo para el concurso
Pre-existing Hemagglutinin Stalk Antibodies Correlate with Protection of Lower Respiratory Symptoms in Flu-Infected Transplant Patients
Hemagglutination-inhibitory antibodies are usually highly strain specific with little effect on infection with drifted or shifted strains. The significance of broadly cross-reactive non-HAI anti-influenza antibodies against conserved domains of virus glycoproteins, such as the hemagglutinin (HA) stalk, is of great interest. We characterize a cohort of 40 H1N1pmd09 influenza-infected patients and identify lower respiratory symptoms (LRSs) as a predictor for development of pneumonia. A binomial logistic regression of log10 pre-existing antibody values shows that the probability of LRS occurrence decreased with increased anti-HA full-length and stalk antibody ELISA titers. However, a multilevel logistic regression model adjusted by other potential serocorrelates demonstrates that only antibodies directed against the stalk of HA correlate with protection from lower respiratory infection, limiting disease progression. Our predictive model indicates that a threshold of protective immunity based on broadly cross-reactive HA stalk antibodies could be feasible
Tuberculosis prophylaxis with levofloxacin in liver transplant patients is associated with a high incidence of tenosynovitis: safety analysis of a multicenter randomized trial
This work was supported by the Ayudas para el fomento de la investigacion clinica independiente [EC 10-120] and Programa Intramural Consorcio de Apoyo a la Investigación Biomédica en Red 2010. Other funding sources: National R&D&I Plan 2008–2011 and the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases [RD06/0008, RD12/0015] - co-financed by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” ERDF. Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas is financed by the ISCIII.Background: It is necessary to develop a safe alternative to isoniazid for tuberculosis prophylaxis in liver transplant recipients. This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin.
Methods: An open-label, prospective, multicenter, randomized study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of levofloxacin (500 mg q24h for 9 months) initiated in patients awaiting liver transplantation and isoniazid (300 mg q24h for 9 months) initiated post-transplant when liver function was stabilized. Efficacy was measured by tuberculosis incidence at 18 months after transplantation. All adverse events related to the medication were recorded.
Results: CONSORT guidelines were followed in order to present the results. The safety committee suspended the study through a safety analysis when 64 patients had been included (31 in the isoniazid arm and 33 in the levofloxacin arm). The reason for suspension was an unexpected incidence of severe tenosynovitis in the levofloxacin arm (18.2%). Although the clinical course was favorable in all cases, tenosynovitis persisted for 7 weeks in some patients. No patients treated with isoniazid, developed tenosynovitis. Only 32.2% of patients randomized to isoniazid (10/31) and 54.5% of patients randomized to levofloxacin (18/33, P = .094) completed prophylaxis. No patient developed tuberculosis during the study follow-up (median 270 days).
Conclusions: Levofloxacin prophylaxis of tuberculosis in liver transplant candidates is associated with a high incidence of tenosynovitis that limits its potential utility.Ayudas para el fomento de la investigación clínica independiente [EC 10-120]Programa Intramural Consorcio de Apoyo a la Investigación Biomédica en Red 2010National R&D&I Plan 2008–2011Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RD06/0008, RD12/0015European Development Regional Fun
Efficacy and safety of a booster dose of influenza vaccination in solid organ transplant recipients, TRANSGRIPE 1-2: study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial
BACKGROUND: Despite administration of annual influenza
vaccination, influenza-associated complications in transplant
recipients continue to be an important cause of hospitalization
and death. Although influenza vaccination has been proven to be
the most effective measure to reduce influenza infection after
transplantation, transplant recipients are still vulnerable to
influenza infections, with lower serological responses to
vaccination compared to the general population. In order to
assess the efficacy and safety of an alternative immunization
scheme for solid organ transplant recipients, the TRANSGRIPE1-2
Study Group aimed to test a booster dose administration 5 weeks
after the standard vaccination. The primary objective of this
trial was to compare short-term and long-term neutralizing
antibody immunogenicity of a booster dose of influenza
vaccination to the standard single-dose immunization scheme.
Secondary objectives included the evaluation of the efficacy
and/or safety, cellular immune response, incidence of influenza
infection, graft rejection, retransplant and mortality rates.
METHODS/DESIGN: This phase III, randomized, controlled,
open-label clinical trial was conducted between October 2012 and
December 2013 in 12 Spanish public referral hospitals. Solid
organ transplant recipients (liver, kidney, heart or lung),
older than 16 years of age more than 30 days after
transplantation were eligible to participate. Patients (N = 514)
were stratified 1:1 by center, type of organ and time after
transplantation and who either received the standard single dose
(n = 257) or were treated according to a novel influenza
vaccination schedule comprising the administration of a booster
dose 5 weeks after standard vaccination (n = 254).
Seroconversion rates were measured as a determinant of
protection against influenza (main outcome). Efficacy and safety
outcomes were followed until 1 year after influenza vaccination
with assessment of short-term (0, 5, 10 and 15 weeks) and
long-term (12 months) results. Intention-to-treat, per-protocol
and safety analyses will be performed. DISCUSSION: This trial
will increase knowledge about the safety and efficacy of a
booster dose of influenza vaccine in solid organ transplant
recipients. At the time the manuscript was submitted for
publication, trial recruitment was closed with a total of 499
participants included during a 2-month period (within the
seasonal influenza vaccination campaign). TRIAL REGISTRATION:
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01761435 (registered 13
December 2012). EudraCT Identifier: 2011-003243-21 (registered 4
July 2011)
Effect of Influenza Vaccination Inducing Antibody Mediated Rejection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Introduction: Our goal was to study whether influenza vaccination induced antibody mediated rejection in a large cohort of solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR).
Methods: Serum anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) antibodies were determined using class I and class II antibody-coated latex beads (FlowPRATM Screening Test) by flow cytometry. Anti-HLA antibody specificity was determined using the single-antigen bead flow cytometry (SAFC) assay and assignation of donor specific antibodies (DSA) was performed by virtual-crossmatch.
Results: We studied a cohort of 490 SOTR that received an influenza vaccination from 2009 to 2013: 110 (22.4%) received the pandemic adjuvanted vaccine, 59 (12%) within the first 6 months post-transplantation, 185 (37.7%) more than 6 months after transplantation and 136 (27.7%) received two vaccination doses. Overall, no differences of anti-HLA antibodies were found after immunization in patients that received the adjuvanted vaccine, within the first 6 months post-transplantation, or based on the type of organ transplanted. However, the second immunization dose increased the percentage of patients positive for anti-HLA class I significantly compared with patients with one dose (14.6% vs. 3.8%; P = 0.003). Patients with pre-existing antibodies before vaccination (15.7% for anti-HLA class I and 15.9% for class II) did not increase reactivity after immunization. A group of 75 (14.4%) patients developed de novo anti-HLA antibodies, however, only 5 (1.02%) of them were DSA, and none experienced allograft rejection. Only two (0.4%) patients were diagnosed with graft rejection with favorable outcomes and neither of them developed DSA.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that influenza vaccination is not associated with graft rejection in this cohort of SOTR.This study was funded by the Consejería de Salud (Grant Number: PI-0119-2012), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Grant Numbers: GR09/0041, PI14-00165, and MPY110/18) and co-financed by European Development Regional Fund “A way to achieve Europe” ERDF, Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD12/0015/0001)
Conocimientos y actitudes hacia la sexualidad y educación sexual en docentes de colegios públicos
En ese artículo se presentan los resultados de un estudio de conocimientos y actitudes en sexualidad y en educación sexual dirigido a docentes de 17 colegios públicos de la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador. Se evaluó el impacto de un curso de capacitación sobre sexualidad que fue planificado por el proyecto VLIR-UOS “Promoción de la salud sexual en Adolescentes” de la Universidad de Cuenca-Ecuador. Con el objetivo de evaluar el efecto del curso, se aplicó a los docentes y 2 grupos de profesores no asistentes como testigos, una evaluación diagnóstica y una evaluación final, a través de 3 cuestionarios: el cuestionario de conocimientos sobre sexualidad y educación sexual con los siguientes ejes temáticos: sexualidad y actitudes, docencia y educación sexual, sexualidad y adolescencia, sexualidad: diversidad y bienestar personal-social y metodología en educación sexual. El cuestionario de actitudes hacia la sexualidad, con los siguientes ejes: valores personales claros, actitudes hacia la sexualidad en la vida, actitudes hacia la anticoncepción, actitudes hacia las relaciones prematrimoniales y autoestima. Finalmente, se aplicó el cuestionario de actitudes hacia la educación sexual. Los resultados muestran avances significativos en el nivel de conocimientos del grupo de capacitación; en la valoración inicial los docentes obtuvieron una media de .76 (DE = .07) y en post test este valor se elevó a .81 (DE = .07). En las actitudes hacia la sexualidad las diferencias no fueron estadísticamente significativas, la media inicial fue de 3.92 (DE = .52) y posteriormente fue de 4.16 (DE = .81). En las actitudes hacia la educación sexual, el valor medio inicial fue de 1.79 (DE = .58) que descendió a 1.52 (DE = .29) lo que indica una mejoría significativa en este aspecto. Se considera que variables tales como la edad de los participantes, perfil profesional y la modalidad del curso tuvieron una marcada influencia en el resultado de esta capacitación en sexualidad y educación sexual. Se discute sobre las medidas correctivas para mejorar la eficacia del curso
PKD phosphorylation and COP9/Signalosome modulate intracellular Spry2 protein stability
Spry2 is a molecular modulator of tyrosine kinase receptor signaling pathways that has cancer-type-specific effects. Mammalian Spry2 protein undergoes tyrosine and serine phosphorylation in response to growth factor stimulation. Spry2 expression is distinctly altered in various cancer types. Inhibition of the proteasome functionality results in reduced intracellular Spry2 degradation. Using in vitro and in vivo assays, we show that protein kinase D (PKD) phosphorylates Spry2 at serine 112 and interacts in vivo with the C-terminal half of this protein. Importantly, missense mutation of Ser112 decreases the rate of Spry2 intracellular protein degradation. Either knocking down the expression of all three mammalian PKD isoforms or blocking their kinase activity with a specific inhibitor contributes to the stabilization of Spry2 wild-type protein. Downregulation of CSN3, a component of the COP9/Signalosome that binds PKD, significantly increases the half-life of Spry2 wild-type protein but does not affect the stability of a Spry2 after mutating Ser112 to the non-phosphorylatable residue alanine. Our data demonstrate that both PKD and the COP9/Signalosome play a significant role in control of Spry2 intracellular stability and support the consideration of the PKD/COP9 complex as a potential therapeutic target in tumors where Spry2 expression is reduced.JMR-C received grant support from MINECO-FEDER (SAF2016-78852-R), AESI-ISCIII (PI20CIII/00029) and Spanish Association against Cancer (AECC, CGB14143035THOM). ES group was supported by grants from ISCIII-MCUI (FIS PI19/00934), JCyL (SA264P18-UIC-076), Areces Foundation (CIVP19A5942), Solorzano-Barruso Foundation (FS/32–2020) and by ISCIII-CIBERONC (group CB16/12/00352). Funding to AM group was provided by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-104867RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033) and by ISCIII-CIBERONC (group CB16/12/00273). TI was supported by grant PID2020-115218RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe” and by ISCIII-CIBERNED. RB received grant support from AESI-ISCIII (PI20CIII/00019). Finally, DP-J and MY groups were supported by grants 1.012.022 (to DP-J), 1.010.929 and 1.400.002 (both to MY) from Fundación Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio (FUAX). All research co-financed by FEDER funds.S
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