Medicated gingival enlargement in patients suffering from hypertension, heart disease and epilepsy

Introducción: el agrandamiento gingival medicamentoso es el efecto indeseado más extendido de la medicación sistémica sobre los tejidos periodontales, se implican con mayor frecuencia los medicamentos: fenitoína, ciclosporina y nifedipina, y no existe consenso respecto a las cifras exactas de prevalencia.Objetivo: caracterizar el agrandamiento gingival medicamentoso en pacientes que padecen hipertensión, cardiopatía y epilepsia  del Consultorio del Médico de la Familia 21-8 del Policlínico “XX Aniversario”.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo observacional de corte transversal. Se seleccionaron los casos por muestreo no probabilístico intencional por criterios, la muestra quedó conformada por 46 personas. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos y empíricos que incluyeron la aplicación de índices epidemiológicos. La información se agrupó en tablas de contingencias y frecuencias.Resultados: la prevalencia de agrandamiento gingival fue de 4,3% sin distinción de edad ni sexo y afectó a los que padecen epilepsia. La fenitoína y la carbamazepina fueron los medicamentos que lo produjeron, se identificaron los factores de riesgo: edad, sexo, tiempo y dosis de consumo del fármaco, higiene bucal y estado periodontal.Conclusiones: la prevalencia de agrandamiento gingival fue baja, con severidad grado 2 y 3, exclusiva de pacientes epilépticos tratados con carbamazepina y fenitoína. Afectó por igual a jóvenes de ambos sexos. La higiene bucal deficiente y la enfermedad periodontal inflamatoria crónica estuvieron presentes.Introduction: medicated gingival enlargement is the most widespread undesirable effect of systemic medication on periodontal tissues, the most frequently implicated drugs are phenytoin, cyclosporine and nifedipine, and there is no consensus on exact prevalence figures.Objective: to characterize medicinal gingival enlargement in patients suffering from hypertension, cardiopathy and epilepsy at the Family Physician's Office 21-8 of the "XX Aniversario" Polyclinic.Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive, observational study was conducted. Cases were selected by intentional non-probabilistic sampling by criteria, the sample was made up of 46 people. Theoretical and empirical methods were applied that included the application of epidemiological indices. The information was grouped in tables of contingencies and frequencies.Results: the prevalence of gingival enlargement was 4.3% without distinction of age or sex and it affected those who suffer from epilepsy. Phenytoin and carbamazepine were the drugs that produced it, risk factors were identified: age, sex, time and dose of drug consumption, oral hygiene and periodontal condition.Conclusions: prevalence of gingival enlargement was low, with severity grade 2 and 3, exclusive of epileptic patients treated with carbamazepine and phenytoin. It affected equally young people of both sexes. Poor oral hygiene and chronic inflammatory periodontal disease were present

Risk factors and outcomes of organ-space surgical site infections after elective colon and rectal surgery

Background: organ-space surgical site infections (SSI) are the most serious and costly infections after colorectal surgery. Most previous studies of risk factors for SSI have analysed colon and rectal procedures together. The aim of the study was to determine whether colon and rectal procedures have different risk factors and outcomes for organ-space SSI. Methods: a multicentre observational prospective cohort study of adults undergoing elective colon and rectal procedures at 10 Spanish hospitals from 2011 to 2014. Patients were followed up until 30 days post-surgery. Surgical site infection was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria. Oral antibiotic prophylaxis (OAP) was considered as the administration of oral antibiotics the day before surgery combined with systemic intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis. Results: of 3,701 patients, 2,518 (68%) underwent colon surgery and 1,183 (32%) rectal surgery. In colon surgery, the overall SSI rate was 16.4% and the organ-space SSI rate was 7.9%, while in rectal surgery the rates were 21.6% and 11.5% respectively (p < 0.001). Independent risk factors for organ-space SSI in colon surgery were male sex (Odds ratio -OR-: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.14-2.15) and ostomy creation (OR: 2.65, 95% CI: 1.8-3.92) while laparoscopy (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.38-0.69) and OAP combined with intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis (OR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.51-0.97) were protective factors. In rectal surgery, independent risk factors for organ-space SSI were male sex (OR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.34-3.31) and longer surgery (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.03-2.15), whereas OAP with intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis (OR: 0.49, 95% CI: 0.32-0.73) was a protective factor. Among patients with organ-space SSI, we found a significant difference in the overall 30-day mortality, being higher in colon surgery than in rectal surgery (11.5% vs 5.1%, p = 0.04). Conclusions: organ-space SSI in colon and rectal surgery has some differences in terms of incidence, risk factors and outcomes. These differences could be considered for surveillance purposes and for the implementation of preventive strategies. Administration of OAP would be an important measure to reduce the OS-SSI rate in both colon and rectal surgeries

Diseño de infografías científicas en el aula a través de herramientas web 3.0 y recursos en abierto

El proyecto que se presenta pretende instruir a estudiantes y profesores en las competencias necesarias para el diseño y elaboración de infografías científicas de contenidos académicos, utilizando para ello herramientas de la web 3.0 disponibles en abierto. Exponer ideas científicas mediante la elaboración de infografías es una realidad que ha llegado ya a todos los hogares gracias a los medios de comunicación: al exponer noticias en papel o en web, los redactores ya no recurren únicamente al texto con imágenes, sino que se valen de elementos infográficos explicativos que ayudan a que el público comprenda mejor la noticia en su dimensión más técnica. Aplicar la metodología de realización de infografías científicas a la práctica docente en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (Historia del Arte, Historia Moderna, Educación, Psicología, Bellas Artes y Documentación) se presenta no solo como una estrategia útil para que los estudiantes sinteticen las claves de determinados temas, sino también como una herramienta interesante para dotar de competencias de difusión científica a los alumnos, facilitando así su inserción laboral. Asimismo, esta proyecto ha facilitado la conformación de un equipo innovador profundamente interdisciplinar (Historia, Historia del Arte, Psicología, Tecnologías y Bellas Artes) e interinstitucional (UCM, UNED y URJC) con un enorme potencial de cara a futuras propuestas de innovación docente

INFOTIC. Infografías académicas y herramientas de visualización de datos científicos con herramientas TIC: formación docente, diseño de recursos multimedia y experiencias didácticas para la enseñanza semipresencial

El proyecto ha gravitado en torno al uso didáctico de las infografías científicas como una herramienta destinada a la enseñanza semipresencial y telemática, aportando nuevos recursos para estudiantes y docentes y permitiendo implementar dinámicas adaptadas a las nuevas tecnologías. En este sentido, una infografía se puede definir como un conjunto de ideas complejas representadas mediante palabras, imágenes, gráficos, etc., que les confieren un aspecto visualmente atractivo. Las infografías conforman un hilo comunicativo de transmisión de estas ideas gracias al uso de textos informativos, que refuerzan su carácter pedagógico, e imágenes ilustrativas para potenciar la claridad y el dinamismo del mensaje. La visualidad de los datos integrados en las infografías es la característica más destacable de estos recursos, haciéndolas interesantes para su aplicación en la enseñanza y divulgación académica. En el marco de este proyecto, poseen una finalidad eminentemente didáctica, ayudando a que temas complejos puedan ser entendidos por un público no especializado

Trends in the epidemiology of catheter-related bloodstream infections; towards a paradigm shift, Spain, 2007 to 2019

Altres ajuts: Departament de Salut. Generalitat de Catalunya ("Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS) 2019-2021"); Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI).Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are frequent healthcare-associated infections and an important cause of death. Aim: To analyse changes in CRBSI epidemiology observed by the Infection Control Catalan Programme (VINCat). Methods: A cohort study including all hospital-acquired CRBSI episodes diagnosed at 55 hospitals (2007-2019) in Catalonia, Spain, was prospectively conducted. CRBSI incidence rates were adjusted per 1,000patientdays. To assess the CRBSI rate trend per year, negative binomial models were used, with the number of events as the dependent variable, and the year as the main independent variable. From each model, the annual rate of CRBSI diagnosed per 1,000patientdays and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results: During the study, 9,290 CRBSI episodes were diagnosed (mean annual incidence rate:0.20episodes/1,000patientdays). Patients' median age was 64.1years; 36.6% (3,403/9,290) were female. In total, 73.7% (n=6,845) of CRBSI occurred in non-intensive care unit (ICU) wards, 62.7% (n=5,822) were related to central venous catheter (CVC), 24.1% (n=2,236) to peripheral venous catheters (PVC) and 13.3% (n=1,232) to peripherally-inserted central venous catheters (PICVC). Incidence rate fell over the study period (IRR:0.94;95%CI:0.93-0.96), especially in the ICU (IRR:0.88;95%CI:0.87-0.89). As a whole, while episodes of CVC CRBSI fell significantly (IRR:0.88;95%CI:0.87-0.91), peripherally-inserted catheter CRBSI (PVC and PICVC) rose, especially in medical wards (IRR PICVC:1.08;95%CI:1.05-1.11; IRR PVC: 1.03; 95% 1.00-1.05). Conclusions: Over the study, CRBSIs associated with CVC and diagnosed in ICUs decreased while episodes in conventional wards involving peripherally-inserted catheters increased. Hospitals should implement preventive measures in conventional wards

Prognostic value of bioelectrical impedance analysis in head and neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy: a VALOR® study

IntroductionBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) serves as a method to estimate body composition. Parameters such as phase angle (PA), standardized phase angle (SPA), body mass cell (BCM), BCM index (BCMI), and fat-free mass (FFM) might significantly impact the prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. The present study aimed to investigate whether bioelectrical parameters can be used to predict survival in the HNC population and establish the optimal cutoff points for predictive accuracy.MethodsA multicenter observational study was performed across 12 tertiary hospitals in Andalusia (a region from the south of Spain). A total of 494 patients diagnosed with HNC between 2020 and 2022 at different stages were included in this study, with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. The BIA assessment was carried out during the first 2 weeks of radical radiotherapy treatment with chemotherapy or other systemic treatments. A multivariate logistic regression analysis of overall survival, complications, hospital admission, and palliative care and its relationship with BIA nutritional assessment was performed.ResultsSignificant prognostic factors identified in the multivariable analysis encompassed phase angle (PA), standardized phase angle (SPA), body cell mass (BCM), and BCM index (BCMI). Lower PA and BCM values were significantly associated with adverse clinical outcomes. A BCM threshold above 17 kg/m2 was the most significant predictor for predicting survival within the overall HNC population. The PA values of &lt;5.1° in male and &lt;4.8° in female patients showed the best predictive potential for mortality. Increased PA (as a continuous variable) demonstrated a significantly reduced risk for mortality (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43–0.94; p &lt; 0.05) and a decreased likelihood of hospital admission (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.52–1.07; p &lt; 0.05). Higher BCM correlated with a lower risk of mortality (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80–0.96; p &lt; 0.01) and a diminished probability of hospital admission (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.83–0.99; p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionBIA is a crucial tool in the nutritional assessment of HNC patients. BCM and PA are the main bioelectrical parameters used to predict clinical outcomes in this population. Future studies are needed to validate BIA variables in a large cohort to ensure whether early intensification of nutritional treatment would improve survival

Adaptación de la asignatura “Clínica Jurídica de Acción Social” a un modelo de Aprendizaje-servicio con docencia semipresencial u online

Memoria ID-102. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021

Clínica jurídica de acción social

Memoria ID-025. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2018-2019

Clínica jurídica de acción social

Memoria ID-0064. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Soy Niña

Este libro pretende contribuir al reencuentro de la educación con esas finalidades que verdaderamente importan a una niña o un niño: ser feliz, jugar, vivir juntos y (no) aprender. Para ello hemos puesto el arte, nuestras experiencias y el saber acumulado al servicio del disfrute, el cuestionamiento, el análisis crítico y la construcción común de un presente deseable. Un texto colaborativo coordinado por Ignacio Calderón Almendros y realizado por alumnado de Educación y Cambio Social en el Grado en Educación Infantil de la Universidad de Málaga