14 research outputs found

    Nasal versus oronasal masks for home non-invasive ventilation in patients with chronic hypercapnia:a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis

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    BACKGROUND: The optimal interface for the delivery of home non-invasive ventilation (NIV) to treat chronic respiratory failure has not yet been determined. The aim of this individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis was to compare the effect of nasal and oronasal masks on treatment efficacy and adherence in patients with COPD and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS). METHODS: We searched Medline and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for prospective randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of at least 1 month's duration, published between January 1994 and April 2019, that assessed NIV efficacy in patients with OHS and COPD. The main outcomes were diurnal PaCO2, PaO2 and NIV adherence (PROSPERO CRD42019132398). FINDINGS: Of 1576 articles identified, 34 RCTs met the inclusion criteria and IPD were obtained for 18. Ten RCTs were excluded because only one type of mask was used, or mask data were missing. Data from 8 RCTs, including 290 IPD, underwent meta-analysis. Oronasal masks were used in 86% of cases. There were no differences between oronasal and nasal masks for PaCO2 (0.61 mm Hg (95% CI -2.15 to 3.38); p=0.68), PaO2 (-0.00 mm Hg (95% CI -4.59 to 4.58); p=1) or NIV adherence (0·29 hour/day (95% CI -0.74 to 1.32); p=0.58). There was no interaction between the underlying pathology and the effect of mask type on any outcome. INTERPRETATION: Oronasal masks are the most used interface for the delivery of home NIV in patients with OHS and COPD; however, there is no difference in the efficacy or tolerance of oronasal or nasal masks

    Optimisation de la ventilation non-invasive nocturne des patients adultes atteints de pathologies neuromusculaires lentement Ă©volutives

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    Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is the gold standard treatment for chronic alveolar hyopoventilation in patients with neuromuscular diseases. During the past decades, alongside the advances in ventilators, the development of telemedicine and ambulatory management, focus has shifted from the effectiveness of NIV as a single modality to that of the currently available multiple NIV techniques. The aim of this thesis is to describe the different techniques and to identify targets for NIV optimization in this population. The patient-machine interface and ventilation parameters are key targets and are assessed in detail.Identifying the superiority of a specific interface was not possible, but our results underline the importance of rigorous monitoring when masks are changed. Although our results also show that a significant proportion of patients are not optimally ventilated, we could not identify a template for ventilator settings in this population.Managing ventilation thus remains for the moment an activity requiring specialist input and individual adjustment. Improving patients' phĂ©notype is necessary to develop recommendations. In the short term, the development and implementation of telemedicine is likely to play a major role in improving access to specialist input and NIV follow-up, allowing early individualized management in the ambulatory setting.La ventilation non invasive (VNI) nocturne reprĂ©sente le traitement de rĂ©fĂ©rence de l'hypoventilation alvĂ©olaire chronique des patients neuromusculaires. Au cours des derniĂšres dĂ©cennies en parallĂšle des progrĂšs des dispositifs et du dĂ©veloppement de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine et de l'ambulatoire, on ne s'intĂ©resse plus Ă  l'efficacitĂ© de la VNI en tant que « technique » mais aux « techniques de VNI » dans cette population. L'objectif de cette thĂšse est d'Ă©tablir un Ă©tat des lieux de ces techniques et d'identifier les cibles d'optimisation de la VNI chez ces patients. Le prisme de l'interface et des paramĂštres de ventilation reprĂ©sentent des cibles de choix et ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©es plus spĂ©cifiquement dans le cadre de cette thĂšse.Nous n'avons pas Ă©tĂ© en mesure d'Ă©tablir la supĂ©rioritĂ© d'un type d'interface dans cette indication mais nos rĂ©sultats soulignent la nĂ©cessitĂ© d'une surveillance rigoureuse en cas de changement de masque. D'autre part, bien que nos rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent une proportion significative de patients insuffisamment ventilĂ©s, nous n'avons pas pu identifier de “paradigme” pour les rĂ©glages de la VNI dans cette population.La prise en charge ventilatoire reste donc, Ă  ce stade, affaire de spĂ©cialistes nĂ©cessitant un haut niveau d'expertise et des ajustements personnalisĂ©s. Un meilleur phĂ©notypage des patients est nĂ©cessaire afin de dĂ©velopper des recommandations. Dans un futur proche, le dĂ©veloppement et l'implĂ©mentation de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine devront jouer un rĂŽle majeur dans l'accessibilitĂ© aux Ă©quipes spĂ©cialisĂ©es et au suivi de la VNI pour une prise en charge prĂ©coce et personnalisĂ©e des patients tout en favorisant l'ambulatoire

    Optimisation de la ventilation non-invasive nocturne des patients adultes atteints de pathologies neuromusculaires lentement Ă©volutives

    No full text
    Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is the gold standard treatment for chronic alveolar hyopoventilation in patients with neuromuscular diseases. During the past decades, alongside the advances in ventilators, the development of telemedicine and ambulatory management, focus has shifted from the effectiveness of NIV as a single modality to that of the currently available multiple NIV techniques. The aim of this thesis is to describe the different techniques and to identify targets for NIV optimization in this population. The patient-machine interface and ventilation parameters are key targets and are assessed in detail.Identifying the superiority of a specific interface was not possible, but our results underline the importance of rigorous monitoring when masks are changed. Although our results also show that a significant proportion of patients are not optimally ventilated, we could not identify a template for ventilator settings in this population.Managing ventilation thus remains for the moment an activity requiring specialist input and individual adjustment. Improving patients' phĂ©notype is necessary to develop recommendations. In the short term, the development and implementation of telemedicine is likely to play a major role in improving access to specialist input and NIV follow-up, allowing early individualized management in the ambulatory setting.La ventilation non invasive (VNI) nocturne reprĂ©sente le traitement de rĂ©fĂ©rence de l'hypoventilation alvĂ©olaire chronique des patients neuromusculaires. Au cours des derniĂšres dĂ©cennies en parallĂšle des progrĂšs des dispositifs et du dĂ©veloppement de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine et de l'ambulatoire, on ne s'intĂ©resse plus Ă  l'efficacitĂ© de la VNI en tant que « technique » mais aux « techniques de VNI » dans cette population. L'objectif de cette thĂšse est d'Ă©tablir un Ă©tat des lieux de ces techniques et d'identifier les cibles d'optimisation de la VNI chez ces patients. Le prisme de l'interface et des paramĂštres de ventilation reprĂ©sentent des cibles de choix et ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©es plus spĂ©cifiquement dans le cadre de cette thĂšse.Nous n'avons pas Ă©tĂ© en mesure d'Ă©tablir la supĂ©rioritĂ© d'un type d'interface dans cette indication mais nos rĂ©sultats soulignent la nĂ©cessitĂ© d'une surveillance rigoureuse en cas de changement de masque. D'autre part, bien que nos rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent une proportion significative de patients insuffisamment ventilĂ©s, nous n'avons pas pu identifier de “paradigme” pour les rĂ©glages de la VNI dans cette population.La prise en charge ventilatoire reste donc, Ă  ce stade, affaire de spĂ©cialistes nĂ©cessitant un haut niveau d'expertise et des ajustements personnalisĂ©s. Un meilleur phĂ©notypage des patients est nĂ©cessaire afin de dĂ©velopper des recommandations. Dans un futur proche, le dĂ©veloppement et l'implĂ©mentation de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine devront jouer un rĂŽle majeur dans l'accessibilitĂ© aux Ă©quipes spĂ©cialisĂ©es et au suivi de la VNI pour une prise en charge prĂ©coce et personnalisĂ©e des patients tout en favorisant l'ambulatoire

    Optimisation de la ventilation non-invasive nocturne des patients adultes atteints de pathologies neuromusculaires lentement Ă©volutives

    No full text
    Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is the gold standard treatment for chronic alveolar hyopoventilation in patients with neuromuscular diseases. During the past decades, alongside the advances in ventilators, the development of telemedicine and ambulatory management, focus has shifted from the effectiveness of NIV as a single modality to that of the currently available multiple NIV techniques. The aim of this thesis is to describe the different techniques and to identify targets for NIV optimization in this population. The patient-machine interface and ventilation parameters are key targets and are assessed in detail.Identifying the superiority of a specific interface was not possible, but our results underline the importance of rigorous monitoring when masks are changed. Although our results also show that a significant proportion of patients are not optimally ventilated, we could not identify a template for ventilator settings in this population.Managing ventilation thus remains for the moment an activity requiring specialist input and individual adjustment. Improving patients' phĂ©notype is necessary to develop recommendations. In the short term, the development and implementation of telemedicine is likely to play a major role in improving access to specialist input and NIV follow-up, allowing early individualized management in the ambulatory setting.La ventilation non invasive (VNI) nocturne reprĂ©sente le traitement de rĂ©fĂ©rence de l'hypoventilation alvĂ©olaire chronique des patients neuromusculaires. Au cours des derniĂšres dĂ©cennies en parallĂšle des progrĂšs des dispositifs et du dĂ©veloppement de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine et de l'ambulatoire, on ne s'intĂ©resse plus Ă  l'efficacitĂ© de la VNI en tant que « technique » mais aux « techniques de VNI » dans cette population. L'objectif de cette thĂšse est d'Ă©tablir un Ă©tat des lieux de ces techniques et d'identifier les cibles d'optimisation de la VNI chez ces patients. Le prisme de l'interface et des paramĂštres de ventilation reprĂ©sentent des cibles de choix et ont Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ©es plus spĂ©cifiquement dans le cadre de cette thĂšse.Nous n'avons pas Ă©tĂ© en mesure d'Ă©tablir la supĂ©rioritĂ© d'un type d'interface dans cette indication mais nos rĂ©sultats soulignent la nĂ©cessitĂ© d'une surveillance rigoureuse en cas de changement de masque. D'autre part, bien que nos rĂ©sultats suggĂšrent une proportion significative de patients insuffisamment ventilĂ©s, nous n'avons pas pu identifier de “paradigme” pour les rĂ©glages de la VNI dans cette population.La prise en charge ventilatoire reste donc, Ă  ce stade, affaire de spĂ©cialistes nĂ©cessitant un haut niveau d'expertise et des ajustements personnalisĂ©s. Un meilleur phĂ©notypage des patients est nĂ©cessaire afin de dĂ©velopper des recommandations. Dans un futur proche, le dĂ©veloppement et l'implĂ©mentation de la tĂ©lĂ©mĂ©decine devront jouer un rĂŽle majeur dans l'accessibilitĂ© aux Ă©quipes spĂ©cialisĂ©es et au suivi de la VNI pour une prise en charge prĂ©coce et personnalisĂ©e des patients tout en favorisant l'ambulatoire

    Sleep disorders in aging polio survivors: A systematic review

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    International audienceBackground: Sleep disturbances, especially sleep disordered breathing and sleep movement disorders, seem to be highly prevalent among aging polio survivors. They could contribute to late functional deterioration, fatigue, poor quality of life and negative health outcomes, thereby increasing cardiovascular risk.Objectives: This review focused on current knowledge of the prevalence of sleep disorders in polio survivors, their features, predictive factors and management.Data sources: Articles were searched in PubMed and the Cochrane Library up to March 2018.Study eligibility criteria, participants and interventions: Articles needed to 1) be written in English; 2) include only participants with previous poliomyelitis or post-polio syndrome diagnosis; and 3) involve any form of sleep disorders. Articles about isolated fatigue or non-specific sleep complaints as well as non-polio specific articles (neuromuscular disorders) were not included in the qualitative analysis.Results: Among 166 studies identified, 41 were included in this review. The prevalence of sleep apnea syndrome, nocturnal alveolar hypoventilation and restless legs syndrome seemed higher than in the general population (from 7.3% to 65%, 15% to 20% and 28% to 63%, respectively). This review highlights the lack of randomised studies assessing sleep disorder management in this specific population.Limitations: Because of the small number of eligible publications, none was excluded for methodological limitations, and only a qualitative analysis was provided.Conclusions and implications: Follow-up of polio survivors should include systematic screening for sleep disorders because they are associated with adverse consequences. Sleep disorder evaluation and management should improve the long-term survival and quality of life of polio survivors. Methodologically robust clinical trials are needed, but the decreasing prevalence and large clinical spectrum of the disease may complicate the creation of comparable groups

    Adherence to CPAP with a nasal mask combined with mandibular advancement device versus an oronasal mask: a randomized crossover trial

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    International audiencePurpose: Evidence for the management of CPAP-treated obstructive sleep apnea suggests that oronasal masks reduce mouth leaks at the expense of higher pressures and poorer adherence. Some authors have proposed the use of mandibular advancement devices in combination with nasal masks to address this. The aim of this study was to assess adherence to CPAP after 1 month's use of a nasal mask with a mandibular advancement device and to compare adherence with an oronasal mask.Methods: A randomized crossover trial design to assess whether a mandibular advancement device combined with a nasal mask would improve CPAP adherence compared to an oronasal mask.Results: There was no improvement in CPAP adherence and self-reported interface-related pain was significantly higher with the combined treatment.Conclusions: Although the combined treatment reduced pressures, likely by improving upper airway patency, it may only be appropriate for a small number of patients due to associated discomfort.Trial registration: NCT01889472
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