Tracing the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Periods of 2002-2010 Using TIMED/SABER Measurements

It has been found that for more than one polar summer season between 2002-2010, the northern polar mesospheric region near and above the mesospheric maximum was warmer than normal. The strongest warming effect of this type was observed to occur during northern summer 2002. Theoretical studies have implied that these "anomalies" were preceded by unusual dynamical processes occurring in the southern hemisphere. We have analyzed temperature distributions measured by the SABER limb scanning infrared radiometer aboard the NASA TIMED satellite between 2002-2010 at altitudes from 15 to 110 km and for latitudes between 83 deg. S to 83 deg. N. We describe the approach to trace the inter-hemispheric temperature correlatoins and to identify the global features that were unique for the "anomalous" northern polar summers

Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Recent North Polar Summer Periods as Predicted by MaCWAVE/MIDAS Rocket Data and Traced by TIMED/SABER Measurements

In July, 2002, the MaCWAVE-MIDAS Rocket Program was launched from And0ya Rocket Range (ARR) in Norway. Data from these flights demonstrated that the polar summer mesosphere during this period was unusual, at least above ARR. Theoretical studies have since been published that imply that the abnormal characteristics of this polar summer were generated by dynamical processes occurring in the southern polar winter hemisphere. We have used data from the SABER instrument aboard the NASA TIMED Satellite to study these characteristics and compare them with the features observed in the ensuing eight years. For background, the TIMED Satellite was launched on December 7, 2001 to study the dynamics and energy of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. The SABER instrument is a limb scanning infrared radiometer designed to measure temperature of the region as well as a large number of minor constituents. In this study, we review the MaCWAVE rocket results. Next, we investigate the temperature characteristics of the polar mesosphere as a function of spatial and temporal considerations. We have used the most recent SABER dataset (1.07). Weekly averages are used to make comparisons between the winter and summer hemispheres. Furthermore, the data analysis agrees with recent theoretical studies showing that this behavior is a result of anomalous dynamical events in the southern hemisphere. The findings discussed here clearly show the value of scientific rocket flights used in a discovery mode

The structure and content of the achievements portfolio of university students

Introduction of the portfolio into the educational process requires precise regulation, systematization of its structure and content to attract students for filling it. The more students fill in the portfolio, the better becomes the quality of learning process. There were applied analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction for the purpose of studying the subject. The article denotes several definitions of the concept of portfolio. As a result, its essence was determined. The requirements for students have been established to fill it. Based on the “Regulations on the Portfolio of Achievements of Students of Kozma Minin Nizhniy Novgorod State Pedagogical University”, the functions of the portfolio were identified, and their content disclosed. The sections are given that are filled by students as well: educational activities, professional, research, public, cultural and creative, sports. According to our study it is worth to conclude that to improve the quality of education, the portfolio should be based on the principles of continuity, diagnostics, problem orientation, technological traceability criteria, scientific. It should have a clear structure and logical sequence of sections. As we have shown, the portfolio performs many pedagogical functions and has a positive effect on the personality of each student. The result of systematic participation in the compilation of a student's portfolio is developed abilities for self-organization, discipline, responsibility, the identification of strengths and weaknesses, and the elimination of learning gaps.peer-reviewe

Atomic Oxygen Retrieved From the SABER 2.0- and 1.6-μm Radiances Using New First-Principles Nighttime OH( v ) Model

The recently discovered fast, multiquantum OH(v)+O(³P) vibrational‐to‐electronic relaxation mechanism provided new insight into the OH(v) Meinel band nighttime emission formation. Using a new detailed OH(v) model and novel retrieval algorithm, we obtained O(³P) densities in the nighttime mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) from the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) 2.0‐ and 1.6‐μm radiances. We demonstrate how critical the new OH(v) relaxation mechanism is in the estimation of the abundance of O(³P) in the nighttime MLT. Furthermore, the inclusion of this mechanism enables us to reconcile historically large discrepancies with O(³P) results in the MLT obtained with different physical models and retrieval techniques from WIND Imaging Interferometer, Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System, and Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography observations of other airglow emissions. Whereas previous SABER O(³P) densities were up to 60% higher compared to other measurements the new retrievals agree with them within the range (±25%) of retrieval uncertainties. We also elaborate on the implications of this outcome for the aeronomy and energy budget of the MLT region

Influence of gravity waves on the Martian atmosphere: General circulation modeling

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95698/1/jgre2954.pd

Studying the Inter-Hemispheric Coupling During Polar Summer Mesosphere Warming in 2002

It has been found that the northern summer polar mesopause region in 2002 was warmer than normal and of shorter duration than for other years analyzed. Theoretical studies have implied that the abnormal characteristics of this polar summer were generated by unusual dynamical processes occurring in the southern polar winter hemisphere. We have used data from the SABER instrument aboard the NASA TIMED Satellite to study these processes for polar summer periods of 2002-2009. For background, SABER is a broadband limb scanning radiometer that measures a large number of minor atmospheric constituents as well as pressure and temperature in the 13-110 km altitude range over most of the globe.We will use SABER temperature data to illustrate the correlated heating seen between the southern and northern hemispheres during June and July 2002. We will then describe the approach to study the wave characteristics of the atmospheric temperature profiles and demonstrate the features that were unique for 2002 compared to the other years

Modeling the CH4 3.3 µm non-LTE emissions in Jupiter and Saturn

International audienceThe homopause divides planetary atmospheres into the high-pressure region where chemical species are well mixed by eddy diffusion and the low-pressure region where molecular diffusion separates species according to their individual masses. In Jupiter and Saturn, the homopause pressure level controls the methane abundance vertical profile, as methane is heavier than the two dominant species, H<SUB>2</SUB> and He. Methane plays a critical role in establishing the thermal structure on these planets. It is the prime near-infrared absorber that warms the Jovian and Kronian upper atmospheres, and its photolysis by solar UV radiation triggers the production of ethane, acetylene, and heavier hydrocarbons that are the prime far-infrared coolants in these upper atmospheres. Hence the homopause level drives the heating rates, and, as ethane is mainly produced by the three-body methyl recombination (2CH<SUB>3</SUB> M -> C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>6</SUB> M) whose reaction rate highly varies with pressure, the homopause level also controls the cooling rates. The determination of the methane homopause level in Jupiter and Saturn through solar occultations has been notoriously difficult as different studies and authors led to different results (see Moses et al. (2004), Fouchet et al. (2009) for reviews). Greathouse et al. (2010) even suggested that the Jovian homopause might vary spatially and/or temporally. Here we present a detailed non-LTE model of CH<SUB>4</SUB> 3.3 µm emissions for Jupiter and Saturn's atmosphere. The model accounts for various mechanisms of non-thermal excitation of CH<SUB>4</SUB> molecules as well as inter- and intra-molecular vibrational-vibrational (VV) and vibrational-translational (VT) energy exchanges. With the help of this model, we studied the sensitivity of CH<SUB>4</SUB> 3.3 µm emissions to the temperature and methane abundance vertical profiles and compared integrated radiances with the corresponding Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations. We will discuss implications of these results to the interpretation of the homopause pressure level as well as opportunities the JWST telescope will provide to map the homopause across both planets

Regularities of Cementite Decomposition in Hypereutectoid Steels

Comprehensive studies have been carried out and the main regularities of cementite decomposition during thermocyclic processing of carbon-based hypereutectoid steels have been established

Modeling the CH4 3.3 µm non-LTE emissions in Jupiter and Saturn

International audienceThe homopause divides planetary atmospheres into the high-pressure region where chemical species are well mixed by eddy diffusion and the low-pressure region where molecular diffusion separates species according to their individual masses. In Jupiter and Saturn, the homopause pressure level controls the methane abundance vertical profile, as methane is heavier than the two dominant species, H<SUB>2</SUB> and He. Methane plays a critical role in establishing the thermal structure on these planets. It is the prime near-infrared absorber that warms the Jovian and Kronian upper atmospheres, and its photolysis by solar UV radiation triggers the production of ethane, acetylene, and heavier hydrocarbons that are the prime far-infrared coolants in these upper atmospheres. Hence the homopause level drives the heating rates, and, as ethane is mainly produced by the three-body methyl recombination (2CH<SUB>3</SUB> M -> C<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>6</SUB> M) whose reaction rate highly varies with pressure, the homopause level also controls the cooling rates. The determination of the methane homopause level in Jupiter and Saturn through solar occultations has been notoriously difficult as different studies and authors led to different results (see Moses et al. (2004), Fouchet et al. (2009) for reviews). Greathouse et al. (2010) even suggested that the Jovian homopause might vary spatially and/or temporally. Here we present a detailed non-LTE model of CH<SUB>4</SUB> 3.3 µm emissions for Jupiter and Saturn's atmosphere. The model accounts for various mechanisms of non-thermal excitation of CH<SUB>4</SUB> molecules as well as inter- and intra-molecular vibrational-vibrational (VV) and vibrational-translational (VT) energy exchanges. With the help of this model, we studied the sensitivity of CH<SUB>4</SUB> 3.3 µm emissions to the temperature and methane abundance vertical profiles and compared integrated radiances with the corresponding Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) observations. We will discuss implications of these results to the interpretation of the homopause pressure level as well as opportunities the JWST telescope will provide to map the homopause across both planets