Fretting corrosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V alloy in artificial saliva containing varying concentrations of fluoride ions

The present communication addresses the fretting corrosion behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in artificial saliva containing 0, 190, 570 and 1140 ppm of fluoride ions. The fretting corrosion behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V alloy was evaluated based on the change in free corrosion potential (FCP) measured as a function of time. The wear morphology and surface profile of the fretted zone, assessed by scanning electron microscopy and non-contact optical profilometer, were used to ascertain the wear mechanism. The cathodic shift in FCP observed with the onset of fretting indicates damage of the passive film. After the fretting motion is ceased, an instantaneous repassivation of Ti–6Al–4V alloy is observed only in artificial saliva. The negative influence of fluoride ions on passive film formation hinders instantaneous repassivation of the damaged areas of the fretted zone. The morphology of the fretted zone reveals the occurrence of adhesive galling in all the cases. The wear volume of the fretted zone of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in artificial saliva free of fluoride ions is 3.26×1012 nm3. In presence of 190ppm of fluoride ions in artificial saliva, the wear volume is increased from 3.26 to 9.87×1012 nm3. However, the wear volume is reduced to 6.95×1012 nm3 and 3.60×1011 nm3 at 570 and 1140ppm of fluoride ions, respectively. The change in contact configuration from alumina–titanium to titanium-coated alumina–titanium reduced the mutual solubility between alumina and titanium, the extent of trapping and grinding of the wear debris and the wear rate of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in artificial saliva containing 1140 ppm of fluoride ions. The study reveals that the fretting corrosion behaviour of Ti–6Al–4V alloy in artificial saliva shows a strong dependence on the fluoride ion concentration

ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF PSORALEN THROUGH ELICITORS TREATMENT IN ADVENTITIOUS ROOT CULTURE OF PSORALEA CORYLIFOLIA L.

Objective: The present study aimed to determine the effect of two elicitors namely Methyl Jasmonate (MeJ) and Salicylic acid (SA) on adventitious root production of Psoralea corylifolia L. as the elicitors and at different concentrations.Methods: Adventitious roots of P. corylifolia L. were treated with different concentration of elicitors such as MeJ (10, 20, 30 and 40 µM/l) and SA (50, 100, 150 and 200 µM/l) to enhance the psoralen contents. After the treatment, psoralen content was analyzed through the analytical HPLC experiments (Methanol: Water (50:50) at 0.8 ml/min-1 flow rate and the injection volume as 20 µl).Results: MeJ and SA treatments at the concentrations of 30 µM/l and 150 µM/l respectively were found to increase the net wet weight of adventitious root production to 8 fold at 8 hours of elicitor treatment periods. Further, the quantity of psoralen was determined from the elicitors (MeJ and SA) treated roots and mother plant through the analytical HPLC experiments in order to estimate the psoralen content and it was found as 3.73 mg/ml, 0.015 mg/ml and 0.56 mg/ml respectively.Conclusion: In the present study we achieved enhanced production of psoralen through abiotic elicitors (MeJ and SA) treatment and concluded that the MeJ at 30 µM/l concentration shows significant enhancement of psoralen production.Â

Formulation and evaluation of herbal face cream with green tea extract

Face cream is a semi-solid preparation for improving skin colour. The purposes of the present research work was to formulate and evaluate herbal face cream with green tea extract, turmeric, aloe vera gel as a skin toner. Herbal creams offer several advantages over synthetic creams. The majority of existing creams which has prepared from drugs of synthetic origin and gives extras fairness to face, but it has several side effects such as itching or several allergic reactions. Herbal creams do not have any of these side effects, without side effects it gives the nourishment to skin. Method carried out to prepare herbal cream was vanishing cream formulation. Firstly, oil phase was prepared, Secondly aqueous phase was prepared. Then aqueous phase was added into the oil phase at 700 c with continuous stirring. Now, once the transfer was completed it was allowed to come at room temperature all the while being stirred. Perfume was added at last just before the finished product was transferred to suitable container. The above prepared herbal cream was evaluated with parameters such as pH, homogeneity by visual and by touch, appearance (colour), rub out (spread ability, wetness), washability, consistency and emolliency. The study suggests that the composition of extract and the base of the cream F1 are more stable and safe

Chiral Solitons in a Current Coupled Schr\"odinger Equation With Self Interaction

Recently non-topological chiral soliton solutions were obtained in a derivatively coupled non-linear Schr\"odinger model in 1+1 dimensions. We extend the analysis to include a more general self-coupling potential (which includes the previous cases) and find chiral soliton solutions. Interestingly even the magnitude of the velocity is found to be fixed. Energy and U(1) charge associated with this non-topological chiral solitons are also obtained.Comment: 8 pages, no figure, to appear in Phys. Rev.

7-(2-Chloro­phen­yl)-2,6,9-trimethyl­dibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridine

In the title compound, C25H19ClN2, the dibenzo[b,h][1,6]naphthyridine system is planar to within 0.16 (2) Å, and the chloro­phenyl ring is inclined to it by 82.53 (7)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating in [100]. There are also a number of weak π–π stacking inter­actions present [centroid–centroid distances = 3.8531 (1) and 3.7631 (1) Å]

Research brief: Value chain and market potential of minor millets to strengthen climate resilience, nutrition security and incomes in India

This value chain analysis was completed by E.D. Israel Oliver King, G. Meldrum, N. Kumar, Lauridsen N., C. Manjula, S. Padulosi, M.N. Sivakumar, R. Baskar, K. Madeshwaran, and as part of the international Programme “Linking agrobiodiversity value chains, climate adaptation and nutrition: Empowering the poor to manage risk” supported by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the European Union (EU) and the CGIAR Research Programmes on Climate Change, Agriculture, and Food Security (CCAFS) and Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH). The publication is also available in Hindi

Fretting corrosion of hafnium in simulated body fluids.

Hafnium has been suggested as an interesting material for biomedical applications due to its good biocompatibility and osteogenesis. However, its behaviour under fretting corrosion conditions, found in applications such as dental and joint implants, has not been studied in depth. A three-electrode electrochemical cell integrated with a ball-on-flat reciprocating tribometer was used to investigate the corrosion of hafnium and commercially pure (CP) titanium in simulated body fluids. An increased susceptibility to pitting corrosion was observed when hafnium was subjected to fretting. Open circuit potential measurements showed a more severe mechanical depassivation due to fretting in the case of CP titanium in comparison to hafnium. In addition, the anodic currents measured during potentiostatic tests were also higher for CP titanium

Impact of blockchain technology adoption in farms of FPO members

BCT adoption remains to be a promising way to achieve food security and safety in many developing countries. This paper explores the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household farm income. Based on a simple random sampling method, a cross sectional survey was conducted in the year 2023 to collect data from 240 sample farmers including 120 BCT adopters and 120 non-adopters in Erode district of Tamil Nadu. The information regarding socio-economic profiles like age, gender, educational status, farming experience, farm size, extension agency contact, training programmes attended, access to technological information were collected from sample farmers through personal interviews. The present research used a treatment effect analysis with propensity score matching approach to assess the impact of blockchain technology adoption on household’s farm income. Results showed a significant increase in farm income as a result of blockchain technology adoption among sample farmers. PSM approach estimated that the blockchain technology adopters earned higher farm income of ₹25829.16 as compared to non-adopters. Hence the findings provide empirical evidence that blockchain technology adoption in agriculture can contribute to improve quality food production and enhance farm income