Carica Papaya’s Anti-Diabetic and Anti-Cancer Properties – A Review

The Carica papaya originates from the Caricaceae family, and various members of this family have been used as treatments for a range of ailments. The perennial plant C. papaya, which is currently found over the whole tropical region, is thought to have originated in the southern region of Mexico. To assess the biological activity of distinct C. papaya sections, several scientific studies have been carried out. Since ancient times, the papaya plant's many components have been employed for medicinal purposes. In this article, the process of extracting Carica papaya leaves as well as the anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties of papaya leaf activity were all things we wanted to assess. The information for this review paper, which focuses mostly on the therapeutic potential of papaya leaf extract was obtained via researching a collection of wider internet databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Elsevier. The papaya plant, which has different parts such as fruit, leaves, seeds, bark, latex, and other substances, is very important in controlling the spread of illness. Alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and flavonoids are just a few of the bioactive constituents in this, we focused on the papaya plant leaf's anti-cancer and anti-diabetic properties. The papaya has a wide range of therapeutic qualities. Papaya is a potent remedy, according to traditional beliefs. Biological activities have been the subject of much research. In the current review, all the pharmacological applications and activities of certain chemical components are discussed

Occupational health and metabolic risk factors: A pilot intervention for transport workers

Objectives: Heavy vehicle transport workers have a high risk of obesity and obesity-related disorders including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Sedentary nature of their work makes a healthy work and lifestyle balance difficult to achieve. Educational interventions that promote behavioral changes have been shown to be effective in various group settings. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of metabolic risk factors among a population of urban bus drivers; to deliver a 3-month educational intervention specifically tailored for the workplace environment of transport workers; and to evaluate the efficacy of the intervention through quantitative measurements and qualitative feedback. Material and Methods: Thirty-three bus drivers from depots in south Queensland were recruited for the study. Baseline metabolic data were collected through anthropometric measurements, blood collection and diet/lifestyle questionnaires. Metabolic risk factors that were analyzed included: waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, blood triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Three interactive seminars were delivered over a 3-month period. At the end of the period, data collection was repeated. Results: At the commencement of the study, 35% of the participants exhibited ≥ 3 of the metabolic risk factors that characterize metabolic syndrome. This is higher than the reported prevalence in the general Australian population (22.1%). A total 21 of the 33 participants remained committed to the intervention and provided pre and post intervention data. Of these, 28% (N = 6) showed a decrease in one or more of the risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome. There was a significant increase in the average HDL-C after the intervention. Qualitative feedback indicated that the workers benefited from the program, especially regarding their awareness of the risks associated with their profession. Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrates that lifestyle education seminars specifically tailored for the workplace can have an impact on the health behaviors of transport workers

An environmental sustainability roadmap for partially substituting agricultural waste for sand in cement blocks

Agricultural waste can be used in cement block production for a number of reasons, including its environmental, economic, and labor benefits. This study examines the mechanical, durability, and cost-effectiveness characteristics of cement blocks. A cement block made from agriculture waste promotes sustainable construction practices, since waste agriculture is often dumped in landfills and regarded as a waste material. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions produced by the construction sector, either from the firing of clay bricks or from the production of cement, contribute significantly to global warming. In many developing countries, air pollution from agricultural activities is primarily accounted for the emissions from agricultural machinery and openly burning agro-waste. Farming is one of the leading causes of water and soil pollution. Hence, adopting agricultural waste into cement production would significantly reduce the environmental impact of concrete structures. The goal of this research is to determine whether agricultural waste products, such as vermiculite, pistachio shells, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut husks, can be used to substitute sand in concrete blocks. The water absorption capacity of waste materials, density, flexural strength, fire resistance, and compressive strength of waste materials as admixtures in concrete were evaluated using experimental tests. In most cases, the concrete blocks made from agricultural waste were strong enough to satisfy ASTM standards. The specimens containing coconut husks and pistachio shells, among others, were found to be fairly strong and durable, even when isolating them from water

Evaluating the potential of geopolymer concrete as a sustainable alternative for thin white-topping pavement

Introduction: The construction industry uses a large quantity of natural materials in the production of concrete. Although attempts to incorporate green materials in concrete began years ago, not every building uses such materials today, and roadways, particularly, still rely on unsustainable materials. Methods: Therefore, this study used alternative materials, including fly ash, manufactured sand aggregates, and different molarities of alkaline activators, to incorporate waste byproducts in a geopolymer concrete white-topping pavement layer. Recent developments have led to the emergence of geopolymers as distinct classes of materials. In the 1990s, fly ash-based geopolymers became more popular than other kinds, as they are more efficient compared to Portland cement concrete. Results: Aluminosilicate gel can be obtained by combining fly ash and alkaline solution. A comprehensive literature review of geopolymer concrete was performed in this study. It examines its critical design parameters, including alkaline solutions, curing temperatures, curing methods, workability, and compressive strength under various environmental conditions. This review provides a unique opportunity for researchers to understand how geopolymer concrete performs. Discussion: A range of conditions were investigated to determine how to enhance and use this material in a variety of ways. The fresh characteristics of different mixes were studied using slump and Vee-Bee tests, and the characteristics of the cured concrete mixes were determined using flexural, compressive, and flexural fatigue tests. The results indicated that the use of manufactured sand and fly ash with high-molarity alkaline activators results in a geopolymer concrete with an excellent maximum resistance of 5.1 N/mm2 workability, strength, and fatigue properties, making it suitable for use in roadway pavement

An environmental sustainability roadmap for partially substituting agricultural waste for sand in cement blocks

Agricultural waste can be used in cement block production for a number of reasons, including its environmental, economic, and labor benefits. This study examines the mechanical, durability, and cost-effectiveness characteristics of cement blocks. A cement block made from agriculture waste promotes sustainable construction practices, since waste agriculture is often dumped in landfills and regarded as a waste material. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions produced by the construction sector, either from the firing of clay bricks or from the production of cement, contribute significantly to global warming. In many developing countries, air pollution from agricultural activities is primarily accounted for the emissions from agricultural machinery and openly burning agro-waste. Farming is one of the leading causes of water and soil pollution. Hence, adopting agricultural waste into cement production would significantly reduce the environmental impact of concrete structures. The goal of this research is to determine whether agricultural waste products, such as vermiculite, pistachio shells, sugarcane bagasse, and coconut husks, can be used to substitute sand in concrete blocks. The water absorption capacity of waste materials, density, flexural strength, fire resistance, and compressive strength of waste materials as admixtures in concrete were evaluated using experimental tests. In most cases, the concrete blocks made from agricultural waste were strong enough to satisfy ASTM standards. The specimens containing coconut husks and pistachio shells, among others, were found to be fairly strong and durable, even when isolating them from water

Cryo-EM model validation recommendations based on outcomes of the 2019 EMDataResource challenge

This paper describes outcomes of the 2019 Cryo-EM Model Challenge. The goals were to (1) assess the quality of models that can be produced from cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) maps using current modeling software, (2) evaluate reproducibility of modeling results from different software developers and users and (3) compare performance of current metrics used for model evaluation, particularly Fit-to-Map metrics, with focus on near-atomic resolution. Our findings demonstrate the relatively high accuracy and reproducibility of cryo-EM models derived by 13 participating teams from four benchmark maps, including three forming a resolution series (1.8 to 3.1 Å). The results permit specific recommendations to be made about validating near-atomic cryo-EM structures both in the context of individual experiments and structure data archives such as the Protein Data Bank. We recommend the adoption of multiple scoring parameters to provide full and objective annotation and assessment of the model, reflective of the observed cryo-EM map density

An analytics framework for the IoT platform MBP

The emergence of IoT has introduced a huge amount of applications that generate massive amounts of data at a high rate. This data stream needs intelligent data processing and analysis. The evolution of Smart cities and Smart industries has resulted into an ocean of data from millions of sensors and devices. Surveillance systems, telecommunication systems, smart devices, and smart cars are some examples of such systems. However, this data itself doesn’t provide any information unless it is analysed. This results into a need of analytics tools and frameworks which can efficiently analyse this data and provide with useful information. Analytics is all about inspection, transformation and modelling of data to achieve information that further suggests and assists in decision making. In a world of IoT, analytics has a crucial role to play to improve life and better manage the infrastructure in a secure, sustainable and cost effective manner. The smart sensor network serves as the base for IoT. In this context, one of the major tasks is to develop advanced analytics frameworks for the interpretation of data provided by the sensors. MBP is a platform for managing IoT environments. Sensors and devices can be registered to this platform and the status of sensors can be viewed and modified from the platform. This platform will be used to collect data from the sensors and devices connected to the platform. There are two types of mining that can be performed on raw data, one technique analyses the data on the fly as it is received (Data Stream Mining) and the other can be performed on demand on the data collected for a longer period of time (Batch Processing). Both types of analysis has its own advantages. Lambda architecture is a data analytics architecture which allows us to perform both stream analysis and batch processing on the same data. This architecture defines some practical and well versed principles of handling big data. The pattern allows us to deal with both real time and historical data, but the analysis is performed separately and does not affect each other. In this thesis, we will create an analytics framework for the MBP IoT platform based on the lambda architecture

Trace-Driven WiFi Emulation: Accurate Record-and-Replay for WiFi

Researchers and application designers need repeatable methods to evaluateapplications/systems over WiFi. It is hard to reproduce evaluations overWiFi because of rapidly changing wireless quality over time. In this degreeproject, we present NemFi, a trace-driven emulator for accurately recordingthe WiFi trac and later using it to emulate WiFi links in a repeatable fashion.First, we present the advantages of trace-driven emulation over simulationand experimentation. We capture the uctuating WiFi link conditionsin terms of capacity and losses over time and replay captured behavior forany application running in the emulator. Current record-and-replay techniquesfor web trac and cellular networks do not work for WiFi becauseof their inability to distinguish between WiFi losses and losses due to selfinducedcongestion. They are also lacking other WiFi specic features. Inthe absence of a trace-driven emulator for WiFi, NemFi is also equipped toavoid self-induced packet losses. It is thus capable of isolating WiFi relatedlosses which are then replayed by the NemFi's replay. NemFi's record alsoaddresses the frame aggregation and the eect it has on the actual datatransmission capability over the wireless link. NemFi can record frame aggregation,at all instants of the record phase and later accurately replays theaggregation.Experimental results demonstrate that NemFi is not only accurate inrecording the variable-rate WiFi link but also in capturing cross-trac. NemFialso replays the recorded conditions with considerable accuracy.Forskare och applikationsdesigners behöver repeterbara metoder för att utvärderaapplikationer och system via WiFi. Det är svårt att reproducera utvärderingar genom WiFi eftersom den trådlösa kvalit´en snabbt förändras över tid. I denna rapport presenterar vi NemFi, en spårstyrd emulator för att noggrant registrera WiFi-trafiken och senare använda den för att emulera WiFi-länkar påett repeterbart sätt. Först presenterar vi fördelarna med spårstyrd emulering jämfört med simulering och experiment. Vi fångar de varierande WiFi förhållanden med avseende påkapacitet och förluster över tid och spelar upp fångat beteende för alla applikationer som körs i emulatorn. Nuvarande inspelning och uppspelningstekniker för webbtrafik och mobilnät fungerar inte för WiFi pågrund av deras oförmåga att skilja mellan WiFi-förluster ochförluster pågrund av självinducerad överbelastning. De saknar ocksåandraWiFi-specifika funktioner. I avsaknad av en spårdriven emulator för WiFi är NemFi ocksåutrustade för att undvika självinducerade paketförluster. Den kan alltsåisolera WiFi-relaterade förluster som sedan spelas upp igen av NemFi: s uppspelning. NemFi adresserar ocksåramaggregering och det är effekten påfaktiska dataöverföringsförmåga via den trådlösa länken. NemFi kan spela in ramsamling, vid alla ögonblick i inspelningsfasen och ersätter senare noggrant aggregeringen.Experimentella resultat visar att NemFi inte bara är användbart när det gäller att registrera WiFi-länken med variabel hastighet, utan ocksåför att fånga tvärgående trafik. NemFi ersätter ocksåde inspelade förhållandena medbetydande noggrannhet

Trace-Driven WiFi Emulation: Accurate Record-and-Replay for WiFi

Researchers and application designers need repeatable methods to evaluateapplications/systems over WiFi. It is hard to reproduce evaluations overWiFi because of rapidly changing wireless quality over time. In this degreeproject, we present NemFi, a trace-driven emulator for accurately recordingthe WiFi trac and later using it to emulate WiFi links in a repeatable fashion.First, we present the advantages of trace-driven emulation over simulationand experimentation. We capture the uctuating WiFi link conditionsin terms of capacity and losses over time and replay captured behavior forany application running in the emulator. Current record-and-replay techniquesfor web trac and cellular networks do not work for WiFi becauseof their inability to distinguish between WiFi losses and losses due to selfinducedcongestion. They are also lacking other WiFi specic features. Inthe absence of a trace-driven emulator for WiFi, NemFi is also equipped toavoid self-induced packet losses. It is thus capable of isolating WiFi relatedlosses which are then replayed by the NemFi's replay. NemFi's record alsoaddresses the frame aggregation and the eect it has on the actual datatransmission capability over the wireless link. NemFi can record frame aggregation,at all instants of the record phase and later accurately replays theaggregation.Experimental results demonstrate that NemFi is not only accurate inrecording the variable-rate WiFi link but also in capturing cross-trac. NemFialso replays the recorded conditions with considerable accuracy.Forskare och applikationsdesigners behöver repeterbara metoder för att utvärderaapplikationer och system via WiFi. Det är svårt att reproducera utvärderingar genom WiFi eftersom den trådlösa kvalit´en snabbt förändras över tid. I denna rapport presenterar vi NemFi, en spårstyrd emulator för att noggrant registrera WiFi-trafiken och senare använda den för att emulera WiFi-länkar påett repeterbart sätt. Först presenterar vi fördelarna med spårstyrd emulering jämfört med simulering och experiment. Vi fångar de varierande WiFi förhållanden med avseende påkapacitet och förluster över tid och spelar upp fångat beteende för alla applikationer som körs i emulatorn. Nuvarande inspelning och uppspelningstekniker för webbtrafik och mobilnät fungerar inte för WiFi pågrund av deras oförmåga att skilja mellan WiFi-förluster ochförluster pågrund av självinducerad överbelastning. De saknar ocksåandraWiFi-specifika funktioner. I avsaknad av en spårdriven emulator för WiFi är NemFi ocksåutrustade för att undvika självinducerade paketförluster. Den kan alltsåisolera WiFi-relaterade förluster som sedan spelas upp igen av NemFi: s uppspelning. NemFi adresserar ocksåramaggregering och det är effekten påfaktiska dataöverföringsförmåga via den trådlösa länken. NemFi kan spela in ramsamling, vid alla ögonblick i inspelningsfasen och ersätter senare noggrant aggregeringen.Experimentella resultat visar att NemFi inte bara är användbart när det gäller att registrera WiFi-länken med variabel hastighet, utan ocksåför att fånga tvärgående trafik. NemFi ersätter ocksåde inspelade förhållandena medbetydande noggrannhet