Influence of Recreational Games on Selected Fitness Components, Cognitive Skills and Psychomotor Abilities among Mild Intellectually Challenged Children

Most children have the option to participate in recreation, after school activities, weekend team sports, and summer camps. At school, they have a chance to exercise in physical education classes and in the playground at recess. However, these are limited for children with disabilities. Children with disabilities want to have friends, enjoy activities, and be included like everyone else. Like other children their interests range from swimming and sports, to visiting parks and playgrounds and attending summer camps with friends. The purpose of this study was to find out Influence of Recreational games on selected fitness components, cognitive skills and psychomotor abilities among mild intellectually challenged children from age group of 10 to 15 years both boys and girls and forty five students who were study in Coimbatore District. The subjects were divided in to three groups, each group consisting of 15 each. Experimental group I participated in unified play activities with partner who is normal for a period of 12 weeks training. Experimental group II participated in unified play activities among themselves for a period of 12 weeks training. Control group did not participate in unified play activities. The subjects were tested on selected criterion variables physical fitness variables as flexibility, leg explosive power and balance, Cognitive skills span of memory and span of attention and psychomotor ability reaction time, finger – eye coordination and hand – eye coordination before the training and after 12 weeks of training. The analysis of covariance was applied to find out the significant difference among the 10 -14 years of all groups in the selected variables. The “t” ratio was applied to find out significant improvement in the selected variables in each group

Mathematical Analysis of Single and Two Phase Flow of Blood in Narrow Arteries with Multiple Contrictions

The pulsatile flow of blood in narrow arteries with multiple-stenoses under body acceleration is analyzed mathematically, treating blood as (i) single-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model and (ii) two-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model. The expressions for various flow quantities obtained by Sankar and Ismail (2010) for single-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model and Sankar (2010c) for two-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model are used to compute the data for comparing these fluid models in a new flow geometry. It is noted that the plug core radius, wall shear stress and longitudinal impedance to flow are marginally lower for two-phase H-B fluid model than those of the single-phase H-B fluid model. It is found that the velocity decreases significantly with the increase yield stress of the fluid and the reverse behavior is noticed for longitudinal impedance to flow. It is also noticed that the velocity distribution and flow rate are higher for two-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model than those of the single-phase Herschel-Bulkley fluid model. It is also recorded that the estimates of the mean velocity increase with the increase of the body acceleration and this behavior is reversed when the stenosis depth increases

ESTIMATION OF GATIFLOXACIN IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS BY HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY

A simple, rapid, sensitive and preciseHigh Performance Liquid Chromatographic(HPLC) method has been developed for theestimation of gatifloxacin in its pharmaceuticaldosage forms. In this method RP-C18 column(150mmx4.6mm I.D., 5 m particle size) withmobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and 0.05Mphosphate buffer in the ratio of 25:75 v/v inisocratic mode was used. The detection wavelengthis 293nm and the flow rate is 0.8ml/min.Ciprofloxacin is used as internal standard. Thelinearity was found to be in the range of 0.1 to 10g/ml and shows a correlation coefficient of0.9999. The intra- and inter-day variation wasfound to be less than 1.2% showing high precisionof the assay method. The mean percent recovery ofthe drug from the solution containing 4 g/ml was100.5 2.06 indicating high accuracy of theproposed method. Hence, this method is simple,fast, specific, accurate, precise and less timeconsuming for the estimation of gatifloxacin inpharmaceutical dosage form

Influence of Nickel Coating on Flexural and Dynamic Behaviour of Aluminium

AbstractElectroless deposition is an autocatalytic chemical technique to deposit a layer of metal on a thin work piece in the presence of a reducing agent. In this work the changing structure of nickel deposits on aluminum and its alloys at the early stage of electroless nickel deposition using sodium hypophosphite ion as a reducing agent has been studied. The influences of nickel coating on flexural and dynamic behaviour of aluminium are investigated using experimental and numerical methods. Three-point bending tests are performed on coated & uncoated aluminium. The natural frequency of coated specimen and uncoated specimen has been studied. The nickel coating increases the natural frequency in aluminium. Experimental results are compared with finite element Analysis

Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 3-[(4-Substituted) (2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl) phosphoryl]- 1,3-oxazolidin-2-ones

3-[(4-Substituted) (2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phosphoryl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-ones (4a–j) were synthesized through a two-step process. Bis-(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phosphonic chloride (2) prepared by the reaction of two moles of oxazolidin-2-one (1) with phosphorus oxychloride in dry tetrahydrofuran in the presence of triethylamine and treatment with various heterocyclic aromatic and aliphatic amines under the same experimental conditions afforded the title compounds (4a–j). They were characterized by elemental analysis, IR,NMR(1H, 13Cand 31P) and mass spectroscopy. Their antimicrobial activities were also evaluated.Keywords: 3-[(4-Substituted) (2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phosphoryl]-1,3-oxazolidin-2-ones, oxazolidin-2-one, bis-(2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phosphonic chloride, antimicrobial activity, spectral studie

Enhancing the Performance of Mining High Utility Itemsets Based On Pattern Algorithm

ABSTRACT: Data Mining is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information. An association in data mining indicates a logical dependency between various attributes of an entity. Association rule mining (ARM) is the process of mining past data for association rules. ARM only find the frequency of itemsets, which will not provide large amount of profit. Utility mining focuses on discovering the itemsets with high sales profit. Here, utility mining is a measure of profitability of items to the users. The utility mining of itemsets is an important task in decision-making process of many applications such as website click streaming analysis, cross marketing in retail stores and in biomedical applications. The extraction of the high utility itemsets from a large database involves the creation of new candidate itemsets with high utility. This affects the performance of the mining process in terms of the execution time and the space requirement. In this paper, it is intended to develop an efficient algorithm for mining the high utility itemsets for reducing the candidate itemsets. Here, a data structure named pattern tree would be maintained to store the information about the high utility itemsets, so that the number of database scans can be reduced.

Stranding of the Risso’s dolphin in the Gulf of Mannar

The specimen was relatively robust with unique body, head was blunt without distinct beak. Compared to other dolphins the forehead was bulging with relatively more squarish profile than the rounded melon. A prominent vertical crease on the front side of the melon was noticed. The dorsal fin was relatively tall and slender with a pointed tip. The flippers were relatively long. The upper jaw had only one pair of worn teeth and the lower jaw had six pairs of worn-down teeth. With the available morphometric information including the absence of beak, blunt-head and its overall size, with its bulk ahead of the dorsal fin, it was identified as Grampus griseus

Did mangroves offer an effective barrier to the Thane cyclone surges?

Mangrove ecosystems support vital wetland communities of plants and animals. They are characterized by unique species of trees and shrubs that fringe the intertidal zone along sheltered coastal, estuarine and riverine areas in tropical and subtropical latitudes. Mangroves have played an important role in the economy of our coastal population for thousands of years, providing a variety of goods and services, including wood production, support for commercial and subsistence fisheries, aquaculture, salt production, and coastal erosion control

Pattern of congenital abnormalities in a tertiary hospital and its impact on neonatal mortality

Background: Congenital abnormalities are major contributors of neonatal mortality and stillbirths. However, there is not sufficient data in our country on the prevalence of various congenital malformations and their impact on neonatal mortality. Objectives: To study the prevalence and pattern of congenital anomalies among neonates delivered in a tertiary hospital setting in 3 years and its impact on perinatal and neonatal mortality. Materials and Methods: This hospital based prospective descriptive study was undertaken at tertiary care hospital in Kerala. All babies born in the hospital from January 2013 to December 2015 (3 years) were included in the study. The baby was examined by a pediatrician during the first 24 h to identify any birth defects. A detailed history including familial and gestational factors was taken in babies with birth defects. Photographs, radiographs, ultrasound examination, echocardiography, and chromosomal studies were undertaken as required. The details were entered in a pro forma. The anomalies are classified as per ICD-10 criteria. Results were analyzed by simple statistical techniques recording number and percentage of cases. Results: The prevalence of birth defects in live born newborn was 1.9% whereas, in stillbirths, it was 15.3%. Congenital anomalies also contributed a major risk factor for neonatal death as 22% of the newborns, died in the immediate neonatal period, had some form of congenital anomaly. The major maternal risk factor found to be associated with congenital anomalies was gestational diabetes (21.3%). The patterns of congenital anomalies were musculoskeletal anomalies (25%), central nervous system (18%), genitourinary system (14%), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (12%), cardiovascular system (10%), gastrointestinal (7%), syndromes (6%), non-immune hydrops (5%), and others (3%). Conclusion: Prevalence of birth defects in this birth cohort was 1.9% comparable to other Indian data. In Kerala, one of the major causes of perinatal and neonatal mortality is congenital malformations