Implementation of Trust Issues in Ecommerce

This paper is based on security of E-commerce web sites. It uses web mining technology for providing security on e-commerce web sites. The connection between web mining security and ecommerce analyzed based on user behavior on web . Different web mining algorithms and security algorithm are used to provide security on e-commerce web sites. Based on customer behavior web mining algorithms like page rank algorithm and trust rank algorithm is used for developing web mining framework in e-commerce web sites. This application will develop false hit database algorithm and nearest neighbor algorithm to provide security on e-commerce web site. It will also develop page rank & trust rank algorithm for providing security on e-commerce site

The group of automorphisms of the first weyl algebra in prime characteristic and the restriction map

Let K be a perfect field of characteristic p > 0; A(1) := K be the first Weyl algebra; and Z := K[X := x(p), Y := partial derivative(p)] be its centre. It is proved that (1) the restriction map res : Aut(K)(A(1)) -> Aut(K)(Z), sigma bar right arrow sigma vertical bar(Z) is a monomorphism with im(res) = Gamma := (tau is an element of Aut(K)(Z) vertical bar J(tau) = 1), where J(tau) is the Jacobian of tau, (Note that Aut(K)(Z) = K* (sic) Gamma, and if K is not perfect then im(res) not equal Gamma.); (ii) the bijection res : Aut(K)(A(1)) -> Gamma is a monomorphism of infinite dimensional algebraic groups which is not an isomorphism (even if K is algebraically closed); (iii) an explicit formula for res(-1) is found via differential operators D(Z) on Z and negative powers of the Fronenius map F. Proofs are based on the following (non-obvious) equality proved in the paper: (d/dx + f)(p) = (d/dx)(p) + d(p-1)f/dx(p-1) + f(p), f is an element of K[x]

IT Risks in Measure and Number

Verhoef, C. [Promotor]Peters, R.J. [Copromotor

Remarks on a normal subgroup of GA_n

We show that the subgroup generated by locally finite polynomial automorphisms of k^n is normal in GA_n. Also, some properties of normal subgroups of GA_n containing all diagonal automorphisms are given.Comment: 5 page

The tame automorphism group in two variables over basic Artinian rings

In a recent paper it has been established that over an Artinian ring R all two-dimensional polynomial automorphisms having Jacobian determinant one are tame if R is a Q-algebra. This is a generalization of the famous Jung-Van der Kulk Theorem, which deals with the case that R is a field (of any characteristic). Here we will show that for tameness over an Artinian ring, the Q-algebra assumption is really needed: we will give, for local Artinian rings with square-zero principal maximal ideal, a complete description of the tame automorphism subgroup. This will lead to an example of a non-tame automorphism, for any characteristic p>0.Comment: 10 page

Review of algorithms estimating export production from satellite derived properties

Whereas the vertical transport of biomass from productive surface waters to the deep ocean (the biological pump) is a critical component of the global carbon cycle, its magnitude and variability is poorly understood. Global-scale estimates of ocean carbon export vary widely, ranging from ∼5 to ∼20 Gt C y – 1 due to uncertainties in methods and unclear definitions. Satellite-derived properties such as phytoplankton biomass, sea surface temperature, and light attenuation at depth provide information about the oceanic ecosystem with unprecedented coverage and resolution in time and space. These products have been the basis of an intense effort over several decades to constrain different biogeochemical production rates and fluxes in the ocean. One critical challenge in this effort has been to estimate the magnitude of the biological pump from satellite-derived properties by establishing how much of the primary production is exported out of the euphotic zone, a flux that is called export production. Here we present a review of existing algorithms for estimating export production from satellite-derived properties, available in-situ datasets that can be used for testing the algorithms, and earlier evaluations of the proposed algorithms. The satellite-derived products used in the algorithm evaluation are all based largely on the Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative (OC-CCI) products, and carbon products derived from them. The different resources are combined in a meta-analysis

Robotic weeding – from concept to trials

This paper reports on the use of robotic selective mechanical cultivation as an alternative method to herbicide control for managing weed species in zero-till cropping systems. Existing best-practice technology in weed spot spraying utilises infrared technology to detect and selectively spray weeds using herbicide at quantities significantly less than those used in normal blanket spray applications. This reduction in the herbicide de- creases operational costs and can be beneficial for the environment; however, the capital investment in the technology is substantial for farmers who wish to own and operate their equipment. While effective in reducing overall herbicide usage, the technology has done little to tackle the rapid evolution of herbicide resistant weed species. As a potential solution to this issue, our research over the past three years has been focused on the development of non-chemical methods of weed management utilising robot-enabled selective mechanical weeding. Used in conjunction with a robotic vehicle platform, a mechanical weeding array is capable of working throughout the day and night. The weeding tools have been designed to be removable and inter- changeable, allowing the use of tools especially designed for different weed species, weed densities, and soil types. The system developed consists of a one-degree-of-freedom array of weeding tines, actuated into the ground in time to remove individual weeds. Sensing of the weeds is enabled by a vision-based plant detection and classification system, while the timing for the implement actuation to hit the weed is determined as a function of the robot speed. The field trials reported in this paper demonstrate the potential of this robotic system for individualised weed treatment and multi-mode weed management methods. In particular, a trial of the mechanical weeding array in a fallow field over six weeks maintained the weed coverage in robot treated sections to be 1.5%, compared to 37% in the control areas not treated by the robot—a reduction in excess of 90% in weed coverage