Õpetaja töö representatsioon 2008. aasta Postimehes ja Õpetajate Lehes

The Representation of Teacher’s Work in Postimees and Õpetajate Leht in 2008 The main subject of this Bachelor’s thesis is the representation of theacher’s work in Estonian newspapers Postimees and Õpetajate Leht. The aim of the thesis is to determine how the work that teachers do from day to day is represented and which characteristics are emphasized. The author tried to find the answers to the following research questions: Which tasks and roles do authors bring forth when writing about theacher’s work? How do authors appraise teacher’s coping with different tasks and roles? Which teacher’s characteristics and abilities do authors bring forth when writing about teacher’s work? The empirical material consists of 32 paper editions of Postimees and 53 of Õpetajate Leht. Only opinions, which were written about teacher’s work, were included. By theacher only a theacher in the classical sense was analyzed. Kindergarten teachers, special educators, psychologists, lecturers and others working in the field of education were left out from the thesis. Postimees was chosen, because lot of Estonians read it every day on the paper and also form the Internet. Õpetajate Leht is a special newspaper for teachers, which is mainly read by teachers themselves. By comparing these two newspapers, author is trying to determine wether authors of Postimees and Õpetajate Leht write similary about teacher’s work or are there any differences. Articles from the year 2008 were chosen to analyse the newest information available. A combined analysis method was used, combining the quantitative analysis and the qualitative. To find different tasks and roles, characteristics and abilities, teacher’s qualification standard was used. In both newspapers authors wrote the most about a teacher whose task is to instruct and motivate pupils. Secondly authors wrote about a teacher who is competence in her/his subject and is teaching it. All the tasks and roles found, authors’ appraisal was determined. In both newspapers positive appraisals exceeded negative ones. Analyzed characteristics and abilities were divided in two: features that teachers have in authors’ opinion and features that teachers should have when considering the context of their work. In Postimees and Õpetajate Leht authors brought forth that teachers working in schools are incompetent. Characteristics and abilities that teachers should have in authors’ opinion were without exeption positive. Authors from both newspaper brougt forth that in the first place a teacher should be competent and magisterial. When comparing the results of Postimees and Õpetajate Leht it appears that the representation of teacher’s work is quite similar. However authors writing in Õpetajate Leht do it in more positive way. The difference is nevertheless small.http://tartu.ester.ee/record=b2450167~S1*es

Akne ravi isotretinoiiniga suvekuudel

Isotretinoiin (Roaccutane®) on ravim, mida kasutatakse raske akne raviks. Ravimi kasutamine suvekuudel on siiani olnud problemaatiline selle võimalike kõrvaltoimete – ülitundlikkus valguse suhtes ja foto allergilised reaktsioonid – tõttu päikesekiirguse mõjul. Seni tehtud uuringud on lõppenud järeldu sega, et suurenenud tundlikkus päikese suhtes ei ole fotoallergiline reaktsioon, vaid mitte klassikaline fototoksiline reaktsioon, mille korral tekib toksiline rakukahjustus ja hilisemat allergiseerumist ei toimu ning mille sagedus on 5–12%. Käesolevas töös uuritud isotretinoiini kõrval toimena kirjeldatud fototoksiliste reaktsioonide esinemis sagedus Eestis suvekuudel oli 4,3%. Eesti Arst 2006; 85 (4): 301–30

MULDADE MÕJU MILITAARSÕIDUKITE MAASTIKULÄBITAVUSELE JA ROOBASTE KUJUNEMISELE EESTI TINGIMUSTES: THE PROPERTIES OF ESTONIAN SOILS AND THEIR EFFECT ON THE SOIL TRAFFICABILITY OF MILITARY VEHICLES AND ON RUT FORMATION

Mobility is a critical capability for the military, and the formation of deep ruts hinders the ability of military vehicles to cross difficult terrains. In the context of military operations, tactical as well logistical vehicles must travel over different types of soils, i.e., arable land, grasslands and peat areas. In this situation, military terrain analysts are tasked with ascertaining the factors that might hinder the trafficability of military vehicles in conjunction with other factors. The primary objective of this paper is to provide a general overview of soil properties, as well as the parameters of wheeled vehicles that influence soil trafficability. Second, this paper presents the results of the rut formation study carried out on different types of soils in Estonia. The aim of the rut formation study was to measure rut depth on different types of soils, and also test the rut prediction ability of pre-compression stress, the SoilFlex compaction model, and different cone penetrometer models. Based on previous research, rut formation is dependent on vehicle wheel load, tyre size and inflation pressure, the number of passes, and the type of movement (e.g., in a straight line vs turning). Additionally, soil texture, moisture, organic matter content, and density are also among the key variables in the estimation of off-road trafficability. The rut formation study was carried out in 2013 and 2014 at seven experiment sites with a 7-tonne military logistics truck, and once also with a 23-tonne armoured personnel carrier (APC). Both test vehicles had equivalent tyre inflation pressures – 650 kPa. The experiment sites covered different types of soil textures (incl. peat soil), as well as different categories of land use (incl. natural grassland and arable areas). The experiments were carried out on days when high moisture content was expected. Test vehicles conducted one and/or ten passes, and rut depth was measured after the first pass and then again after ten passes. In addition, we collected cone penetrometer readings and undisturbed soil samples from right next to the tracks for laboratory analysis with an oedometer. For the purposes of ascertaining bulk densities, soil samples were taken at different depths both from ruts and also from undisturbed areas. After one and ten passes, the highest rut depths were observed on natural grassland soils. Ruts were lower on arable sites which is attributable to the higher mechanical strength of soils in cultivated areas due to pre-compaction resulting from agricultural vehicles. After one pass, the ruts become deeper as a result of passage by a heavier vehicle. After ten passes, the deepest ruts were formed on clay soils.   &nbsp

SUCCOR quality: validation of ESGO quality indicators for surgical treatment of cervical cancer

Objective To evaluate whether compliance with European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) surgery quality indicators impacts disease-free survival in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 15 ESGO quality indicators were assessed in the SUCCOR database (patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage 2009 IB1, FIGO 2018 IB1, and IB2 cervical cancer between January 2013 and December 2014), and the final score ranged between 0 and 16 points. Centers with more than 13 points were classified as high-quality indicator compliance centers. We constructed a weighted cohort using inverse probability weighting to adjust for the variables. We compared disease-free survival and overall survival using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in the weighted cohort. Results A total of 838 patients were included in the study. The mean number of quality indicators compliance in this cohort was 13.6 (SD 1.45). A total of 479 (57.2%) patients were operated on at high compliance centers and 359 (42.8%) patients at low compliance centers. High compliance centers performed more open surgeries (58.4% vs 36.7%, p<0.01). Women who were operated on at centers with high compliance with quality indicators had a significantly lower risk of relapse (HR=0.39; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.61; p<0.001). The association was reduced, but remained significant, after further adjustment for conization, surgical approach, and use of manipulator surgery (HR=0.48; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.75; p=0.001) and adjustment for adjuvant therapy (HR=0.47; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.74; p=0.001). Risk of death from disease was significantly lower in women operated on at centers with high adherence to quality indicators (HR=0.43; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.97; p=0.041). However, the association was not significant after adjustment for conization, surgical approach, use of manipulator surgery, and adjuvant therapy. Conclusions Patients with early cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy in centers with high compliance with ESGO quality indicators had a lower risk of recurrence and death

SUCCOR quality: validation of ESGO quality indicators for surgical treatment of cervical cancer

Objective To evaluate whether compliance with European Society of Gynaecological Oncology (ESGO) surgery quality indicators impacts disease-free survival in patients undergoing radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer. Methods In this retrospective cohort study, 15 ESGO quality indicators were assessed in the SUCCOR database (patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage 2009 IB1, FIGO 2018 IB1, and IB2 cervical cancer between January 2013 and December 2014), and the final score ranged between 0 and 16 points. Centers with more than 13 points were classified as high-quality indicator compliance centers. We constructed a weighted cohort using inverse probability weighting to adjust for the variables. We compared disease-free survival and overall survival using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis in the weighted cohort. Results A total of 838 patients were included in the study. The mean number of quality indicators compliance in this cohort was 13.6 (SD 1.45). A total of 479 (57.2%) patients were operated on at high compliance centers and 359 (42.8%) patients at low compliance centers. High compliance centers performed more open surgeries (58.4% vs 36.7%, p<0.01). Women who were operated on at centers with high compliance with quality indicators had a significantly lower risk of relapse (HR=0.39; 95% CI 0.25 to 0.61; p<0.001). The association was reduced, but remained significant, after further adjustment for conization, surgical approach, and use of manipulator surgery (HR=0.48; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.75; p=0.001) and adjustment for adjuvant therapy (HR=0.47; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.74; p=0.001). Risk of death from disease was significantly lower in women operated on at centers with high adherence to quality indicators (HR=0.43; 95% CI 0.19 to 0.97; p=0.041). However, the association was not significant after adjustment for conization, surgical approach, use of manipulator surgery, and adjuvant therapy. Conclusions Patients with early cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy in centers with high compliance with ESGO quality indicators had a lower risk of recurrence and death

Radical hysterectomy in early cervical cancer in Europe : characteristics, outcomes and evaluation of ESGO quality indicators

Introduction Comprehensive updated information on cervical cancer surgical treatment in Europe is scarce. Objective To evaluate baseline characteristics of women with early cervical cancer and to analyze the outcomes of the ESGO quality indicators after radical hysterectomy in the SUCCOR database. Methods The SUCCOR database consisted of 1272 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for stage IB1 cervical cancer (FIGO 2009) between January 2013 and December 2014. After exclusion criteria, the final sample included 1156 patients. This study first described the clinical, surgical, pathological, and follow-up variables of this population and then analyzed the outcomes (disease-free survival and overall survival) after radical hysterectomy. Surgical-related ESGO quality indicators were assessed and the accomplishment of the stated recommendations was verified. Results The mean age of the patients was 47.1 years (SD 10.8), with a mean body mass index of 25.4 kg/m(2) (SD 4.9). A total of 423 (36.6%) patients had a previous cone biopsy. Tumor size (clinical examination) <2 cm was observed in 667 (57.7%) patients. The most frequent histology type was squamous carcinoma (794 (68.7%) patients), and positive lymph nodes were found in 143 (12.4%) patients. A total of 633 (54.8%) patients were operated by open abdominal surgery. Intra-operative complications occurred in 108 (9.3%) patients, and post-operative complications during the first month occurred in 249 (21.5%) patients, with bladder dysfunction as the most frequent event (119 (10.3%) patients). Clavien-Dindo grade III or higher complication occurred in 56 (4.8%) patients. A total of 510 (44.1%) patients received adjuvant therapy. After a median follow-up of 58 months (range 0-84), the 5-year disease-free survival was 88.3%, and the overall survival was 94.9%. In our population, 10 of the 11 surgical-related quality indicators currently recommended by ESGO were fully fulfilled 5 years before its implementation. Conclusions In this European cohort, the rate of adjuvant therapy after radical hysterectomy is higher than for most similar patients reported in the literature. The majority of centers were already following the European recommendations even 5 years prior to the ESGO quality indicator implementations.Cervix cance

Radical hysterectomy in early cervical cancer in Europe: characteristics, outcomes and evaluation of ESGO quality indicators

Introduction Comprehensive updated information on cervical cancer surgical treatment in Europe is scarce. Objective To evaluate baseline characteristics of women with early cervical cancer and to analyze the outcomes of the ESGO quality indicators after radical hysterectomy in the SUCCOR database. Methods The SUCCOR database consisted of 1272 patients who underwent radical hysterectomy for stage IB1 cervical cancer (FIGO 2009) between January 2013 and December 2014. After exclusion criteria, the final sample included 1156 patients. This study first described the clinical, surgical, pathological, and follow-up variables of this population and then analyzed the outcomes (disease-free survival and overall survival) after radical hysterectomy. Surgical-related ESGO quality indicators were assessed and the accomplishment of the stated recommendations was verified. Results The mean age of the patients was 47.1 years (SD 10.8), with a mean body mass index of 25.4 kg/m(2) (SD 4.9). A total of 423 (36.6%) patients had a previous cone biopsy. Tumor size (clinical examination) &lt;2 cm was observed in 667 (57.7%) patients. The most frequent histology type was squamous carcinoma (794 (68.7%) patients), and positive lymph nodes were found in 143 (12.4%) patients. A total of 633 (54.8%) patients were operated by open abdominal surgery. Intra-operative complications occurred in 108 (9.3%) patients, and post-operative complications during the first month occurred in 249 (21.5%) patients, with bladder dysfunction as the most frequent event (119 (10.3%) patients). Clavien-Dindo grade III or higher complication occurred in 56 (4.8%) patients. A total of 510 (44.1%) patients received adjuvant therapy. After a median follow-up of 58 months (range 0-84), the 5-year disease-free survival was 88.3%, and the overall survival was 94.9%. In our population, 10 of the 11 surgical-related quality indicators currently recommended by ESGO were fully fulfilled 5 years before its implementation. Conclusions In this European cohort, the rate of adjuvant therapy after radical hysterectomy is higher than for most similar patients reported in the literature. The majority of centers were already following the European recommendations even 5 years prior to the ESGO quality indicator implementations

SUCCOR cone study : conization before radical hysterectomy

peer reviewed[en] OBJECTIVE: To evaluate disease-free survival of cervical conization prior to radical hysterectomy in patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009). METHODS: A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study was conducted including patients from the Surgery in Cervical Cancer Comparing Different Surgical Aproaches in Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer (SUCCOR) database with FIGO 2009 IB1 cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014. We used propensity score matching to minimize the potential allocation biases arising from the retrospective design. Patients who underwent conization but were similar for other measured characteristics were matched 1:1 to patients from the non-cone group using a caliper width ≤0.2 standard deviations of the logit odds of the estimated propensity score. RESULTS: We obtained a weighted cohort of 374 patients (187 patients with prior conization and 187 non-conization patients). We found a 65% reduction in the risk of relapse for patients who had cervical conization prior to radical hysterectomy (hazard ratio (HR) 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16 to 0.75, p=0.007) and a 75% reduction in the risk of death for the same sample (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.90, p=0.033). In addition, patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery without prior conization had a 5.63 times higher chance of relapse compared with those who had an open approach and previous conization (HR 5.63, 95% CI 1.64 to 19.3, p=0.006). Patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery with prior conization and those who underwent open surgery without prior conization showed no differences in relapse rates compared with those who underwent open surgery with prior cone biopsy (reference) (HR 1.94, 95% CI 0.49 to 7.76, p=0.349 and HR 2.94, 95% CI 0.80 to 10.86, p=0.106 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective study, patients undergoing cervical conization before radical hysterectomy had a significantly lower risk of relapse and death

SUCCOR cone study: conization before radical hysterectomy

Objective To evaluate disease-free survival of cervical conization prior to radical hysterectomy in patients with stage IB1 cervical cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009). Methods A multicenter retrospective observational cohort study was conducted including patients from the Surgery in Cervical Cancer Comparing Different Surgical Aproaches in Stage IB1 Cervical Cancer (SUCCOR) database with FIGO 2009 IB1 cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2014. We used propensity score matching to minimize the potential allocation biases arising from the retrospective design. Patients who underwent conization but were similar for other measured characteristics were matched 1:1 to patients from the non-cone group using a caliper width &lt;= 0.2 standard deviations of the logit odds of the estimated propensity score. Results We obtained a weighted cohort of 374 patients (187 patients with prior conization and 187 non-conization patients). We found a 65% reduction in the risk of relapse for patients who had cervical conization prior to radical hysterectomy (hazard ratio (HR) 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16 to 0.75, p=0.007) and a 75% reduction in the risk of death for the same sample (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.90, p=0.033). In addition, patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery without prior conization had a 5.63 times higher chance of relapse compared with those who had an open approach and previous conization (HR 5.63, 95% CI 1.64 to 19.3, p=0.006). Patients who underwent minimally invasive surgery with prior conization and those who underwent open surgery without prior conization showed no differences in relapse rates compared with those who underwent open surgery with prior cone biopsy (reference) (HR 1.94, 95% CI 0.49 to 7.76, p=0.349 and HR 2.94, 95% CI 0.80 to 10.86, p=0.106 respectively). Conclusions In this retrospective study, patients undergoing cervical conization before radical hysterectomy had a significantly lower risk of relapse and death