Texts and Subtexts in Performing Blackness: Vernacular Masking in Key and Peele as a Lens for Viewing Paul Laurence Dunbar’s Musical Comedy

When Kegan Michael Key and Jordan Peele’s sketch-comedy show Key & Peele took Comedy Central by storm in 2012, the perceived need by the comedians to “adjust their blackness” to gain social recognition became a recurring theme. Throughout their comedic performances, language becomes a proxy for identity, and Key and Peele’s parodic employment of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) and linguistic variation serves to challenge notions of black authenticity, while emphasizing the absurdity of racial essentialism. An embodiment of Jonathan Rossing’s concept of emancipatory racial humor, Key and Peele’s comedy creates nonthreatening spaces that facilitate the contestation of cultural authority by interrogating how social categories are constructed via linguistic practices, revealing the interconnectedness among the ontology of the black body, epistemic authority, and linguistic authenticity. This dissertation examines the adoption of identity tropes by Key and Peele through their use of AAVE in relation to Paul Laurence Dunbar’s dialect musical comedy and the poet’s struggle to represent black subjectivity and folk culture without lapsing into minstrelsy. Particular attention is paid to how Dunbar responded to the political dynamic of subordination and resistance that defined linguistic conflict at the end of the nineteenth century and the inability of his critics to recognize the subversive and resistive nature of much of his work. Exploring the dialect comedy of Dunbar alongside Key and Peele in the context of controversies surrounding linguistic minstrelsy in mediatized performances of AAVE from Amos ‘n’ Andy to The Boondocks, I conclude that far from lapsing into minstrelsy, Dunbar’s dialect musical comedy catalyzed resistive ideologies, resulting in the emergence of a new black modernism. Like Key and Peele, Dunbar engages in meta-parody by placing himself in the performance, deliberately showcasing the richness and complexity of AAVE as a medium for conveying social commentary in which the audience comes to appreciate the intellect of the person telling the joke. The knowing and strategic inauthenticity in their performances invites audience interpretation of a deeper message, positioning Dunbar, along with Key and Peele, as tricksters who employ sophisticated vernacular masking to contest racial stereotypes, even as they enact them

Palynofacies classification of the depositional elements of confined turbidite systems : Examples from the Gres d'Annot, SE France

Acknowledgements We thank BG Brasil for financial support for this project and permission to publish. BG Group is a wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell. McArthur is grateful to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for the scholarship 049/2012. The Agência Nacional do Petróleo (ANP) are thanked for supporting this project. Massimo Zecchin is thanked for handling this paper and Roberto Tinterri is thanked for his constructive review, in addition to an anonymous reviewer.Peer reviewedPostprin

First principles calculations of oxygen adsorption on the UN (001) surface

Fabrication, handling and disposal of nuclear fuel materials require comprehensive knowledge of their surface morphology and reactivity. Due to unavoidable contact with air components (even at low partial pressures), UN samples contain considerable amount of oxygen impurities affecting fuel properties. The basic properties of O atoms adsorbed on the UN(001) surface are simulated here combining the two first principles calculation methods based on the plane wave basis set and that of the localized atomic orbitals.Comment: 9 page

Tectonic and stratigraphic evolution based on seismic sequence stratigraphy: Central rift section of the campos basin, offshore brazil

The rift section of the Brazilian basins represent the sedimentary record associated with the first stages of Gondwana break‐up in the Early Cretaceous phase (Berriasian to Aptian). The rift succession of the Campos Basin constitutes one of the main petroleum systems of Brazil’s marginal basins. This interval contains the main source rock and important reservoirs in the Lagoa Feia Group deposits. The Lagoa Feia Group is characterized by siliciclastic, carbonate and evaporite sediments deposited during the rift and post‐rift phases. Despite the economic relevance, little is known in stratigraphic terms regarding this rift interval. To date, most studies of the Lagoa Feia Group have adopted a lithostratigraphic approach, while this study proposes a tectonostrati-graphic framework for the deep‐rift succession of the Campos Basin (Lagoa Feia Group), using the fundamentals of seismic sequence stratigraphy. This work also aims to establish a methodological and practical procedure for the stratigraphic analysis of rift basins, using seismic data and seismofacies, and focusing on tectonicstratigraphic analysis. The dataset comprised 2D seismic lines, core and lithological logs from exploration wells. Three seismic facies were identified based on reflector patterns and lithologic data from well cores, providing an improved subdivision of the pre‐, syn‐ and post‐rift stages. The syn‐rift stage was further subdivided based on the geometric patterns of the reflectors. Tectonics was the main controlling factor in the sedimentary succession, and the pattern and geometry of the seismic reflectors of the syn‐rift interval in the Campos Basin allowed the identification of three tectonic systems tracts: (i) a Rift Initiation Systems Tract; (ii) a High Tectonic Activity Systems Tract and (iii) a Low Tectonic Activity Systems Tract

Recognition and analysis of seismic facies in the rift successions of the Campos and Santos Basins

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Palynofacies classification of submarine fan depositional environments: Outcrop examples from the Marnoso-Arenacea Formation, Italy

Basin floor fans contain some of the largest deep-water hydrocarbon accumulations discovered, however they also demonstrate extremely complex stratigraphic architecture, understanding of which is crucial for maximum recovery. Here we develop a new method, based upon palynofacies analysis, for the distinction of the different depositional environments that are commonly associated with basin floor fans. Previous studies and our sedimentological analysis allow good confidence in the discrimination of the different depositional environments of the outcropping Marnoso-Arenacea Formation fan system. One hundred and thirty-five samples were collected from mudstones in conjunction with sedimentary logging of 871 m of outcrops. Six lithofacies associations are described and interpreted to represent lobe axis, lobe fringe, fan fringe, contained interlobe, basin plain, and starved high depositional sub-environments. Palynofacies of these elements demonstrate turbidites to be rich in terrestrial organic matter, with sixteen categories of matter recognised. The abundances and proportions of particles varies between sub-environments, with lobe axis deposits containing the largest, densest particles, with a transition to ever smaller and lighter particles moving toward the basin plain. Fuzzy C-means statistical analysis was used to explore this trend. Distribution of organic matter is not random, but is dominated by hydrodynamic sorting and sequential fall-out of particles as turbidity currents passed across the basin. This allows a palynofacies classification scheme to be constructed to assist the identification of depositional environments of submarine fans, which may be combined with subsurface data to assist reservoir characterisation

Análise sismoestratigráfica da seção rifte da Bacia de Santos, Brasil

The Santos Basin, despite its surmount significance due to the pre-salt reservoirs, has limited geological information well-logs, 3D seismic or good quality 2D seismic for the rift section. The present work aims at integrating seismic stratigraphic analysis and proposing a tectonic-stratigraphic evolution model for the rift section of the basin. Seismic stratigraphic analysis involved interpretation of reflectors, which is the base of seismic stratigraphic units identification and seismic facies characterization. The result was the definition of 16 seismic stratigraphic units, four seismic facies (including the sag), and the development of chronostratigraphic charts of events adapted to the seismic context. Based on the adaptation of the stacking patterns to tectonic activity changes model, it was possible to delimit the rift initiation system tract, the high tectonic activity system tract, the low tectonic activity system tract and the post-rift, represented by the sag. The development of each tectonic system tract responded to variations in controlling factors of the lacustrine basin, interpreted as the relative balance between the rate changes in the accommodation space generated by tectonic and sediment supply influenced by climate.A Bacia de Santos, apesar de uma das principais bacias atualmente no Brasil exploradas devido à importância do pré-sal, possui pouca informação geológica, como registros de poço, sísmica 3D e sísmica 2D de boa qualidade na seção rifte. O presente trabalho visa à integração da análise sismoestratigráfica e proposição de um modelo de evolução tectonoestratigráfica para a seção rifte da bacia. A análise sismoestratigráfica envolveu a interpretação dos refletores, que é a base da identificação das unidades sismoestratigráficas e a caracterização das sismofácies. Como resultado, foi obtida a definição de 16 unidades sismoestratigráficas e quatro sismofácies (incluindo o sag), e o desenvolvimento das cartas cronoestratigráficas de eventos adaptadas para o contexto sísmico. Com base no ajuste do modelo de padrões de empilhamento para mudanças na atividade tectônica, foram delimitados os tratos de sistemas tectônicos de início de rifte, de alta atividade tectônica, de baixa atividade tectônica e o pós-rifte, representado pelo sag. O desenvolvimento de cada um dos tratos respondeu a variações dos fatores controladores das bacias lacustres, interpretado como o balanço relativo entre as taxas de mudanças do espaço de acomodação gerado pela tectônica e o aporte sedimentar influenciado pelo clima

Arquitetura estratigráfica dos depósitos fluviais albianos da base da Formação São Mateus no norte da Bacia do Espírito Santo

The alluvial deposits from the São Mateus Formation (Albian of the Espírito Santo Basin) consist of important reservoirs. However, there are few studies detailing the stratigraphy of this stratigraphic range. Consequently, this paper presents a study at the high-resolution stratigraphic subdivision of the basal section consists predominantly of alluvial deposits. Against the difficulties presented for the stratigraphic correlation of these deposits, the strategy of correlation was the subdivide of the succession alluvial in stratigraphic cycles. This method is based on the variation in the ratio between the rates of creation of accommodation and supply sediment (A: S) that directly controls the degree of amalgamation of sandstone bodies of the fluvial channels. Therefore, six cycles were defined composed internally for systems tracts of high and low accommodation. These cycles reflect the structuring of the amalgamation disposition of the fluvial channels with the deposits external to the channels through the ratio between the accommodation rate (A) and the sedimentary influx rate (S) forming cycles.Os depósitos aluviais da Formação São Mateus (Albiano da Bacia do Espírito Santo, Brasil) consistem em importantes reservatórios. Entretanto, existem poucos trabalhos detalhando a estratigrafia deste intervalo estratigráfico. Em decorrência disso, este trabalho teve por objetivo estabelecer um fatiamento estratigráfico de alta resolução da seção basal desta unidade, a qual é constituída por depósitos fluviais. Diante das dificuldades apresentadas para a correlação estratigráfica desses depósitos, a estratégia de correlação utilizada foi a subdivisão da sucessão aluvial em ciclos estratigráficos. Este método se baseia na variação na razão entre as taxas de criação de acomodação e suprimento sedimentar (A:S) que diretamente controla o grau de amalgamação dos corpos arenosos de canais fluviais. Com isso, foram definidos seis ciclos compostos internamente por tratos de sistemas de alta e baixa acomodação. Esses ciclos refletem a  estruturação do arranjo da amalgamação dos canais fluviais com os depósitos externos aos canais através da razão entre a taxa de acomodação (A) e a taxa de influxo sedimentar (S) formando ciclos