Mobile Life: A Research Foundation for Mobile Services

The telecom and IT industry is now facing the challenge of a second IT-revolution, where the spread of mobile and ubiquitous services will have an even more profound effect on commercial and social life than the recent Internet revolution. Users will expect services that are unique and fully adapted for the mobile setting, which means that the roles of the operators will change, new business models will be required, and new methods for developing and marketing services have to be found. Most of all, we need technology and services that put people at core. The industry must prepare to design services for a sustainable web of work, leisure and ubiquitous technology we can call the mobile life. In this paper, we describe the main components of a research agenda for mobile services, which is carried out at the Mobile Life Center at Stockholm University. This research program takes a sustainable approach to research and development of mobile and ubiquitous services, by combining a strong theoretical foundation (embodied interaction), a welldefined methodology (user-centered design) and an important domain with large societal importance and commercial potential (mobile life). Eventually the center will create an experimental mobile services ecosystem, which will serve as an open arena where partners from academia and industry can develop our vision an abundant future marketplace for future mobile servíces

Vertical GSHP systems in Sweden 1978-2015 - A survey based on the Swedish Well Database

The Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) is the Swedish government agency responsible for groundwater, geological and mineral management in Sweden. SGU provides open access geological data on rock, soil and groundwater conditions. Since 1978 over 600 000 wells (water wells, GSHP boreholes, etc) have been registered in the SGU Well Database, with around 20 000 new registrations per year. Sweden is one of the leading countries in the world in developing and using ground source heat pump (GSHP) technology. Of the more than 600 000 registered wells, roughly 320 000 wells are registered as GSHP boreholes. The vast majority of these GSHP boreholes are single boreholes for single-family buildings. The number of large GSHP systems with 20 boreholes or more, is estimated to 300-350 sites. This paper uses data from the SGU Well Database to quantify and analyze the number of vertical GSHP systems reported between 1978-2015, with special focus on GSHP systems with 20 or more boreholes. Results are shown from the development of larger vertical GSHP system installments over the years, number of registrations per year, system size, average well depth, and geographical distribution

Kartering och sammanställning av större geoenergisystem i Sverige – En studie baserad på SGUs brunnsarkiv

Sweden is one of the leading countries in the world developing and using ground source heat pump (GSHP) technology. The Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) is the authority in Sweden that provides open access geological data of rock, soil and groundwater for the population. All wells that are drilled must be registered in the SGU’s Well Database. It is the well driller’s and the consultants, related to the project, liability to submit registration of drilled wells, and although the tendency to register wells has improved considerably this last decade, there is still an estimation of 20 % of wells, mostly from earlier years, missing in the database.     Since 1978 a total of more than 600 000 wells (water wells, GSHP boreholes etc) have been registered in the Well Database, with around 20 000 new registrations per year. Of these wells an estimation of 320 000 wells are registered as GSHP boreholes. The vast majority of these boreholes are single boreholes for single-family houses. The number of properties with registered vertical borehole GSHP installations amounts to approximately 243 000. Of these sites between 300-350 are large GSHP systems with at least 20 boreholes. While the increase in number of new registrations for smaller homes and households has slowed down after the rapid development in the 80’s and 90’s, the larger installations for commercial and industrial buildings have increased in numbers over the last ten years.     This report uses data from SGU’s Well Database to quantify and analyze the numbers of vertical GSHP systems reported between 1973-2015, with special focus on medium sized and large systems. From the new aggregated data, conclusions can be drawn about the development of larger vertical GSHP systems installments in Sweden over the years, how the well depth and size of the system has changed, and geographical distribution in Sweden.     All the results are based on SGU’s Well Database and not from other sources and therefore discussions on error sources are given

Kartering och sammanställning av större geoenergisystem i Sverige – En studie baserad på SGUs brunnsarkiv

Sweden is one of the leading countries in the world developing and using ground source heat pump (GSHP) technology. The Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) is the authority in Sweden that provides open access geological data of rock, soil and groundwater for the population. All wells that are drilled must be registered in the SGU’s Well Database. It is the well driller’s and the consultants, related to the project, liability to submit registration of drilled wells, and although the tendency to register wells has improved considerably this last decade, there is still an estimation of 20 % of wells, mostly from earlier years, missing in the database.     Since 1978 a total of more than 600 000 wells (water wells, GSHP boreholes etc) have been registered in the Well Database, with around 20 000 new registrations per year. Of these wells an estimation of 320 000 wells are registered as GSHP boreholes. The vast majority of these boreholes are single boreholes for single-family houses. The number of properties with registered vertical borehole GSHP installations amounts to approximately 243 000. Of these sites between 300-350 are large GSHP systems with at least 20 boreholes. While the increase in number of new registrations for smaller homes and households has slowed down after the rapid development in the 80’s and 90’s, the larger installations for commercial and industrial buildings have increased in numbers over the last ten years.     This report uses data from SGU’s Well Database to quantify and analyze the numbers of vertical GSHP systems reported between 1973-2015, with special focus on medium sized and large systems. From the new aggregated data, conclusions can be drawn about the development of larger vertical GSHP systems installments in Sweden over the years, how the well depth and size of the system has changed, and geographical distribution in Sweden.     All the results are based on SGU’s Well Database and not from other sources and therefore discussions on error sources are given

A method for data-driven exploration to pinpoint key features in medical data and facilitate expert review

Purpose To develop a method for data‐driven exploration in pharmacovigilance and illustrate its use by identifying the key features of individual case safety reports related to medication errors. Methods We propose vigiPoint, a method that contrasts the relative frequency of covariate values in a data subset of interest to those within one or more comparators, utilizing odds ratios with adaptive statistical shrinkage. Nested analyses identify higher order patterns, and permutation analysis is employed to protect against chance findings. For illustration, a total of 164 000 adverse event reports related to medication errors were characterized and contrasted to the other 7 833 000 reports in VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual case safety reports, as of May 2013. The initial scope included 2000 features, such as patient age groups, reporter qualifications, and countries of origin. Results vigiPoint highlighted 109 key features of medication error reports. The most prominent were that the vast majority of medication error reports were from the United States (89% compared with 49% for other reports in VigiBase); that the majority of reports were sent by consumers (53% vs 17% for other reports); that pharmacists (12% vs 5.3%) and lawyers (2.9% vs 1.5%) were overrepresented; and that there were more medication error reports than expected for patients aged 2‐11 years (10% vs 5.7%), particularly in Germany (16%). Conclusions vigiPoint effectively identified key features of medication error reports in VigiBase. More generally, it reduces lead times for analysis and ensures reproducibility and transparency. An important next step is to evaluate its use in other data

What can an Image tell? : An Evaluation of the Retrieval Performance in ImBrowse

The aim of this master thesis is to evaluate the performance of the content-based image retrieval system ImBrowse from a semantic point of view. Evaluation of retrieval performance is a problem in content-based image retrieval (CBIR). There are many different methods for measuring the performance of content-based image retrieval systems, but no common way for performing the evaluation. The main focus is on image retrieval regarding the extraction of the visual features in the image, from three semantic levels. The thesis tries to elucidate the semantic gap, which is the problem when the systems extraction of the visual features from the image and the user’s interpretation of that same information do not correspond. The method of this thesis is based on similar methods in evaluation studies of CBIR systems. The thesis is an evaluation of ImBrowse’s feature descriptors for 30 topics at three semantic levels and compared the descriptors performance based on our relevance assessment. For the computation of the results the precision at DCV = 20 is used. The results are presented in tables and a chart. The conclusion from this evaluation is that the retrieval effectiveness from a general point of view did not meet the semantic level of our relevance assessed topics. However, since the thesis do not have another system with the same search functions to compare with it is difficult to draw a comprehensive conclusion of the results.Uppsatsnivå:

Improved Statistical Signal Detection in Pharmacovigilance by Combining Multiple Strength-of-Evidence Aspects in vigiRank

Background Detection of unknown risks with marketed medicines is key to securing the optimal care of individual patients and to reducing the societal burden from adverse drug reactions. Large collections of individual case reports remain the primary source of information and require effective analytics to guide clinical assessors towards likely drug safety signals. Disproportionality analysis is based solely on aggregate numbers of reports and naively disregards report quality and content. However, these latter features are the very fundament of the ensuing clinical assessment. Objective Our objective was to develop and evaluate a data-driven screening algorithm for emerging drug safety signals that accounts for report quality and content. Methods vigiRank is a predictive model for emerging safety signals, here implemented with shrinkage logistic regression to identify predictive variables and estimate their respective contributions. The variables considered for inclusion capture different aspects of strength of evidence, including quality and clinical content of individual reports, as well as trends in time and geographic spread. A reference set of 264 positive controls (historical safety signals from 2003 to 2007) and 5,280 negative controls (pairs of drugs and adverse events not listed in the Summary of Product Characteristics of that drug in 2012) was used for model fitting and evaluation; the latter used fivefold cross-validation to protect against over-fitting. All analyses were performed on a reconstructed version of VigiBase® as of 31 December 2004, at around which time most safety signals in our reference set were emerging. Results The following aspects of strength of evidence were selected for inclusion into vigiRank: the numbers of informative and recent reports, respectively; disproportional reporting; the number of reports with free-text descriptions of the case; and the geographic spread of reporting. vigiRank offered a statistically significant improvement in area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) over screening based on the Information Component (IC) and raw numbers of reports, respectively (0.775 vs. 0.736 and 0.707, cross-validated). Conclusions Accounting for multiple aspects of strength of evidence has clear conceptual and empirical advantages over disproportionality analysis. vigiRank is a first-of-its-kind predictive model to factor in report quality and content in first-pass screening to better meet tomorrow’s post-marketing drug safety surveillance needs

Mobile Life: A Research Program for Mobile Services

www.mobile-life.org The telecom and IT industry is now facing the challenge of a second IT-revolution, where the spread of mobile and ubiquitous services will have an even more profound effect on commercial and social life than the recent Internet revolution. Users will expect services that are unique and fully adapted for the mobile setting, which means that the roles of the operators will change, new business models will be required, and new methods for developing and marketing services have to be found. Most of all, we need technology and services that put people at core. The industry must prepare to design services for a sustainable web of work, leisure and ubiquitous technology we can call the mobile life. In this paper, we describe the main components of a research agenda for mobile services, which is carried out at the Mobile Life Center at Stockholm University. This research program takes a sustainable approach to research and development of mobile and ubiquitous services, by combining a strong theoretical foundation (embodied interaction), a welldefined methodology (user-centered design) and an important domain with large societal importance and commercial potential (mobile life). Eventually the center will create an experimental mobile services ecosystem, which will serve as an open arena where partners from academia and industry can develop our vision an abundant future marketplace for future mobile services